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  1. Article: Antibiotics Clinical Development and Pipeline.

    Hesterkamp, Thomas

    Current topics in microbiology and immunology

    2016  Volume 398, Page(s) 447–474

    Abstract: There is a constant need for resupply with resistance-breaking antibiotics. Governmental programs and updated regulatory guidance have incentivized mainly small- and medium-sized biopharmaceutical companies to develop novel antibiotics up to market ... ...

    Abstract There is a constant need for resupply with resistance-breaking antibiotics. Governmental programs and updated regulatory guidance have incentivized mainly small- and medium-sized biopharmaceutical companies to develop novel antibiotics up to market licensure, while major pharma players, with exceptions, have abandoned the space for a perceived lack of a return on their investment. The portfolio of approved drugs has improved over recent years for gram-positive infections, including infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. On the other hand, unmet medical need has surfaced in indications dominated by gram-negative pathogens including complicated intra-abdominal and bloodstream infections as well as hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated pneumonia. Few if any treatment options are left for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae, e.g., Klebsiella pneumoniae, and the multi-drug-resistant non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. The present paper summarizes and reviews the clinical pipeline of novel antibiotics by clinical indication and identifies the unmet medical need in the space.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Bacteria/genetics ; Bacteria/metabolism ; Bacterial Infections/drug therapy ; Bacterial Infections/microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 0070-217X
    ISSN 0070-217X
    DOI 10.1007/82_2015_451
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: MVA-based vaccine candidates encoding the native or prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike reveal differential immunogenicity in humans.

    Mayer, Leonie / Weskamm, Leonie M / Fathi, Anahita / Kono, Maya / Heidepriem, Jasmin / Krähling, Verena / Mellinghoff, Sibylle C / Ly, My Linh / Friedrich, Monika / Hardtke, Svenja / Borregaard, Saskia / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Loeffler, Felix F / Volz, Asisa / Sutter, Gerd / Becker, Stephan / Dahlke, Christine / Addo, Marylyn M

    NPJ vaccines

    2024  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 20

    Abstract: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple vaccines were developed using platforms such as viral vectors and mRNA technology. Here, we report humoral and cellular immunogenicity data from human phase 1 clinical trials investigating two recombinant ... ...

    Abstract In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, multiple vaccines were developed using platforms such as viral vectors and mRNA technology. Here, we report humoral and cellular immunogenicity data from human phase 1 clinical trials investigating two recombinant Modified Vaccinia virus Ankara vaccine candidates, MVA-SARS-2-S and MVA-SARS-2-ST, encoding the native and the prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, respectively. MVA-SARS-2-ST was more immunogenic than MVA-SARS-2-S, but both were less immunogenic compared to licensed mRNA- and ChAd-based vaccines in SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals. In heterologous vaccination, previous MVA-SARS-2-S vaccination enhanced T cell functionality and MVA-SARS-2-ST boosted the frequency of T cells and S1-specific IgG levels when used as a third vaccination. While the vaccine candidate containing the prefusion-stabilized spike elicited predominantly S1-specific responses, immunity to the candidate with the native spike was skewed towards S2-specific responses. These data demonstrate how the spike antigen conformation, using the same viral vector, directly affects vaccine immunogenicity in humans.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2059-0105
    ISSN (online) 2059-0105
    DOI 10.1038/s41541-023-00801-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: On the prediction of statistical parameters in high-throughput screening using resampling techniques.

    Ilouga, Pierre E / Hesterkamp, Thomas

    Journal of biomolecular screening

    2012  Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) 705–712

    Abstract: A severe drawback in the high-throughput screening (HTS) process is the unintentional (random) presence of false positives and negatives. Their rates depend, among others, on the screening process being applied and the target class. Although false ... ...

    Abstract A severe drawback in the high-throughput screening (HTS) process is the unintentional (random) presence of false positives and negatives. Their rates depend, among others, on the screening process being applied and the target class. Although false positives can be sorted out in subsequent process steps, their occurrence can lead to increased project cost. More fundamentally, it is not possible to rescue false nonhits. In this article, we investigate the prediction of the primary hit rate, hit confirmation rate, and false-positive and false-negative rates. Results for approximately 2800 compounds are considered that are tested as a pilot screen ahead of the primary screening work. This pilot screen is done at several concentrations and in replicates. The rates are predicted as a function of the proposed hit threshold by having the replicates serve as each other's confirmers, and confidence limits to the prediction are attached by means of a resampling scheme. A comparison of the rates resulting from the resampling with the primary hit rate and the confirmation rates obtained during the screening campaign shows how accurate this method is. Hence, the "optimal" compound concentration for the screen as well as the optimal hit threshold corresponding to low false rates can be determined prior to starting the subsequent screening campaign.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/statistics & numerical data ; False Negative Reactions ; False Positive Reactions ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/methods ; High-Throughput Screening Assays/statistics & numerical data ; Monte Carlo Method ; Quality Control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1433680-7
    ISSN 1552-454X ; 1087-0571
    ISSN (online) 1552-454X
    ISSN 1087-0571
    DOI 10.1177/1087057112441623
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of the atypical tetracyclines chelocardin and amidochelocardin in murine infection models.

