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  1. Article ; Online: Radiocesium-bearing microparticles found in dry deposition fallout samples immediately after the Fukushima nuclear accident in the Kanto region, Japan

    Yuki Takaku / Shogo Higaki / Masahiro Hirota / Hiroyuki Kagi

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract Radiocesium released by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident still exists in the environment in two forms: adsorbed species on mineral particles in the soil and microparticles containing radiocesium mainly composed of ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Radiocesium released by the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident still exists in the environment in two forms: adsorbed species on mineral particles in the soil and microparticles containing radiocesium mainly composed of silicate glass (CsMPs). CsMPs are dispersed not only around the FDNPP but also over a wide area of the Kanto region. The behavior and characteristics of CsMPs must be investigated to evaluate the impact of the FDNPP accident. Deposited particles including radiocesium were wiped from metal handrails on balconies and car hoods using tissue papers at six locations in the Kanto region (Tokai village, Ushiku City, Abiko City, Chiba City, Kawaguchi City, and Arakawa Ward) between March 15 and 21, 2011. CsMPs were isolated from the samples, and their characteristics were investigated. In total, 106 CsMPs derived from Unit 2 were successfully separated from 13 tissue paper samples. The radiation images of the two types of CsMPs discovered in Ushiku City demonstrate that CsMPs can easily become susceptible to fragmentation over time, even in the absence of weathering effects.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Iron-rich Smectite Formation in Subseafloor Basaltic Lava in Aged Oceanic Crust

    Seiya Yamashita / Hiroki Mukai / Naotaka Tomioka / Hiroyuki Kagi / Yohey Suzuki

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Basalt weathering in oceanic crust controls long-term elemental cycling on Earth. It is unknown whether basalt weathering tends to continue in unsedimented oceanic crust with formation ages of >10–20 million years (Ma), when fluid circulation is ...

    Abstract Abstract Basalt weathering in oceanic crust controls long-term elemental cycling on Earth. It is unknown whether basalt weathering tends to continue in unsedimented oceanic crust with formation ages of >10–20 million years (Ma), when fluid circulation is restricted by the formation of secondary minerals in fractures/veins. We investigated basalt weathering in 13.5-, 33.5- and 104-Ma oceanic crust below the South Pacific Gyre by combining bulk and in-situ clay mineral characterisations. Here we show the formation of iron-rich smectite at the rims of fractures/veins in 33.5-Ma and 104-Ma core samples from depths as great as 121 metres below the seafloor. In contrast, iron-rich smectite formation was not observed in three 13.5-Ma core samples, which suggests that iron-rich smectite formation may be affected by the dilution of aqueous silica supplied from basalt dissolution by actively circulating fluid. As iron-rich smectite from the 33.5-Ma and 104-Ma core samples was more enriched in Mg and K than that typically found at hydrothermal mounds, iron-rich smectite formation appears to result from basalt weathering rather than hydrothermal alteration. Our results suggest that unsedimented basaltic basement is permeable and reactive to host microbial life in aged oceanic crust on Earth and possibly in the deep subsurface on Mars.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Experimental evidence for the existence of a second partially-ordered phase of ice VI

    Ryo Yamane / Kazuki Komatsu / Jun Gouchi / Yoshiya Uwatoko / Shinichi Machida / Takanori Hattori / Hayate Ito / Hiroyuki Kagi

    Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 6

    Abstract: Water ice exhibits several hydrogen-ordered and disordered phases and it’s unclear if a disordered phase can transform into only one ordered phase. Here, the authors identify a partially hydrogen-ordered phase at high pressure, ice XIX, as the second ... ...

    Abstract Water ice exhibits several hydrogen-ordered and disordered phases and it’s unclear if a disordered phase can transform into only one ordered phase. Here, the authors identify a partially hydrogen-ordered phase at high pressure, ice XIX, as the second hydrogen-ordered phase of ice VI beside ice XV.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Author Correction

    Ryo Yamane / Kazuki Komatsu / Jun Gouchi / Yoshiya Uwatoko / Shinichi Machida / Takanori Hattori / Hayate Ito / Hiroyuki Kagi

    Nature Communications, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    Experimental evidence for the existence of a second partially-ordered phase of ice VI

    2021  Volume 1

    Abstract: A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22085- ... ...

