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Article ; Online: Decline in pneumococcal disease incidence in the time of COVID-19 in Singapore.

Lim, Rachel Hf / Chow, Angela / Ho, Hanley J

2020 Volume 81, Issue 6, Page(s) e19–e21

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Incidence ; Influenza, Human ; Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Public Health ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Singapore/epidemiology
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	424417-5
ISSN	1532-2742 ; 0163-4453
ISSN (online)	1532-2742
ISSN	0163-4453
DOI	10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.020
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Article ; Online: Knowledge on infectious disease management among primary care physicians in Singapore and the effectiveness of an educational workshop intervention.

Tang, Ying Wei / Ho, Hanley J

Postgraduate medical journal

2017 Volume 94, Issue 1110, Page(s) 244

MeSH term(s)	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Communicable Diseases/therapy ; Disease Management ; Education, Medical, Continuing/methods ; Education, Medical, Continuing/standards ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Physicians, Primary Care/education ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/statistics & numerical data ; Program Evaluation ; Singapore
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter
ZDB-ID	80325-x
ISSN	1469-0756 ; 0032-5473
ISSN (online)	1469-0756
ISSN	0032-5473
DOI	10.1136/postgradmedj-2017-135331
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Article: Decline in pneumococcal disease incidence in the time of COVID-19 in Singapore

Lim, Rachel Hf / Chow, Angela / Ho, Hanley J

J. infect

Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #713733
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Decline in pneumococcal disease incidence in the time of COVID-19 in Singapore

Lim, Rachel HF / Chow, Angela / Ho, Hanley J

Journal of Infection ; ISSN 0163-4453

2020

Keywords	Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1016/j.jinf.2020.08.020
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Epidemiology, vaccine effectiveness, and risk factors for mortality for pneumococcal disease among hospitalised adults in Singapore: a case-control study.

Chan, Tyson / Tay, Min Zhi / Kyaw, Win Mar / Chow, Angela / Ho, Hanley J

BMC infectious diseases

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 423

Abstract: Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study evaluated factors associated with pneumococcal disease, pneumococcal vaccine ... ...

Abstract	Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae infections can lead to severe morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study evaluated factors associated with pneumococcal disease, pneumococcal vaccine effectiveness, and risk factors for all-cause mortality in hospitalised adults with pneumococcal disease in Singapore. Methods: Retrospective case-control study of patients tested for pneumococcal disease with streptococcal urinary antigen testing and at least one sterile site culture, during their admission to a tertiary hospital in Singapore from 2015 to 2017. Patients were defined as cases of IPD or non-IPD, or as controls, based on laboratory results and clinical diagnoses. Multivariable models were constructed to determine factors associated with IPD/non-IPD, and risk factors for mortality from pneumococcal disease. Vaccine effectiveness against IPD/non-IPD was estimated using a variation of the test-negative design. Results: We identified 496 pneumococcal disease cases, of whom 92 (18.5%) had IPD. The mean age of cases was 69.1 ± 15.4 years, and 65.5% were male. Compared with controls (N = 9181), IPD patients were younger (mean age 61.5 ± 16.3 years, vs 72.2 ± 16.1 years in controls; p < 0.001) and with less co-morbidities [median Charlson's score 1 (IQR 0-4), vs 3 (1-5) in controls; p < 0.001]. IPD patients also had the highest proportions with intensive care unit (ICU) admission (20.7%), inpatient mortality (26.1%) and longest median length of stay [9 (IQR 8-17) days]. On multivariable analysis, IPD was negatively associated with prior pneumococcal vaccination (adjusted relative risk ratio = 0.20, 95%CI 0.06-0.69; p = 0.011). Risk factors for mortality among pneumococcal disease patients were ICU admission, diagnosis of IPD, age ≥ 85 years and Charlson's score > 3. Conclusion: Patients with pneumococcal disease (especially IPD) were younger and had less co-morbidities than controls, but had higher risk of severe clinical outcomes and mortality. Pneumococcal vaccination effectiveness against IPD was estimated to be about 80%, and should be encouraged among high-risk patients.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Morbidity ; Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/mortality ; Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control ; Pneumococcal Infections/urine ; Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Singapore/epidemiology ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Treatment Outcome ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Pneumococcal Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2334
ISSN (online)	1471-2334
DOI	10.1186/s12879-020-05140-1
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Use of a Real-Time Locating System for Contact Tracing of Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic at an Infectious Disease Center in Singapore: Validation Study.

Ho, Hanley J / Zhang, Zoe Xiaozhu / Huang, Zhilian / Aung, Aung Hein / Lim, Wei-Yen / Chow, Angela

Journal of medical Internet research

2020 Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) e19437

Abstract: Background: In early 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and spread by community and nosocomial transmission. Effective contact tracing of potentially exposed health care workers is crucial for the prevention and control of infectious disease ... ...

