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Article ; Online: Sensitivity of Foodborne Bacteria (Spoilage and Pathogenic) to a Methanol-Acetone Extract of Milk Fermented by Streptococcus thermophilus.

Sikes, A / Hilton, T

2019 Volume 50, Issue 10, Page(s) 812–814

Abstract: Effects of an inhibitory methanol-acetone (MA) extract of Streptococcus thermophilus -fermented milk was tested on growth of Salmonella enteritidis , two strains of Staphylococcus aureus (types A and E), two strains of Clostridium perfringens (types A ... ...

Abstract	Effects of an inhibitory methanol-acetone (MA) extract of Streptococcus thermophilus -fermented milk was tested on growth of Salmonella enteritidis , two strains of Staphylococcus aureus (types A and E), two strains of Clostridium perfringens (types A and C) and Pseudomonas fluorescens . Each organism was tested at three levels of the extract, e.g., 250, 500 and 1000 ppm. Results indicated that the degree of sensitivity among the test organisms varied. C. perfringens (C) was the most sensitive, with a mean % inhibition (average % inhibition over the three MA extract concentrations) of 73.3, while S. enteritidis was the least sensitive (mean % inhibition = 51.8) to the extract. The differences between the mean % inhibition of P. fluorescens (65.4), S. aureus (A) (64.8), and C. perfringens (A) (62.2) were not significant (P>0.05); however, the sensitivity of these three organisms to the extract was significantly less (P<0.05) than C. perfringens (C) but significantly greater (P<0.05) than S. aureus (E) and S. enteritidis .
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-04-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243284-5
ISSN	1944-9097 ; 0362-028X
ISSN (online)	1944-9097
ISSN	0362-028X
DOI	10.4315/0362-028X-50.10.812
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Article ; Online: How a tragedy became a catalyst for sustainable improvement in medicine safety.

Qaiser, Marium / Hilton, Trudi / Saeed Bukhari, Syed Khalid / Zloh, Mire / Phanouvong, Souly

The Lancet. Global health

2024 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) e376–e377

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	2723488-5
ISSN	2214-109X ; 2214-109X
ISSN (online)	2214-109X
ISSN	2214-109X
DOI	10.1016/S2214-109X(24)00026-3
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Article ; Online: Extended Resin Composite Restorations: Techniques and Procedures.

Loomans, B / Hilton, T

Operative dentistry

2016 Volume 41, Issue S7, Page(s) S58–S67

Abstract: This article gives an overview of the state of the art of different restorative treatment procedures and techniques needed for placing extended posterior resin composite restorations. Clinical aspects related to the procedure are discussed and reviewed ... ...

Abstract	This article gives an overview of the state of the art of different restorative treatment procedures and techniques needed for placing extended posterior resin composite restorations. Clinical aspects related to the procedure are discussed and reviewed based on the current literature, such as the use of proper adhesive restorative materials, use of liners and bases, moisture control, reconstruction of proximal contacts, extended resin composite restorations, and techniques to address restoring teeth with deep subgingival margins.
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	752995-8
ISSN	1559-2863 ; 0361-7734
ISSN (online)	1559-2863
ISSN	0361-7734
DOI	10.2341/15-212-LIT
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Article ; Online: Uveitis and Posterior Ophthalmic Manifestations Following the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Vaccine.

Patel, Kishan G / Hilton, Taylor / Choi, Rene Y / Abbey, Ashkan M

Ocular immunology and inflammation

2022 Volume 30, Issue 5, Page(s) 1142–1148

Abstract: Purpose: To present four cases of posterior ophthalmic manifestations associated with a temporal relationship to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.: Methods: Retrospective case series with a review of clinical findings.: Results: Four patients presented with ...

Abstract	Purpose: To present four cases of posterior ophthalmic manifestations associated with a temporal relationship to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Methods: Retrospective case series with a review of clinical findings. Results: Four patients presented with various posterior ophthalmic findings including uveitis, maculopathy, and optic neuropathy. Each of their clinical courses varied in terms of ophthalmic imaging and exam findings. Conclusion: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has ushered in a new wave of challenges to healthcare, epidemiological endeavors, and widespread vaccination efforts. Novel vaccines have been developed for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, including both mRNA and viral vector-based platforms. The ocular manifestations and side effects related to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is not well established or understood. There may be an association between vaccination and posterior ophthalmic manifestations.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Retrospective Studies ; RNA, Messenger ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Uveitis/chemically induced ; Uveitis/diagnosis ; Vaccination ; Viral Vaccines
Chemical Substances	COVID-19 Vaccines ; RNA, Messenger ; Viral Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1193873-0
ISSN	1744-5078 ; 0927-3948
ISSN (online)	1744-5078
ISSN	0927-3948
DOI	10.1080/09273948.2022.2079533
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Article ; Online: Authors' response.

Hilton, Thomas / Ferracane, Jack L / Funkhouser, Ellen

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)

2021 Volume 152, Issue 6, Page(s) 424

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Tooth Fractures
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	220622-5
ISSN	1943-4723 ; 0002-8177 ; 1048-6364
ISSN (online)	1943-4723
ISSN	0002-8177 ; 1048-6364
DOI	10.1016/j.adaj.2021.04.011
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Article: The incidence and outcome of chondral tumours as incidental findings on investigation of shoulder pathology.

