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Article ; Online: Factors associated with female age at first marriage: An analysis using all waves of the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey.

Rasul, Afza / Nasir, Jamal Abdul / Akhtar, Sohail / Hinde, Andrew

2022 Volume 17, Issue 3, Page(s) e0264505

Abstract: In conventional Muslim societies, fertility occurs within the marital union. Therefore, fertility outcomes depend on females' age at first marriage (AFM). The present study explores the pattern of AFM in Pakistan, analyses of which are scarce in the ... ...

Abstract	In conventional Muslim societies, fertility occurs within the marital union. Therefore, fertility outcomes depend on females' age at first marriage (AFM). The present study explores the pattern of AFM in Pakistan, analyses of which are scarce in the literature. We aim to identify the factors associated with the AFM among currently married women in Pakistan. Demographic factors like birth cohort, and socioeconomic and cultural factors such as province and place of residence, education level, whether or not a woman had ever worked before marriage, ethnicity, and husband's education were studied to explore the pattern of female AFM. Data were taken from the Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PDHSs) of 2012-13 and 2017-18, and a comparison was made with the findings from the earlier PDHSs of 1990-91 and 2006-07. The analysis concentrates on women born between 1941 and 1992, aged between 25 and 49 years during the data collection periods. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to assess the difference between the mean AFM for different sub-groups of the population. To identify the covariates that are associated with AFM multiple linear regression models were estimated. We observed a gradually increasing trend in female AFM over time among women born after 1950. The ANOVA results revealed that birth cohort, province, and place of residence, female education level, whether or not a woman had ever worked before marriage, ethnicity, and husband's education were significantly associated with AFM (p-values < 0.05). In a multiple regression model, we found that the birth cohort significantly affects the AFM (p-value < 0.05). Having worked before marriage is associated with a statistically significant one-year rise in the AFM. Interestingly, all other ethnic groups have lower AFM compared with women whose mother language was Punjabi. Education has a highly significant effect on the AFM: the regression results revealed that uneducated females have a mean AFM 4 to 5 years lower than highly educated women. The results also revealed that educated men marry older women as compared to uneducated men. We conclude that the education of females and even males in Pakistan could lead to a rise in the female AFM.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Educational Status ; Female ; Fertility ; Humans ; Male ; Marriage ; Middle Aged ; Pakistan ; Population Dynamics ; Socioeconomic Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0264505
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in β-thalassemia patients in Pakistan: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Akhtar, Sohail / Nasir, Jamal Abdul / Hinde, Andrew

BMC public health

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 587

Abstract: Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is the most commonly reported bloodborne infection in Pakistan. Frequent blood transfusions in β-thalassemia patients expose them to a high risk of HCV infection. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Hepatitis C virus infection is the most commonly reported bloodborne infection in Pakistan. Frequent blood transfusions in β-thalassemia patients expose them to a high risk of HCV infection. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the current data on the prevalence of HCV infection in β-thalassemia patients in Pakistan by using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Sciences, the Cochrane Library, Directory of Open Access Journal and local databases were systematically searched for studies published between January 1st, 1995 and May 31st, 2019. Meta-analysis was performed using the DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models with inverse variance weighting. The presence of publication bias was tested by Egger test, and the methodological quality of each included article was evaluated by the STROBE. Results: We identified a total of 229 potential studies, of which 27 studies were finally considered in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HCV in β-thalassemia patients in Pakistan was 36.21% (95% CI: 28.98-43.75%) based on 5789 β-thalassemia patients, but there was considerable heterogeneity. Meta-analysis estimated the HCV prevalence among the β-thalassemia patients at 45.98% (95% CI: 38.15-53.90%) in Punjab, 31.81% (95% CI: 20.27-44.59%) in Sindh, and 28.04% (95% CI: 13.58-45.26%) in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Meta-regression analysis showed that geographical location was a key source of heterogeneity. Conclusions: The pooled prevalence of HCV in β-thalassemia patients in Pakistan was more than one in three, and higher than in neighbouring countries. It varies regionally within the country. With the use of standard prevention procedures during blood transfusion, the risk of HCV transmission in β-thalassemia patients could be controlled and the prevalence of HCV in β-thalassemia patients reduced.
MeSH term(s)	Hepatitis C/epidemiology ; Humans ; Pakistan/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; beta-Thalassemia/epidemiology ; beta-Thalassemia/therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review
ISSN	1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-020-8414-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Social inequalities in low birthweight outcomes in Sri Lanka: evidence from the Demographic and Health Survey 2016.

