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  1. Article ; Online: The wisdom of many in few: Finding individuals who are as wise as the crowd.

    Himmelstein, Mark / Budescu, David V / Ho, Emily H

    Journal of experimental psychology. General

    2023  Volume 152, Issue 5, Page(s) 1223–1244

    Abstract: Is forecasting ability a stable trait? While domain knowledge and reasoning abilities are necessary for making accurate forecasts, research shows that knowing how accurate forecasters have been in the past is the best predictor of future accuracy. ... ...

    Abstract Is forecasting ability a stable trait? While domain knowledge and reasoning abilities are necessary for making accurate forecasts, research shows that knowing how accurate forecasters have been in the past is the best predictor of future accuracy. However, unlike the measurement of other traits, evaluating forecasting skill requires substantial time investment. Forecasters must make predictions about events that may not resolve for many days, weeks, months, or even years into the future before their accuracy can be estimated. Our work builds upon methods such as cultural consensus theory and proxy scoring rules to show talented forecasters can be discriminated in real time, without requiring any event resolutions. We define a peer similarity-based
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Problem Solving ; Forecasting ; Motivation ; Peer Group
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 189732-9
    ISSN 1939-2222 ; 0096-3445
    ISSN (online) 1939-2222
    ISSN 0096-3445
    DOI 10.1037/xge0001340
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2255: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article ; Online: Measuring individual true change with PROMIS using IRT-based plausible values.

    Ho, Emily H / Verkuilen, Jay / Fischer, Felix

    Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation

    2022  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 1369–1379

    Abstract: Aims: A primary advantage of IRT-based patient-reported outcome measures such as PROMIS short forms and computer-adaptive tests is that each estimate of the latent trait comes with a standard error. Such measurement error needs to be acknowledged, in ... ...

    Abstract Aims: A primary advantage of IRT-based patient-reported outcome measures such as PROMIS short forms and computer-adaptive tests is that each estimate of the latent trait comes with a standard error. Such measurement error needs to be acknowledged, in particular when monitoring individual patients over time. In this study, we use plausible values to account for measurement error and analyze the probability of true within-individual change.
    Methods: We use a longitudinal, observational study of stable and exacerbated COPD patients (N = 185), providing PROMIS Physical Function and Fatigue T-scores over 3 months. At each measurement, we imputed 1000 plausible values from the scores' posterior distribution. These were then used to calculate probability of true change using a pre-specified threshold such as minimally important difference supported by the literature, or [Formula: see text] > 0. We demonstrate assessment of change in individuals and in groups, across different measures (Short Forms and CATs), and at various levels of confidence.
    Results: Using plausible value imputation and with 95% certainty, 47.5% of participants in the exacerbated group reported less fatigue, compared with 26.5% of participants in the stable group. Comparison of Short Forms and CATs suggests that CATs have better ability to detect change compared to short forms. We also illustrate this method using an individual's probability of change at different time points.
    Conclusion: Plausible values offer a flexible way to include measurement error in analysis of individuals and on sample level. Assessment of probability of true change can complement existing distribution-based approaches and facilitates interpretation of improvement or decline.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Patient Reported Outcome Measures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-25
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1161148-0
    ISSN 1573-2649 ; 0962-9343
    ISSN (online) 1573-2649
    ISSN 0962-9343
    DOI 10.1007/s11136-022-03264-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3796: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  3. Article ; Online: Evaluation of the NIH Toolbox Odor Identification Test across normal cognition, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and dementia due to Alzheimer's disease.

    Echevarria-Cooper, Shiloh L / Ho, Emily H / Gershon, Richard C / Weintraub, Sandra / Kahnt, Thorsten

    Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 288–300

    Abstract: Introduction: Olfactory decline is associated with cognitive decline in aging, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and amnestic dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology (ADd). The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Odor ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Olfactory decline is associated with cognitive decline in aging, amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI), and amnestic dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease neuropathology (ADd). The National Institutes of Health Toolbox Odor Identification Test (NIHTB-OIT) may distinguish between these clinical categories.
    Methods: We compared NIHTB-OIT scores across normal cognition (NC), aMCI, and ADd participants (N = 389, ≥65 years) and between participants positive versus negative for AD biomarkers and the APOE ε4 allele.
    Results: NIHTB-OIT scores decreased with age (p < 0.001) and were lower for aMCI (p < 0.001) and ADd (p < 0.001) compared to NC participants, correcting for age and sex. The NIHTB-OIT detects aMCI (ADd) versus NC participants with 49.4% (56.5%) sensitivity and 88.8% (89.5%) specificity. NIHTB-OIT scores were lower for participants with positive AD biomarkers (p < 0.005), but did not differ based on the APOE ε4 allele (p > 0.05).
    Discussion: The NIHTB-OIT distinguishes clinically aMCI and ADd participants from NC participants.
    Highlights: National Institutes of Health Toolbox Odor Identification Test (NIHTB-OIT) discriminated normal controls from mild cognitive impairment. NIHTB-OIT discriminated normal controls from Alzheimer's disease dementia. Rate of olfactory decline with age was similar across all diagnostic categories. NIHTB-OIT scores were lower in participants with positive Alzheimer's biomarker tests. NIHTB-OIT scores did not differ based on APOE genotype.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnosis ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/psychology ; Odorants ; Apolipoprotein E4/genetics ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/genetics ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology ; Cognition ; Biomarkers
    Chemical Substances Apolipoprotein E4 ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2211627-8
    ISSN 1552-5279 ; 1552-5260
    ISSN (online) 1552-5279
    ISSN 1552-5260
    DOI 10.1002/alz.13426
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6316: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
    Zs.MO 540: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Measuring Multidimensional Aspects of Health in the Oldest Old Using the NIH Toolbox: Results From the ARMADA Study.

    Mather, Molly A / Ho, Emily H / Bedjeti, Katy / Karpouzian-Rogers, Tatiana / Rogalski, Emily J / Gershon, Richard / Weintraub, Sandra

    Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

    2024  

    Abstract: Objective: The percentage of older adults living into their 80s and beyond is expanding rapidly. Characterization of typical cognitive performance in this population is complicated by a dearth of normative data for the oldest old. Additionally, little ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The percentage of older adults living into their 80s and beyond is expanding rapidly. Characterization of typical cognitive performance in this population is complicated by a dearth of normative data for the oldest old. Additionally, little attention has been paid to other aspects of health, such as motor, sensory, and emotional functioning, that may interact with cognitive changes to predict quality of life and well-being. The current study used the NIH Toolbox (NIHTB) to determine age group differences between persons aged 65-84 and 85+ with normal cognition.
    Method: Participants were recruited in two age bands (i.e., 65-84 and 85+). All participants completed the NIHTB Cognition, Motor, Sensation, and Emotion modules. Independent-samples t-tests determined age group differences with post-hoc adjustments using Bonferroni corrections. All subtest and composite scores were then regressed on age and other demographic covariates.
    Results: The 65-84 group obtained significantly higher scores than the 85+ group across all cognitive measures except oral reading, all motor measures except gait speed, and all sensation measures except pain interference. Age remained a significant predictor after controlling for covariates. Age was not significantly associated with differences in emotion scores.
    Conclusions: Results support the use of the NIHTB in persons over 85 with normal cognition. As expected, fluid reasoning abilities and certain motor and sensory functions decreased with age in the oldest old. Inclusion of motor and sensation batteries is warranted when studying trajectories of aging in the oldest old to allow for multidimensional characterization of health.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 632972-x
    ISSN 1873-5843 ; 0887-6177
    ISSN (online) 1873-5843
    ISSN 0887-6177
    DOI 10.1093/arclin/acad105
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 2993: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article: Psychology: Climate uncertainty communication

    Ho, Emily H. / Budescu, David V.

    Nature climate change

    2019  Volume 9, Issue 11, Page(s) 802

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2614383-5
    ISSN 1758-678x
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7874: Show issues

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  6. Article: Nudging out support for a carbon tax

    Hagmann, David / Ho, Emily H. / Loewenstein, George

    Nature climate change

    2019  Volume 9, Issue 6, Page(s) 484

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2614383-5
    ISSN 1758-678x
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 7874: Show issues

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