Jassim, S S / Hilton, T / Saifuddin, A / Pollock, R

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

2019 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 97–102

Abstract: Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe outcomes of incidental chondral tumours in the shoulder referred to our Bone Tumour Unit (BTU).: Methods: Our hospital radiology database was searched using the filtered terms "enchondroma", "low-grade ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe outcomes of incidental chondral tumours in the shoulder referred to our Bone Tumour Unit (BTU). Methods: Our hospital radiology database was searched using the filtered terms "enchondroma", "low-grade chondral tumour", "chondrosarcoma" with "humerus", "arm", "shoulder", "scapula" and "clavicle". Case note review of results assessed primary reasons for referral, radiological diagnosis, recommended management with subsequent reviews and outcomes, either in clinic or surveillance scan reports. Results: Ninety-nine patients had full case note review, mean age 54.5 years (range 18-84 years). Mean follow-up was 41.7 months (range 1-265 months). Over 50% of patients were referred for shoulder pain. Three patients had high-grade chondrosarcoma. Forty-three patients had interval scans, none showing any changes. Thirty-five patients had surgery for their lesions with one recurrence. Forty-four patients had alternative diagnoses made on clinical and radiological examination. At most recent follow-up, 70% of these patients were asymptomatic after physiotherapy/surgical attention to their alternative diagnoses. Conclusions: Chondral lesions in the shoulder have low risk of malignant transformation and are rarely responsible for shoulder symptoms. We recommend patients be referred to a dedicated BTU for surveillance if there are any concerning features, but to proceed with management for any alternative diagnosis.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Bone Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Bone Neoplasms/pathology ; Bone Neoplasms/surgery ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/pathology ; Chondroma/diagnostic imaging ; Chondroma/epidemiology ; Chondroma/pathology ; Chondroma/surgery ; Chondrosarcoma/diagnostic imaging ; Chondrosarcoma/epidemiology ; Chondrosarcoma/pathology ; Chondrosarcoma/surgery ; Databases, Factual ; Female ; Humans ; Incidental Findings ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Distribution ; Shoulder Joint/diagnostic imaging ; Shoulder Joint/pathology ; Shoulder Joint/surgery ; Survival Rate ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-17
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1231084-0
ISSN	1432-1068 ; 1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
ISSN (online)	1432-1068
ISSN	1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
DOI	10.1007/s00590-019-02532-1
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Article: Services marketing chapter

Hilton, Toni

The marketing book , p. 469-493

2016 , Page(s) 469–493

Author's details	Toni Hilton
Language	English
Publisher	Routledge
Publishing place	London
Document type	Article
ISBN	978-0-415-70377-2 ; 0-415-70377-8
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article ; Online: Filling the gap: a series of 3D-printed titanium truss cages for the management of large, lower limb bone defects in a developing country setting.

Gamieldien, Hammaad / Ferreira, Nando / Birkholtz, Franz Friedrich / Hilton, Thomas / Campbell, Neil / Laubscher, Maritz

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

2022 Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 497–505

Abstract: Introduction: Large segmental long bone defects are notoriously difficult to manage. Treatment is resource-intensive due to the complexity, cost, and specialized skills required. Truss designs are known for their triangular shapes organized in web ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Large segmental long bone defects are notoriously difficult to manage. Treatment is resource-intensive due to the complexity, cost, and specialized skills required. Truss designs are known for their triangular shapes organized in web configurations. This allows for maximal mechanical strength, the least mass, and a lattice that can be filled with bone graft. Using a truss cage combined with contemporary internal fixation provides immediate stability for bone ingrowth and long-term potential union. The implant is designed using virtual 3D modelling of the patient's bone defect based on a CT scan. The truss cage can be used in a staged procedure combined with Masquelet's induced membrane technique. This study aims to review the outcomes of patient-specific, locally designed 3D titanium truss cages packed with cancellous autograft in treating segmental, long bone defects in the lower limb in a developing country setting. Methods: This retrospective series reviewed cases performed at various institutions between January 2019 and March 2022. Parameters assessed included patient demographics, size and location of the defect, time to clinical and radiological union and complications. Results: Nine cases were included for review, with a mean age of 36 years (range 19-52). Defects ranged from 60 to 205 mm, and eight cases were staged procedures. Eight cases used intramedullary reamings as bone graft. Contemporary intramedullary nails were used for fixation in all cases. No peri- or post-operative complications occurred. All cases progressed to functional union. Conclusion: 3D-printed titanium truss cages combined with bone graft appear to be an effective treatment of large bone defects in the lower limb in a developing country setting in the short term. No complications were encountered, but longer follow-up is needed before definitive recommendations can be made. Level of evidence: Level IV (retrospective case series).
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Titanium ; Retrospective Studies ; Developing Countries ; Lower Extremity ; Printing, Three-Dimensional
Chemical Substances	Titanium (D1JT611TNE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-16
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1231084-0
ISSN	1432-1068 ; 1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
ISSN (online)	1432-1068
ISSN	1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
DOI	10.1007/s00590-022-03434-5
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Article ; Online: Developing an antibiogram for empiric antibiotic prescribing for adult non-spinal orthopaedic infections in a developing world setting.

