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Book ; Online: Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe

Hickman, Matthew

epidemiology, treatment and prevention

(Insights / European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; 23)

2016

Institution	Europäische Kommission / Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht
Author's details	European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; editors: Matthew Hickman, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Natasha K. Martin, Department of Medicine, University of California, United States and University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Series title	Insights / European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; 23 EMCDDA insights
Collection	EMCDDA insights
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (97 Seiten), Diagramme, Karten
Publisher	Publications Office of the European Union
Publishing place	Luxembourg
Publishing country	Luxembourg
Document type	Book ; Online
HBZ-ID	HT019093707
ISBN	978-92-9168-928-6 ; 9789291689293 ; 92-9168-928-9 ; 9291689297
DOI	10.2810/967909
Database	ZB MED Catalogue: Medicine, Health, Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Book: Hepatitis C among drug users in Europe

Hickman, Matthew / Martin, Natasha K.

epidemiology, treatment and prevention

(Insights / European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; 23)

2016

Institution	Europäische Kommission / Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht
Author's details	European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; editors: Matthew Hickman, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, United Kingdom; Natasha K. Martin, Department of Medicine, University of California, United States and University of Bristol, United Kingdom
Series title	Insights / European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction ; 23 EMCDDA insights
Collection	EMCDDA insights
Language	English
Size	97 Seiten, Diagramme, Karten
Publisher	Publications Office of the European Union
Publishing place	Luxembourg
Publishing country	Luxembourg
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT019093560
ISBN	978-92-9168-929-3 ; 9789291689286 ; 92-9168-929-7 ; 9291689289
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Shelf mark	Loan status	Location
2016 A 2062	available for loan (reading room)	Lesesaal EG

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Article ; Online: Risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on international flights, a retrospective cohort study using national surveillance data in England.

Howkins, Joshua / Packer, Simon / Walsh, Eleanor / Kumar, Deepti / Edeghere, Obaghe / Hickman, Matthew / Oliver, Isabel

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 174

Abstract: Background: It is not yet fully understood to what extent in-flight transmission contributed to the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to determine the occurrence and extent of SARS-CoV-2 ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is not yet fully understood to what extent in-flight transmission contributed to the spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aimed to determine the occurrence and extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in-flight and assess factors associated with transmission risk to inform future control strategies. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data obtained from contact tracing of international flights arriving in England between 02/08/2021-15/10/2021. Transmission risk was estimated by calculating the secondary attack rate (SAR). Univariable and multivariable analyses of the SAR by specific risk factors was undertaken, including: number of in-flight index cases; number of symptomatic index cases; contact vaccination status; flight duration; proximity to the index case(s); contact age. Results: 11,307 index cases linked to 667,849 contacts with 5,289 secondary cases reported. In-flight SAR was 0.79% (95% CI: 0.77-0.81). Increasing numbers of symptomatic cases (when > 4 index cases compared to one index case aOR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.40-2.44) and seating proximity to an index case (seated within compared to outside of two rows OR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.50-2.22) were associated with increased risk of secondary cases. Full vaccination history was protective (aOR 0.52; 95% CI: 0.47-0.57). Conclusions: This study confirms that in-flight transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurred. There are factors associated with increased risk of infection. Contact tracing identified exposed persons who subsequently developed infection. A targeted approach to contact tracing passengers with the highest exposure risk could be an effective use of limited public health resources.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Contact Tracing ; England/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-09052-2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Correction: Risk of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on international flights, a retrospective cohort study using national surveillance data in England.

Howkins, Joshua / Packer, Simon / Walsh, Eleanor / Kumar, Deepti / Edeghere, Obaghe / Hickman, Matthew / Oliver, Isabel

BMC infectious diseases

2024 Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 377

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2041550-3
ISSN	1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
ISSN	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-024-09182-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Risk Factors for Binge Drinking in Young Adulthood: The Roles of Aggregate Genetic Liability and Impulsivity-Related Processes.

Lannoy, Séverine / Heron, Jon / Hickman, Matthew / Edwards, Alexis C

Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs

2023 Volume 84, Issue 4, Page(s) 499–507

Abstract: Objective: Binge drinking is characterized by excessive alcohol use and is widespread in youth. We explore the relationship between binge drinking's risk factors by considering (a) aggregate genetic liability (polygenic risk score [PGS]) for alcohol use ...