    Abstract A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22085-4
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
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  5. Article ; Online: Drastic effect of shearing on graphite microtexture

    Yui Kouketsu / Akira Miyake / Yohei Igami / Tomoki Taguchi / Hiroyuki Kagi / Masaki Enami

    Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, Vol 6, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    attention and application to Earth science

    2019  Volume 12

    Abstract: Abstract The microtexture of graphite exposed on the polished surface was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, and focused ion beam–transmission electron microscopy (FIB–TEM) to elucidate the effect on surface ... ...

    Abstract Abstract The microtexture of graphite exposed on the polished surface was studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy, laser Raman spectroscopy, and focused ion beam–transmission electron microscopy (FIB–TEM) to elucidate the effect on surface condition and crystallinity of graphite by polishing process. The polished surface of the graphite was divided into a flat part with no irregularities and a grooved band with a width of < 1 μm and a depth of < 100 nm. Raman analyses revealed that the original structure of the graphite covered by the host mineral was a well-ordered graphite, whereas the polished graphite at the surface had a reduced crystallinity, particularly in the flat part of the sample. Based on scanning TEM observations of an ultra-thin FIB section, fractures that developed during sample preparation were concentrated in the region extending from the surface to a depth of 1 μm. Furthermore, graphite sheets were peeled away by shearing, with scraped graphite sheets filling in the gap. Our results demonstrate that the original microtexture of graphite was easily deformed by shearing during polishing, and careful attention should be paid to sample preparation. In addition, we also need to pay more attention to the effects of natural shearing such as faulting on the graphite or sheet-like minerals.
    Keywords Graphite ; Shearing ; Microtexture ; Confocal laser scanning microscope ; Raman spectroscopy ; FIB–TEM ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G ; Geology ; QE1-996.5
    Subject code 530
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Super-hydration and reduction of manganese oxide minerals at shallow terrestrial depths

    Seohee Yun / Huijeong Hwang / Gilchan Hwang / Yeongkyoo Kim / Douglas Blom / Thomas Vogt / Jeffrey E. Post / Tae-Yeol Jeon / Tae Joo Shin / Dong-Zhou Zhang / Hiroyuki Kagi / Yongjae Lee

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: The enigmatic relationship of birnessite and buserite, the two most representative phases in submarine nodules, has been established to reveal that buserite is a super-hydrated form of birnessite, forming at shallow terrestrial depth in the presence of ... ...

    Abstract The enigmatic relationship of birnessite and buserite, the two most representative phases in submarine nodules, has been established to reveal that buserite is a super-hydrated form of birnessite, forming at shallow terrestrial depth in the presence of water
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
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  7. Article ; Online: Ice Ic without stacking disorder by evacuating hydrogen from hydrogen hydrate

    Kazuki Komatsu / Shinichi Machida / Fumiya Noritake / Takanori Hattori / Asami Sano-Furukawa / Ryo Yamane / Keishiro Yamashita / Hiroyuki Kagi

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 5

    Abstract: Metastable cubic ice has been identified in several conditions relevant to geo and astrochemistry, but was always characterized by stacking disorder. Here the authors synthesize a hydrogen hydrate and degas hydrogen, obtaining pure non-defected cubic ice, ...