Abstract	Background: In early 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and spread by community and nosocomial transmission. Effective contact tracing of potentially exposed health care workers is crucial for the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks in the health care setting. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic through the real-time locating system (RTLS) and review of the electronic medical record (EMR) at the designated hospital for COVID-19 response in Singapore. Methods: Over a 2-day study period, all admitted patients with COVID-19, their ward locations, and the health care workers rostered to each ward were identified to determine the total number of potential contacts between patients with COVID-19 and health care workers. The numbers of staff-patient contacts determined by EMR reviews, RTLS-based contact tracing, and a combination of both methods were evaluated. The use of EMR-based and RTLS-based contact tracing methods was further validated by comparing their sensitivity and specificity against self-reported staff-patient contacts by health care workers. Results: Of 796 potential staff-patient contacts (between 17 patients and 162 staff members), 104 (13.1%) were identified by both the RTLS and EMR, 54 (6.8%) by the RTLS alone, and 99 (12.4%) by the EMR alone; 539 (67.7%) were not identified through either method. Compared to self-reported contacts, EMR reviews had a sensitivity of 47.2% and a specificity of 77.9%, while the RTLS had a sensitivity of 72.2% and a specificity of 87.7%. The highest sensitivity was obtained by including all contacts identified by either the RTLS or the EMR (sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 73.4%). Conclusions: RTLS-based contact tracing showed higher sensitivity and specificity than EMR review. Integration of both methods provided the best performance for rapid contact tracing, although technical adjustments to the RTLS and increasing user compliance with wearing of RTLS tags remain necessary.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Computer Systems ; Contact Tracing ; Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control ; Electronic Health Records ; Female ; Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Singapore
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-26
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2028830-X
ISSN	1438-8871 ; 1439-4456
ISSN (online)	1438-8871
ISSN	1439-4456
DOI	10.2196/19437
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Determinants of change in intention to receive influenza vaccination among health-care workers in Singapore.

Lim, Dwee Wee / Ho, Hanley J / Lee, Lay Tin / Chow, Angela / Kyaw, Win Mar

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

2019 Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) 1118–1124

Abstract: Understanding the change in intention for influenza vaccine among health-care workers (HCWs) is important to increase influenza vaccination uptake. We aimed to investigate the psychosocial beliefs associated with a change in the intention for influenza ... ...

Abstract	Understanding the change in intention for influenza vaccine among health-care workers (HCWs) is important to increase influenza vaccination uptake. We aimed to investigate the psychosocial beliefs associated with a change in the intention for influenza vaccine. An anonymous cross-sectional survey was distributed to tertiary hospital HCWs in 2016. Of 3007 HCWs, 70% were compliant (vaccinated, with an intention to revaccinate), 8% were resistant (unvaccinated, without intention to vaccinate), 10% had positive change (unvaccinated, but with intention) and 12% had negative change (vaccinated, but without intention). Across HCW groups, medical staff had both the highest proportion receiving all influenza vaccinations in the last 5 years (101, 28.4%), as well as the highest proportion who had never received vaccination (41, 11.5%). With increasing age, HCWs were less likely to have a negative (
MeSH term(s)	Attitude of Health Personnel ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Personnel ; Humans ; Influenza Vaccines ; Influenza, Human/prevention & control ; Intention ; Singapore ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vaccination
Chemical Substances	Influenza Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2664176-8
ISSN	2164-554X ; 2164-5515
ISSN (online)	2164-554X
ISSN	2164-5515
DOI	10.1080/21645515.2019.1688037
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Article ; Online: Characterisation of bone and joint infections due to Group B Streptococcus serotype III sequence type 283.

Ong, Sean W / Barkham, Timothy / Kyaw, Win Mar / Ho, Hanley J / Chan, Monica

European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology

2018 Volume 37, Issue 7, Page(s) 1313–1317

Abstract: In 2015, an epidemic of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) serotype III sequence type 283 (ST283) disease was reported in Singapore, associated with consumption of raw freshwater fish. In this study, we further characterise the characteristics of bone and joint ...

Abstract	In 2015, an epidemic of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) serotype III sequence type 283 (ST283) disease was reported in Singapore, associated with consumption of raw freshwater fish. In this study, we further characterise the characteristics of bone and joint infections associated with ST283 GBS in adults and the differences between ST283 and non-ST283 manifestations. A retrospective study of 54 inpatients with invasive GBS disease involving bones and/or joints from 2010 to 2015 was performed. Archived isolates were identified as GBS serotype III and ST283 positive using PCR methods. Clinical data were collected from a review of clinical charts. Twenty-three cases were ST283 and 31 were non-ST283. ST283 GBS patients were more likely to be of Chinese ethnicity, have lower Charlson comorbidity scores, and have fewer overall comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus with end-organ damage, peripheral vascular disease, and previous stroke, compared to non-ST283 GBS patients. ST283 patients had more oligoarthritis, with greater involvement of the knee, shoulder, and vertebrae, compared to monoarticular joint involvement in non-ST283 patients. Six patients had a unique combination of knee and shoulder joint involvement. All ST283 cases were mono-microbial, compared to a significant proportion of polymicrobial cultures in non-ST283 patients. Non-ST283 patients had a significantly longer length of stay and were more likely to undergo amputation or wound debridement. This study adds to growing evidence of a distinct clinical presentation associated with ST283 GBS, involving predominantly healthier patients without significant comorbidities, and with distinct clinical manifestations with regard to bone and joint disease.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Arthritis, Infectious/microbiology ; Arthritis, Infectious/pathology ; Bone and Bones/microbiology ; Epidemics ; Female ; Humans ; Joints/microbiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis/microbiology ; Osteomyelitis/pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Singapore ; Streptococcal Infections/microbiology ; Streptococcal Infections/pathology ; Streptococcus agalactiae/isolation & purification
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-04-18
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	603155-9
ISSN	1435-4373 ; 0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
ISSN (online)	1435-4373
ISSN	0934-9723 ; 0722-2211
DOI	10.1007/s10096-018-3252-4
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Use of a Real-Time Locating System for Contact Tracing of Health Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic at an Infectious Disease Center in Singapore: Validation Study