Abstract	Objective: Binge drinking is characterized by excessive alcohol use and is widespread in youth. We explore the relationship between binge drinking's risk factors by considering (a) aggregate genetic liability (polygenic risk score [PGS]) for alcohol use and problems and (b) impulsivity-related processes. We examined whether the associations between PGS and binge drinking were mediated by impulsivity, with a possible shared genetic liability between alcohol phenotypes and impulsivity. Method: Participants were from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children ( Results: Higher binge drinking frequency was related to higher aggregate genetic liability for alcohol use and problems in both models (standardized betas = .055-.064, all Conclusions: Targeting sensation seeking at the end of adolescence may be means to prevent binge drinking in adulthood, whereas considering the role of genetic factors may improve our understanding of at-risk youth.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Binge Drinking/epidemiology ; Binge Drinking/genetics ; Longitudinal Studies ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Alcohol Drinking/genetics ; Risk Factors ; Impulsive Behavior/physiology ; Ethanol
Chemical Substances	Ethanol (3K9958V90M)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2266450-6
ISSN	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683 ; 1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
ISSN (online)	1938-4114 ; 1934-2683
ISSN	1937-1888 ; 0096-882X
DOI	10.15288/jsad.22-00420
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: An ecological study of temporal trends in 'deaths of despair' in England and Wales.

Augarde, Elizabeth / Gunnell, David / Mars, Becky / Hickman, Matthew

Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology

2022 Volume 57, Issue 6, Page(s) 1135–1144

Abstract: Purpose: There is growing interest in the concept of 'deaths of despair' (DoD)-defined as deaths from three causes: suicide, drug poisoning, and alcohol-related conditions-as a more comprehensive indicator of the impact of psychological distress on ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: There is growing interest in the concept of 'deaths of despair' (DoD)-defined as deaths from three causes: suicide, drug poisoning, and alcohol-related conditions-as a more comprehensive indicator of the impact of psychological distress on mortality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the degree of commonality in trends and geographic patterning of deaths from these causes in England and Wales. Methods: WHO mortality data were used to calculate age-standardised, sex-specific temporal trends in DoD mortality and in mortality from suicide, drug poisonings, and alcohol-related conditions in England and Wales, 2001-2016. Three-year average crude rates were calculated for English local authorities for 2016-2018 and associations between rates were assessed using Spearman's rank correlation. Results: Between 2001 and 2016, the DoD mortality rate increased by 21·6% (males) and 16·9% (females). The increase was largely due to a rise in drug poisoning deaths, with limited tracking between trends in mortality by each cause. DoD mortality risk was highest in middle-aged people; there were rises in all age groups except 15-24 year old males and 65 + females. There were strong positive correlations (r = 0.66(males) and 0.60(females)) between local authority-area drug poisoning and alcohol-specific mortality rates in 2016-2018. Correlations of these outcomes with suicide were weaker (r = 0.29-0.54). Conclusions: DoD mortality is increasing in England and Wales but there is limited evidence of commonality in the epidemiology of cause-specific mortality from the component causes of DoD (suicide, drug poisoning and alcohol-related conditions), indicating the need for tailored prevention for each outcome.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult ; England/epidemiology ; Suicide ; Wales/epidemiology ; Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	623071-4
ISSN	1433-9285 ; 0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
ISSN (online)	1433-9285
ISSN	0037-7813 ; 0933-7954
DOI	10.1007/s00127-022-02251-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 327: Show issues

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Article ; Online: The Relationship of Injury and Complaints of Police Use of Excessive Force.

Strote, Jared / Hickman, Matthew J

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology

2020 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 5–10

Abstract: Use of excessive force (UOEF) is an important and controversial topic but little is known about how injury severity is related to allegations of UOEF. We hypothesized that such complaints would be associated with more significant traumatic injuries. ... ...

Abstract	Use of excessive force (UOEF) is an important and controversial topic but little is known about how injury severity is related to allegations of UOEF. We hypothesized that such complaints would be associated with more significant traumatic injuries. Emergency department records were searched for all individuals making UOEF complaints against an urban police department from 2010 to 2012. Demographic, diagnosis, and other medical data, including Injury Severity Score, were obtained. From police records, force used, suspect resistance and threat, and other call data were obtained. The same data were collected for a control group randomly chosen from all use-of-force events identified during the study period. Of the 235 complaints filed, 42 (18%) subjects had medical evaluation. The control group was significantly younger and more likely to be male; there was no significant difference in race or income. Major injuries were infrequent. No significant difference was found in Injury Severity Score or other medical variables between the 2 groups. Among the law enforcement variables, the only significant difference was a higher likelihood of psychiatric-related calls in the control group. The majority of patients alleging UOEF did not require immediate medical attention, and we found no relationship between injury severity and UOEF complaints.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Female ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Male ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Police ; Retrospective Studies ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology ; Washington/epidemiology ; Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604537-6
ISSN	1533-404X ; 0195-7910
ISSN (online)	1533-404X
ISSN	0195-7910
DOI	10.1097/PAF.0000000000000537
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 1613: Show issues

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Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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Article ; Online: Big data and predictive modelling for the opioid crisis: existing research and future potential.