    Abstract Metastable cubic ice has been identified in several conditions relevant to geo and astrochemistry, but was always characterized by stacking disorder. Here the authors synthesize a hydrogen hydrate and degas hydrogen, obtaining pure non-defected cubic ice, observed by X-ray and neutron diffraction.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
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    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: High nitrogen solubility in stishovite (SiO2) under lower mantle conditions

    Ko Fukuyama / Hiroyuki Kagi / Toru Inoue / Sho Kakizawa / Toru Shinmei / Shunichi Hishita / Naoto Takahata / Yuji Sano

    Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Nitrogen is a crucial volatile element in the early Earth’s evolution and the origin of life. Despite its importance, nitrogen’s behavior in the Earth's interior remains poorly understood. Compared to other volatile elements, nitrogen is ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Nitrogen is a crucial volatile element in the early Earth’s evolution and the origin of life. Despite its importance, nitrogen’s behavior in the Earth's interior remains poorly understood. Compared to other volatile elements, nitrogen is depleted in the Earth’s atmosphere (the so-called “missing nitrogen”), calling for a hidden deep reservoir. To investigate nitrogen’s behavior in the deep Earth including how the reservoir formed, high-pressure and high-temperature experiments were conducted at 28 GPa and 1,400–1,700 °C. To reproduce the conditions in the lower mantle, the redox was controlled using a Fe–FeO buffer. We observed that depending on the temperature conditions, stishovite can incorporate up to 90–404 ppm nitrogen, experimentally demonstrating that stishovite has the highest nitrogen solubility among the deep mantle minerals. Stishovite is the main mineral component of subducted nitrogen-rich sedimentary rocks and eroded continental crust that are eventually transported down to the lower mantle. Our results suggest that nitrogen could have been continuously transported into the lower mantle via subduction, ever since plate tectonics began.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Subduction-related oxidation of the sublithospheric mantle evidenced by ferropericlase and magnesiowüstite diamond inclusions

    Ekaterina S. Kiseeva / Nester Korolev / Iuliia Koemets / Dmitry A. Zedgenizov / Richard Unitt / Catherine McCammon / Alena Aslandukova / Saiana Khandarkhaeva / Timofey Fedotenko / Konstantin Glazyrin / Dimitrios Bessas / Georgios Aprilis / Alexandr I. Chumakov / Hiroyuki Kagi / Leonid Dubrovinsky

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: This article reports finding of a highly oxidised mineral in diamond inclusion derived from mantle transition zone or lower mantle, very reduced areas on our planet. Such oxidised material is likely linked to subduction of carbonates into this region. ...

    Abstract This article reports finding of a highly oxidised mineral in diamond inclusion derived from mantle transition zone or lower mantle, very reduced areas on our planet. Such oxidised material is likely linked to subduction of carbonates into this region.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
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    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Behavior of light elements in iron-silicate-water-sulfur system during early Earth’s evolution

    Riko Iizuka-Oku / Hirotada Gotou / Chikara Shito / Ko Fukuyama / Yuichiro Mori / Takanori Hattori / Asami Sano-Furukawa / Ken-ichi Funakoshi / Hiroyuki Kagi

    Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Abstract Hydrogen (H) is considered to be one of the candidates for light elements in the Earth’s core, but the amount and timing of delivery have been unknown. We investigated the effects of sulfur (S), another candidate element in the core, on ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Hydrogen (H) is considered to be one of the candidates for light elements in the Earth’s core, but the amount and timing of delivery have been unknown. We investigated the effects of sulfur (S), another candidate element in the core, on deuteration of iron (Fe) in iron–silicate–water system up to 6–12 GPa, ~ 1200 K using in situ neutron diffraction measurements. The sample initially contained saturated water (D2O) as Mg(OD)2 in the ideal composition (Fe–MgSiO3–D2O) of the primitive Earth. In the existence of water and sulfur, phase transitions of Fe, dehydration of Mg(OD)2, and formation of iron sulfide (FeS) and silicates occurred with increasing temperature. The deuterium (D) solubility (x) in iron deuterides (FeD x ) increased with temperature and pressure, resulting in a maximum of x = 0.33(4) for the hydrous sample without S at 11.2 GPa and 1067 K. FeS was hardly deuterated until Fe deuteration had completed. The lower D concentrations in the S-containing system do not exceed the miscibility gap (x < ~ 0.4). Both H and S can be incorporated into solid Fe and other light elements could have dissolved into molten iron hydride and/or FeS during the later process of Earth’s evolution.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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