Ho, Hanley J / Zhang, Zoe Xiaozhu / Huang, Zhilian / Aung, Aung Hein / Lim, Wei-Yen / Chow, Angela

J Med Internet Res

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In early 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and spread by community and nosocomial transmission. Effective contact tracing of potentially exposed health care workers is crucial for the prevention and control of infectious disease ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: In early 2020, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and spread by community and nosocomial transmission. Effective contact tracing of potentially exposed health care workers is crucial for the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks in the health care setting. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic through the real-time locating system (RTLS) and review of the electronic medical record (EMR) at the designated hospital for COVID-19 response in Singapore. METHODS: Over a 2-day study period, all admitted patients with COVID-19, their ward locations, and the health care workers rostered to each ward were identified to determine the total number of potential contacts between patients with COVID-19 and health care workers. The numbers of staff-patient contacts determined by EMR reviews, RTLS-based contact tracing, and a combination of both methods were evaluated. The use of EMR-based and RTLS-based contact tracing methods was further validated by comparing their sensitivity and specificity against self-reported staff-patient contacts by health care workers. RESULTS: Of 796 potential staff-patient contacts (between 17 patients and 162 staff members), 104 (13.1%) were identified by both the RTLS and EMR, 54 (6.8%) by the RTLS alone, and 99 (12.4%) by the EMR alone; 539 (67.7%) were not identified through either method. Compared to self-reported contacts, EMR reviews had a sensitivity of 47.2% and a specificity of 77.9%, while the RTLS had a sensitivity of 72.2% and a specificity of 87.7%. The highest sensitivity was obtained by including all contacts identified by either the RTLS or the EMR (sensitivity 77.8%, specificity 73.4%). CONCLUSIONS: RTLS-based contact tracing showed higher sensitivity and specificity than EMR review. Integration of both methods provided the best performance for rapid contact tracing, although technical adjustments to the RTLS and increasing user compliance with wearing of RTLS tags remain necessary.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #32412416
Database	COVID19

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Article: Validation of a Real-Time Locating System for Contact Tracing of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore

Ho, Hanley J. / Zhang, Zoe Xiaozhu / Huang, Zhilian / Aung, Aung Hein / Lim, Wei-Yen / Chow, Angela

J Med Internet Res

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In early 2020, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and resulted in community and nosocomial transmissions Effective contact tracing for potentially exposed healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for the prevention and control of ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: In early 2020, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged and resulted in community and nosocomial transmissions Effective contact tracing for potentially exposed healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for the prevention and control of infectious disease outbreaks in the healthcare setting OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of contact tracing through real-time locating systems (RTLS) and electronic medical records (EMRs) review at the designated hospital for COVID-19 response in Singapore, during the COVID-19 pandemic METHODS: Over a two-day study period, all admitted COVID-19 patients, their ward locations, and the HCWs rostered to each ward, were identified to determine the total number of potential contacts between COVID-19 patients and HCWs The number of staff-patient contacts determined by EMR reviews, RTLS-based contact tracing, and a combination of both methods were evaluated The use of EMR and RTLS-based contact tracing methods were further validated by comparing their sensitivity and specificity against self-reported staff-patient contacts by HCWs RESULTS: Of 796 potential staff-patient contacts (between 17 patients and 162 staff), 104(13 1%) were identified on both RTLS and EMR, 54(6 8%) by RTLS alone, 99(12 4%) by EMR alone, and 539(67 7%) not identified through either method Compared to self-reported contacts, EMR reviews had a sensitivity of 47 2% and specificity of 77 9%, while RTLS had a sensitivity of 72 2% and specificity of 87 7% The highest sensitivity was obtained by including all contacts identified by either RTLS or EMR (sensitivity 77 8%, specificity 73 4%) CONCLUSIONS: RTLS-based contact tracing had higher sensitivity and specificity than EMR reviews An integration of both methods provided the best performance for rapid contact tracing, although technical adjustments to the RTLS and increasing user compliance with wearing RTLS tags consistently remain necessary CLINICALTRIAL:
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #269926
Database	COVID19

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