Bharat, Chrianna / Hickman, Matthew / Barbieri, Sebastiano / Degenhardt, Louisa

The Lancet. Digital health

2021 Volume 3, Issue 6, Page(s) e397–e407

Abstract: A need exists to accurately estimate overdose risk and improve understanding of how to deliver treatments and interventions in people with opioid use disorder in a way that reduces such risk. We consider opportunities for predictive analytics and ... ...

Abstract	A need exists to accurately estimate overdose risk and improve understanding of how to deliver treatments and interventions in people with opioid use disorder in a way that reduces such risk. We consider opportunities for predictive analytics and routinely collected administrative data to evaluate how overdose could be reduced among people with opioid use disorder. Specifically, we summarise global trends in opioid use and overdoses; describe the use of big data in research into opioid overdose; consider the potential for predictive modelling, including machine learning, for prevention and monitoring of opioid overdoses; and outline the challenges and risks relating to the use of big data and machine learning in reducing harms that are related to opioid use. Future research for improving the coverage and provision of existing interventions, treatments, and resources for opioid use disorder requires collaboration of multiple agencies. Predictive modelling could transport the concept of stratified medicine to public health through novel methods, such as predictive modelling and emulated trials for evaluating diagnoses and prognoses of opioid use disorder, predicting treatment response, and providing targeted treatment recommendations.
MeSH term(s)	Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage ; Big Data ; Drug Overdose/etiology ; Drug Overdose/mortality ; Drug Overdose/prevention & control ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Machine Learning ; Models, Statistical ; Opioid Epidemic ; Opioid-Related Disorders/mortality
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	2589-7500
ISSN (online)	2589-7500
DOI	10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00058-3
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Framing public health response to the opioid and overdose crisis: are there alternatives to cascade of care model?

Høj, Stine Bordier / Bruneau, Julie / Hickman, Matthew

European journal of public health

2021 Volume 31, Issue 4, Page(s) 670–671

MeSH term(s)	Analgesics, Opioid ; Drug Overdose/drug therapy ; Drug Overdose/epidemiology ; Humans ; Public Health
Chemical Substances	Analgesics, Opioid
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1129243-x
ISSN	1464-360X ; 1101-1262
ISSN (online)	1464-360X
ISSN	1101-1262
DOI	10.1093/eurpub/ckab031
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 3499: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Understanding adolescent health risk behaviour and socioeconomic position: A grounded theory study of UK young adults.

Tinner, Laura / Caldwell, Deborah / Hickman, Matthew / Campbell, Rona

Sociology of health & illness

2021 Volume 43, Issue 2, Page(s) 528–544

Abstract: Health risk behaviours such as tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, unhealthy diet and unprotected sexual intercourse contribute to the global burden of non-communicable diseases and are often initiated in adolescence. An ... ...

Abstract	Health risk behaviours such as tobacco smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, drug use, unhealthy diet and unprotected sexual intercourse contribute to the global burden of non-communicable diseases and are often initiated in adolescence. An individualistic focus on 'health risk behaviours' has resulted in behaviour change strategies that are potentially ineffective and increase inequalities. We conducted a grounded theory study of 25 young adults to increase the limited qualitative evidence base surrounding young people, health risk behaviours and socioeconomic inequalities. We found that health risk behaviours were perceived as class markers, manifesting as class stigma, leading some participants from lower socioeconomic backgrounds to employ strategies to avoid such behaviours. Peers and family were core constructs for understanding the relationship between health risk behaviours and socioeconomic life trajectories. However, individualism and choice were consistently expressed as the overriding narrative for understanding health risk behaviour and socioeconomic position during the transition to adulthood. The use of 'personal responsibility' discourse by young adults, we argue, highlights the need for a public health focus on achieving structural changes as opposed to individualised approaches to avoid reinforcing neoliberal ideologies that serve to marginalise and maintain social inequalities.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Grounded Theory ; Health Risk Behaviors ; Humans ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders ; United Kingdom ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	795552-2
ISSN	1467-9566 ; 0141-9889
ISSN (online)	1467-9566
ISSN	0141-9889
DOI	10.1111/1467-9566.13240
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