    Rox, Katharina / Jansen, Rolf / Lukežič, Tadeja / Greweling-Pils, Marina / Herrmann, Jennifer / Miethke, Marcus / Hüttel, Stephan / Hennessen, Fabienne / Abou Fayad, Antoine / Holzhausen, Cornelia / Lundberg, Carina Vingsbo / Teague, Joanne / Sudarman, Enge / Bülter, Lisa / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Stadler, Marc / Brönstrup, Mark / Müller, Rolf

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) e0128923

    Abstract: Importance: There is a strong need to find novel treatment options against urinary tract infections associated with antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluates two atypical tetracyclines, namely chelocardin (CHD) and amidochelocardin (CDCHD), with ... ...

    Abstract Importance: There is a strong need to find novel treatment options against urinary tract infections associated with antimicrobial resistance. This study evaluates two atypical tetracyclines, namely chelocardin (CHD) and amidochelocardin (CDCHD), with respect to their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. We show CHD and CDCHD are cleared at high concentrations in mouse urine. Especially, CDCHD is highly effective in an ascending urinary tract infection model, suggesting further preclinical evaluation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Mice ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacokinetics ; Tetracyclines/pharmacology ; Tetracyclines/therapeutic use ; Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances chelocardin (N09QLW5PXU) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Tetracyclines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.01289-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: The RNA Polymerase Inhibitor Corallopyronin A Has a Lower Frequency of Resistance Than Rifampicin in

    Balansky, Jan / Pfarr, Kenneth / Szekat, Christiane / Kehraus, Stefan / Aden, Tilman / Grosse, Miriam / Jansen, Rolf / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Schiefer, Andrea / König, Gabriele M / Stadler, Marc / Hoerauf, Achim / Bierbaum, Gabriele

    Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 7

    Abstract: Corallopyronin A (CorA) is active against Gram-positive bacteria and targets the switch region of RNA polymerase. Because of the high frequency of mutation (FoM) leading to rifampicin resistance, we determined the CorA FoM in S. aureus using fluctuation ... ...

    Abstract Corallopyronin A (CorA) is active against Gram-positive bacteria and targets the switch region of RNA polymerase. Because of the high frequency of mutation (FoM) leading to rifampicin resistance, we determined the CorA FoM in S. aureus using fluctuation analysis at 4 × minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Resistant mutants were characterized. S. aureus strains HG001, Mu50, N315, and USA300 had an MIC of 0.25 mg/L. The median FoM for CorA resistance was 1.5 × 10−8, 4.5-fold lower than the median FoM of 6.7 × 10−8 for rifampicin, and was reflected in a 4-fold lower mutation rate for CorA than rifampicin (6 × 10−9 for CorA vs. 2.5 × 10−8 for rifampicin). In CorA-resistant/rifampicin-sensitive strains, the majority of amino acid exchanges were S1127L in RpoB or K334N in RpoC. S. aureus Mu50, a rifampicin-resistant clinical isolate, yielded two further exchanges targeting amino acids L1131 and E1048 of the RpoB subunit. The plating of >1011 cells on agar containing a combination of 4 × MIC of rifampicin and 4 × MIC of CorA did not yield any growth. In conclusion, with proper usage, e.g., in combination therapy and good antibiotic stewardship, CorA is a potential antibiotic for treating S. aureus infections.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2681345-2
    ISSN 2079-6382
    ISSN 2079-6382
    DOI 10.3390/antibiotics11070920
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Potent

    Edwards, Jennifer L / Balthazar, Jacqueline T / Esposito, Danillo L A / Ayala, Julio C / Schiefer, Andrea / Pfarr, Kenneth / Hoerauf, Achim / Alt, Silke / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Grosse, Miriam / Stadler, Marc / Golparian, Daniel / Unemo, Magnus / Read, Timothy D / Shafer, William M

    mSphere

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 5, Page(s) e0036222

    Abstract: Gonorrhea remains a major global public health problem because of the high incidence of infection (estimated 82 million cases in 2020) and the emergence and spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains resistant to previous and current antibiotics used to ... ...