Arakkal, Ashley / Centner, Chad M / Hilton, Thomas / Nortje, Marc / Held, Michael / Roche, Stephen / Brink, Adrian J / Mendelson, Marc / Laubscher, Maritz

European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie

2023 Volume 34, Issue 2, Page(s) 815–821

Abstract: Purpose: Empiric antibiotic strategies in the treatment of fracture-related infections, chronic osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, and septic arthritis should be based on local microbiological antibiograms. This study aims to describe the ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Empiric antibiotic strategies in the treatment of fracture-related infections, chronic osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, and septic arthritis should be based on local microbiological antibiograms. This study aims to describe the microbiology and review the antibiogram profiles of bacterial isolates from patients undergoing surgical treatment for non-spinal orthopaedic infections, to identify the most appropriate empiric antibiotic strategy. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of all cases of non-spinal orthopaedic infections treated surgically from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018. The National Health Laboratory Service microbiology database was used to identify all intra-operative microbiological specimens obtained from orthopaedic patients, and data were correlated with the orthopaedic surgical database. Cases were divided into fracture-related infections, chronic osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, and septic arthritis. Antibiotic susceptibility data were used to predict the efficacy of different empiric antibiotic regimens. Results: A total of 107 cases were included in the study; 184 organisms were cultured. Overall, the most common organism cultured was Staphylococcus aureus (25%) followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (9%), Enterococcus faecalis (7%) and Enterobacter cloacae (5%). Across all categories the oral antibiotic combination with the highest effectiveness (81%) would have been a combination of co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin. The most effective intravenous antibiotic combination would have been either piperacillin-tazobactam, amikacin and vancomycin or meropenem and vancomycin; 90% of tested isolates were susceptible to either of these combinations. Conclusion: Antibiogram profiles can serve to guide to empiric antibiotic choice in the management of different categories of non-spinal orthopaedic infections.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Vancomycin ; Orthopedics ; Osteomyelitis/drug therapy ; Arthritis, Infectious/drug therapy ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Retrospective Studies
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Vancomycin (6Q205EH1VU)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-15
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1231084-0
ISSN	1432-1068 ; 1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
ISSN (online)	1432-1068
ISSN	1633-8065 ; 0948-4817 ; 0940-3264
DOI	10.1007/s00590-023-03718-4
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Article ; Online: Life Expectancy After Treatment of Metastatic Bone Disease: An International Trend Analysis.

Rogers, Davis L / Raad, Micheal / Rivera, Julio A / Wedin, Rikard / Laitinen, Minna / Sørensen, Michala S / Petersen, Michael M / Hilton, Thomas / Morris, Carol D / Levin, Adam S / Forsberg, Jonathan A

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons

2024 Volume 32, Issue 6, Page(s) e293–e301

Abstract: Introduction: The decision to treat metastatic bone disease (MBD) surgically depends in part on patient life expectancy. We are unaware of an international analysis of how life expectancy among these patients has changed over time. Therefore, we asked ( ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The decision to treat metastatic bone disease (MBD) surgically depends in part on patient life expectancy. We are unaware of an international analysis of how life expectancy among these patients has changed over time. Therefore, we asked (1) how has the life expectancy for patients treated for MBD changed over time, and (2) which, if any, of the common primary cancer types are associated with longer survival after treatment of MBD? Methods: We reviewed data collected from 2000 to 2022 in an international MBD database, as well as data used for survival model validation. We included 3,353 adults who underwent surgery and/or radiation. No patients were excluded. Patients were grouped by treatment date into period 1 (2000 to 2009), period 2 (2010 to 2019), and period 3 (2020 to 2022). Cumulative survival was portrayed using Kaplan-Meier curves; log-rank tests were used to determine significance at P < 0.05. Subgroup analyses by primary cancer diagnosis were performed. Results: Median survival in period 2 was longer than in period 1 ( P < 0.001). Median survival (at which point 50% of patients survived) had not been reached for period 3. Median survival was longer in period 2 for all cancer types ( P < 0.001) except thyroid. Only lung cancer reached median survival in period 3, which was longer compared with periods 1 and 2 ( P < 0.001). Slow-growth, moderate-growth, and rapid-growth tumors all demonstrated longer median survival from period 1 to period 2; only rapid-growth tumors reached median survival for period 3, which was longer compared with periods 1 and 2 ( P < 0.001). Discussion: Median duration of survival after treatment of MBD has increased, which was a consistent finding in nearly all cancer types. Longer survival is likely attributable to improvements in both medical and surgical treatments. As life expectancy for patients with MBD increases, surgical methods should be selected with this in mind. Level of evidence: VI.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Bone Diseases ; Bone Neoplasms/surgery ; Life Expectancy ; Lung Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1200524-1
ISSN	1940-5480 ; 1067-151X
ISSN (online)	1940-5480
ISSN	1067-151X
DOI	10.5435/JAAOS-D-23-00332
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