Abeywickrama, Gayathri / S Padmadas, Sabu / Hinde, Andrew

BMJ open

2020 Volume 10, Issue 5, Page(s) e037223

Abstract: Objective: To investigate social inequalities underlying low birthweight (LBW) outcomes in Sri Lanka.: Design: Cross-sectional study.: Setting: This study used the Sri Lanka Demographic and Health Survey 2016, the first such survey to cover the ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To investigate social inequalities underlying low birthweight (LBW) outcomes in Sri Lanka. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: This study used the Sri Lanka Demographic and Health Survey 2016, the first such survey to cover the entire country since the Civil War ended in 2001. Participants: Birthweight data extracted from the child health development records available for 7713 babies born between January 2011 and the date of interview in 2016. Outcome measures: The main outcome variable was birth weight, classified as LBW (≤2500 g) and normal. Methods: We applied random intercept three-level logistic regression to examine the association between LBW and maternal, socioeconomic and geographic variables. Concentration indices were estimated for different population subgroups. Results: The population-level prevalence of LBW was 16.9% but was significantly higher in the estate sector (28.4%) compared with rural (16.6%) and urban (13.6%) areas. Negative concentration indices suggest a relatively higher concentration of LBW in poor households in rural areas and the estate sector. Results from fixed effects logistic regression models confirmed our hypothesis of significantly higher risk of LBW outcomes across poorer households and Indian Tamil communities (AOR 1.70, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.83, p<0.05). Results from random intercept models confirmed there was substantial unobserved variation in LBW outcomes at the mother level. The effect of maternal biological variables was larger than that of socioeconomic factors. Conclusion: LBW rates are significantly higher among babies born in poorer households and Indian Tamil communities. The findings highlight the need for nutrition interventions targeting pregnant women of Indian Tamil ethnicity and those living in economically deprived households.
MeSH term(s)	Birth Weight ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Infant, Newborn ; Pregnancy ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Sri Lanka/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037223
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: A review of methods for identifying mortality 'crises' using parish record data.

Hinde, Andrew

Local population studies

2010 , Issue 84, Page(s) 82–92

MeSH term(s)	Burial/history ; England ; History, 16th Century ; History, 17th Century ; History, 18th Century ; Humans ; Mortality/history ; Records as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2010
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ISSN	0143-2974
ISSN	0143-2974
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Demographic Methods

Hinde, Andrew

2014

Abstract: First published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa ... ...

Abstract	First published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company
Language	English
Size	Online-Ressource (320 p)
Publisher	Taylor and Francis
Publishing place	Hoboken
Document type	Book ; Online
Note	Description based upon print version of record
ISBN	9780340718919 ; 0340718919
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of the 'Back-to-Sleep' campaigns among healthcare professionals in the past 20 years: a systematic review.

de Luca, Federico / Hinde, Andrew

BMJ open

2016 Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) e011435

Abstract: Objectives: From the late 1980s 'Back-to-Sleep' (BTS) campaigns were run in most developed countries to increase awareness of the supine position's protective effect against sleep-related infant deaths. Once the media awareness-raising action associated ...

Abstract	Objectives: From the late 1980s 'Back-to-Sleep' (BTS) campaigns were run in most developed countries to increase awareness of the supine position's protective effect against sleep-related infant deaths. Once the media awareness-raising action associated with these campaigns ended, healthcare professionals' role became crucial. The goal of this paper is to determine if healthcare professionals' knowledge and parent advice consistent with evidence-based infant sleep recommendations have changed over the past 20 years. Setting: All studies investigating healthcare professionals' knowledge and/or advice to parents were included in a systematic review. The search was performed in PubMed and in MEDLINE, and 21 studies were identified. Results: The correctness of healthcare professionals' knowledge and parent advice about the supine sleeping position increased over the past 20 years. However, the percentage of those aware that parents should avoid putting their babies to sleep in a prone position is decreasing over time: from about 97% in the 1990s to about 90% at the end of the 2000s. Conclusions: The effectiveness of the BTS campaigns in publicising the benefits of the supine position is confirmed by this paper. More and more healthcare professionals know that it is the best position to reduce the risk of sleep-related deaths and they recommend it exclusively. However, the decrease in the knowledge about non-prone positions suggests that the campaigns may not have focused enough on the dangers of the prone position.
MeSH term(s)	Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Personnel ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Prone Position ; Sleep
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-09-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2747269-3
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2053-3624
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011435
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Article: Why was Infant Mortality so High in Eastern England in the mid Nineteenth Century?

Hinde, Andrew / Fairhurst, Victoria

Local population studies

2015 , Issue 94, Page(s) 48–66

Abstract: This paper re-examines the high rates of infant mortality observed in rural areas of eastern England in the early years of civil registration. Infant mortality rates in some rural registration districts in the East Riding of Yorkshire, Cambridgeshire and ...