    Abstract Gonorrhea remains a major global public health problem because of the high incidence of infection (estimated 82 million cases in 2020) and the emergence and spread of Neisseria gonorrhoeae strains resistant to previous and current antibiotics used to treat infections. Given the dearth of new antibiotics that are likely to enter clinical practice in the near future, there is concern that cases of untreatable gonorrhea might emerge. In response to this crisis, the World Health Organization (WHO), in partnership with the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), has made the search for and development of new antibiotics against N. gonorrhoeae a priority. Ideally, these antibiotics should also be active against other sexually transmitted organisms, such as Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Mycoplasma genitalium, which are often found with N. gonorrhoeae as co-infections. Corallopyronin A is a potent antimicrobial that exhibits activity against Chlamydia spp. and inhibits transcription by binding to the RpoB switch region. Accordingly, we tested the effectiveness of corallopyronin A against N. gonorrhoeae. We also examined the mutation frequency and modes of potential resistance against corallopyronin A. We report that corallopyronin A has potent antimicrobial action against antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant N. gonorrhoeae strains and could eradicate gonococcal infection of cultured, primary human cervical epithelial cells. Critically, we found that spontaneous corallopyronin A-resistant mutants of N. gonorrhoeae are exceedingly rare (≤10
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Gonorrhea/drug therapy ; Gonorrhea/prevention & control ; Coinfection ; Neisseria gonorrhoeae/genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Chlamydia trachomatis ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances corallopyronin A ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2379-5042
    ISSN (online) 2379-5042
    DOI 10.1128/msphere.00362-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: In Vitro-In Vivo Relationship in Mini-Scale-Enabling Formulations of Corallopyronin A.

    Becker, Tim / Krome, Anna K / Vahdati, Sahel / Schiefer, Andrea / Pfarr, Kenneth / Ehrens, Alexandra / Aden, Tilman / Grosse, Miriam / Jansen, Rolf / Alt, Silke / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Stadler, Marc / Hübner, Marc P / Kehraus, Stefan / König, Gabriele M / Hoerauf, Achim / Wagner, Karl G

    Pharmaceutics

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 8

    Abstract: In vivo studies in mice provide a valuable model to test novel active pharmaceutical ingredients due to their low material need and the fact that mice are frequently used as a species for early efficacy models. However, preclinical in vitro evaluations ... ...

    Abstract In vivo studies in mice provide a valuable model to test novel active pharmaceutical ingredients due to their low material need and the fact that mice are frequently used as a species for early efficacy models. However, preclinical in vitro evaluations of formulation principles in mice are still lacking. The development of novel in vitro and in silico models supported the preclinical formulation evaluation for the anti-infective corallopyronin A (CorA). To this end, CorA and solubility-enhanced amorphous solid dispersion formulations, comprising povidone or copovidone, were evaluated regarding biorelevant solubilities and dissolution in mouse-specific media. As an acidic compound, CorA and CorA-ASD formulations showed decreased solubilities in mice when compared with human-specific media. In biorelevant biphasic dissolution experiments CorA-povidone showed a three-fold higher fraction partitioned into the organic phase of the biphasic dissolution, when compared with CorA-copovidone. Bioavailabilities determined by pharmacokinetic studies in BALB/c mice correlated with the biphasic dissolution prediction and resulted in a Level C in vitro-in vivo correlation. In vitro cell experiments excluded intestinal efflux by P-glycoprotein or breast cancer resistance protein. By incorporating in vitro results into a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model, the plasma concentrations of CorA-ASD formulations were predicted and identified dissolution as the limiting factor for bioavailability.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2527217-2
    ISSN 1999-4923
    ISSN 1999-4923
    DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081657
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Corallopyronin A: antimicrobial discovery to preclinical development.

    Krome, Anna K / Becker, Tim / Kehraus, Stefan / Schiefer, Andrea / Gütschow, Michael / Chaverra-Muñoz, Lillibeth / Hüttel, Stephan / Jansen, Rolf / Stadler, Marc / Ehrens, Alexandra / Pogorevc, Domen / Müller, Rolf / Hübner, Marc P / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Pfarr, Kenneth / Hoerauf, Achim / Wagner, Karl G / König, Gabriele M

    Natural product reports

    2022  Volume 39, Issue 9, Page(s) 1705–1720

    Abstract: Covering: August 1984 up to January 2022Worldwide, increasing morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic-resistant microbial infections has been observed. Therefore, better prevention and control of infectious diseases, as well as appropriate use of ... ...

    Abstract Covering: August 1984 up to January 2022Worldwide, increasing morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic-resistant microbial infections has been observed. Therefore, better prevention and control of infectious diseases, as well as appropriate use of approved antibacterial drugs are crucial. There is also an urgent need for the continuous development and supply of novel antibiotics. Thus, identifying new antibiotics and their further development is once again a priority of natural product research. The antibiotic corallopyronin A was discovered in the 1980s in the culture broth of the Myxobacterium
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Infective Agents/pharmacology ; Biological Products/pharmacology ; Humans ; Lactones ; Water
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Biological Products ; Lactones ; corallopyronin A ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2002546-4
    ISSN 1460-4752 ; 0265-0568
    ISSN (online) 1460-4752
    ISSN 0265-0568
    DOI 10.1039/d2np00012a
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Fragment-based activity space: smaller is better.

    Hesterkamp, Thomas / Whittaker, Mark

    Current opinion in chemical biology

    2008  Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 260–268

    Abstract: Fragment-based drug discovery has the potential to supersede traditional high throughput screening based drug discovery for molecular targets amenable to structure determination. This is because the chemical diversity coverage is better accomplished by a ...

    Abstract Fragment-based drug discovery has the potential to supersede traditional high throughput screening based drug discovery for molecular targets amenable to structure determination. This is because the chemical diversity coverage is better accomplished by a fragment collection of reasonable size than by larger HTS collections. Furthermore, fragments have the potential to be efficient target binders with higher probability than more elaborated drug-like compounds. The selection of the fragment screening technique is driven by sensitivity and throughput considerations, and we advocate in the present article the use of high concentration bioassays in conjunction with NMR-based hit confirmation. Subsequent ligand X-ray structure determination of the fragment ligand in complex with the target protein by co-crystallisation or crystal soaking can focus on confirmed binders.
    MeSH term(s) Biological Assay ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Pharmaceutical Preparations/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1439176-4
    ISSN 1879-0402 ; 1367-5931
    ISSN (online) 1879-0402
    ISSN 1367-5931
    DOI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2008.02.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Corallopyronin A: antimicrobial discovery to preclinical development

    Krome, Anna K. / Becker, Tim / Kehraus, Stefan / Schiefer, Andrea / Gütschow, Michael / Chaverra-Muñoz, Lillibeth / Hüttel, Stephan / Jansen, Rolf / Stadler, Marc / Ehrens, Alexandra / Pogorevc, Domen / Müller, Rolf / Hübner, Marc P. / Hesterkamp, Thomas / Pfarr, Kenneth / Hoerauf, Achim / Wagner, Karl G. / König, Gabriele M.

    Natural product reports. 2022 Sept. 21, v. 39, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: Worldwide, increasing morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic-resistant microbial infections has been observed. Therefore, better prevention and control of infectious diseases, as well as appropriate use of approved antibacterial drugs are crucial. ... ...

    Abstract Worldwide, increasing morbidity and mortality due to antibiotic-resistant microbial infections has been observed. Therefore, better prevention and control of infectious diseases, as well as appropriate use of approved antibacterial drugs are crucial. There is also an urgent need for the continuous development and supply of novel antibiotics. Thus, identifying new antibiotics and their further development is once again a priority of natural product research. The antibiotic corallopyronin A was discovered in the 1980s in the culture broth of the Myxobacterium Corallococcus coralloides and serves, in the context of this review, as a show case for the development of a naturally occurring antibiotic compound. The review demonstrates how a hard to obtain, barely water soluble and unstable compound such as corallopyronin A can be developed making use of sophisticated production and formulation approaches. Corallopyronin A is a bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor with a new target site and one of the few representatives of this class currently in preclinical development. Efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, e.g., Chlamydia trachomatis, Orientia tsutsugamushi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Wolbachia has been demonstrated. Due to its highly effective in vivo depletion of Wolbachia, which are essential endobacteria of most filarial nematode species, and its robust macrofilaricidal efficacy, corallopyronin A was selected as a preclinical candidate for the treatment of human filarial infections. This review highlights the discovery and production optimization approaches for corallopyronin A, as well as, recent preclinical efficacy results demonstrating a robust macrofilaricidal effect of the anti-Wolbachia candidate, and the solid formulation strategy which enhances the stability as well as the bioavailability of corallopyronin A.
    Keywords Chlamydia trachomatis ; Corallococcus ; DNA-directed RNA polymerase ; Nematoda ; Orientia tsutsugamushi ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Wolbachia ; antibiotic resistance ; antibiotics ; bioavailability ; culture media ; humans ; morbidity ; mortality ; myxobacteria ; water solubility
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0921
    Size p. 1705-1720.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2002546-4
    ISSN 1460-4752 ; 0265-0568
    ISSN (online) 1460-4752
    ISSN 0265-0568
    DOI 10.1039/d2np00012a
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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