Abstract	This paper re-examines the high rates of infant mortality observed in rural areas of eastern England in the early years of civil registration. Infant mortality rates in some rural registration districts in the East Riding of Yorkshire, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk were higher than those in the mill towns of Lancashire. After describing the areas affected, this paper considers three potential explanations: environmental factors, poor-quality child care associated with the employment of women in agriculture, and the possibility that the high rates were the artefactual consequence of migrant women workers bringing their children to these areas. These explanations are then assessed using a range of evidence. In the absence of reliable cause of death data, recourse is had to three alternative approaches. The first involves the use of the exceptionally detailed tabulations of ages at death within the first year of life provided in the Registrar General's Annual Reports for the 1840s to assess whether the 'excess' infant deaths in rural areas of eastern England happened in the immediate post-natal period or later in the first year of life. Second, data on the seasonality of mortality in the 1840s are examined to see whether the zone of 'excess' infant mortality manifested a distinctive seasonal pattern. Finally, a regression approach is employed involving the addition of covariates to regression models. The conclusion is that no single factor was responsible for the 'excess' infant mortality, but a plausible account can be constructed which blends elements of all three of the potential explanations mentioned above with the specific historical context of these areas of eastern England.
MeSH term(s)	England ; Environment ; Farmers/history ; History, 19th Century ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Care/history ; Infant Mortality/history ; Transients and Migrants/history
Language	English
Publishing date	2015
Publishing country	England
Document type	Historical Article ; Journal Article
ISSN	0143-2974
ISSN	0143-2974
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Article ; Online: Jewish mortality reconsidered.

Staetsky, Laura Daniel / Hinde, Andrew

Journal of biosocial science

2015 Volume 47, Issue 3, Page(s) 376–401

Abstract: It is known that mortality of Jews is different from the mortality of the populations that surround them. However, the existence of commonalities in mortality of different Jewish communities across the world has not received scholarly attention. This ... ...

Abstract	It is known that mortality of Jews is different from the mortality of the populations that surround them. However, the existence of commonalities in mortality of different Jewish communities across the world has not received scholarly attention. This paper aims to identify common features of the evolution of Jewish mortality among Jews living in Israel and the Diaspora. In the paper the mortality of Jews in Israel is systematically compared with the mortality of the populations of developed countries, and the findings from the earlier studies of mortality of Jews in selected Diaspora communities are re-examined. The outcome is a re-formulation and extension of the notion of the 'Jewish pattern of mortality'. The account of this pattern is based on the consistently low level of behaviourally induced mortality, the migration history of Jewish populations and the enduring influence of early-life conditions on mortality at older ages.
MeSH term(s)	Europe, Eastern/ethnology ; Female ; Humans ; Israel ; Jews/statistics & numerical data ; Mortality ; North America/ethnology ; Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390961-x
ISSN	1469-7599 ; 0021-9320
ISSN (online)	1469-7599
ISSN	0021-9320
DOI	10.1017/S0021932014000133
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Book ; Online: Heights across the last 2000 years in England

Galofré-Vilà, Gregori / Guntupalli, Aravinda / Hinde, Andrew

(Discussion papers in economic and social history ; number 151 (January 2017))

2017

Author's details	Gregori Galofré-Vilà, Andrew Hinde and Aravinda Guntupalli
Series title	Discussion papers in economic and social history ; number 151 (January 2017)
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
Publisher	University of Oxford
Publishing place	Oxford
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article ; Online: Is recent Afghanistan survey data suitable for fertility analysis? A regional investigation based on fertility inhibiting determinants.

Nasir, Jamal Abdul / Akhtar, Sohail / Ahmed Zaidi, Syed Arif / Rani, Andleeb / Bano, Hina / Hinde, Andrew

PloS one

2019 Volume 14, Issue 10, Page(s) e0223111

Abstract: Afghanistan has been a country blighted by war over the past five decades and limited research is available on its demography. This study seeks to assess the suitability of recent survey data for Afghanistan (the 2010 Afghanistan Mortality Survey (AMS) ... ...

Abstract	Afghanistan has been a country blighted by war over the past five decades and limited research is available on its demography. This study seeks to assess the suitability of recent survey data for Afghanistan (the 2010 Afghanistan Mortality Survey (AMS)and the 2015 Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (ADHS)) for estimating levels and trends in fertility. As several fertility measures rely on the quality of age data, we first apply demographic tools for the identification of age misreporting, finding evidence that it is severe. We then explore the consistency of fertility reporting across the two surveys, finding that the 2015 ADHS reports higher fertility among older women than the 2010 AMS although the seasonal pattern of fertility is consistent across the two surveys. We then estimate total fertility rates in 2008-2010 and 2012-2015 and measures of Bongaarts's key proximate determinants of fertility for Afghanistan and its provinces for urban and rural areas separately. The results show that fertility is similar in urban and rural Afghanistan. Although most of the provincial data on the proximate determinants is reasonably consistent with the fertility rates, there are anomalies in some provinces which indicate the possible under-reporting of births. Overall, we conclude that the fertility data in the two surveys can be used with care to give an indication of broad regional fertility patterns and trends in the country.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Afghanistan/epidemiology ; Birth Rate ; Developing Countries/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Fertility ; Health Surveys/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Population Dynamics ; Rural Population/statistics & numerical data ; Urban Population/statistics & numerical data ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-10-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0223111
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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