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  1. Article ; Online: Exchangeable manganese regulates carbon storage in the humus layer of the boreal forest.

    Zhang, Yunyu / Hobbie, Sarah E / Schlesinger, William H / Berg, Björn / Sun, Tao / Zhu, Jiaojun

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2024  Volume 121, Issue 13, Page(s) e2318382121

    Abstract: The huge carbon stock in humus layers of the boreal forest plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, there remains uncertainty about the factors that regulate below-ground carbon sequestration in this region. Notably, based on evidence ... ...

    Abstract The huge carbon stock in humus layers of the boreal forest plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, there remains uncertainty about the factors that regulate below-ground carbon sequestration in this region. Notably, based on evidence from two independent but complementary methods, we identified that exchangeable manganese is a critical factor regulating carbon accumulation in boreal forests across both regional scales and the entire boreal latitudinal range. Moreover, in a novel fertilization experiment, manganese addition reduced soil carbon stocks, but only after 4 y of additions. Our results highlight an underappreciated mechanism influencing the humus carbon pool of boreal forests.
    MeSH term(s) Taiga ; Manganese ; Carbon ; Soil ; Carbon Sequestration ; Forests
    Chemical Substances Manganese (42Z2K6ZL8P) ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2318382121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Nature-based approaches to managing climate change impacts in cities.

    Hobbie, Sarah E / Grimm, Nancy B

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2020  Volume 375, Issue 1794, Page(s) 20190124

    Abstract: Managing and adapting to climate change in urban areas will become increasingly important as urban populations grow, especially because unique features of cities amplify climate change impacts. High impervious cover exacerbates impacts of climate warming ...

    Abstract Managing and adapting to climate change in urban areas will become increasingly important as urban populations grow, especially because unique features of cities amplify climate change impacts. High impervious cover exacerbates impacts of climate warming through urban heat island effects and of heavy rainfall by magnifying runoff and flooding. Concentration of human settlements along rivers and coastal zones increases exposure of people and infrastructure to climate change hazards, often disproportionately affecting those who are least prepared. Nature-based strategies (NBS), which use living organisms, soils and sediments, and/or landscape features to reduce climate change hazards, hold promise as being more flexible, multi-functional and adaptable to an uncertain and non-stationary climate future than traditional approaches. Nevertheless, future research should address the effectiveness of NBS for reducing climate change impacts and whether they can be implemented at scales appropriate to climate change hazards and impacts. Further, there is a need for accurate and comprehensive cost-benefit analyses that consider disservices and co-benefits, relative to grey alternatives, and how costs and benefits are distributed across different communities. NBS are most likely to be effective and fair when they match the scale of the challenge, are implemented with input from diverse voices and are appropriate to specific social, cultural, ecological and technological contexts. This article is part of the theme issue 'Climate change and ecosystems: threats, opportunities and solutions'.
    MeSH term(s) Cities ; Climate Change ; Conservation of Natural Resources/methods ; Ecosystem ; Floods ; Hot Temperature
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2019.0124
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Plant species effects on nutrient cycling: revisiting litter feedbacks.

    Hobbie, Sarah E

    Trends in ecology & evolution

    2015  Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 357–363

    Abstract: In a review published over two decades ago I asserted that, along soil fertility gradients, plant traits change in ways that reinforce patterns of soil fertility and net primary productivity (NPP). I reevaluate this assertion in light of recent research, ...

    Abstract In a review published over two decades ago I asserted that, along soil fertility gradients, plant traits change in ways that reinforce patterns of soil fertility and net primary productivity (NPP). I reevaluate this assertion in light of recent research, focusing on feedbacks to NPP operating through litter decomposition. I conclude that mechanisms emerging since my previous review might weaken these positive feedbacks, such as negative effects of nitrogen on decomposition, while others might strengthen them, such as slower decomposition of roots compared to leaf litter. I further conclude that predictive understanding of plant species effects on nutrient cycling will require developing new frameworks that are broadened beyond litter decomposition to consider the full litter-soil organic matter (SOM) continuum.
    MeSH term(s) Nitrogen/chemistry ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Plant Roots/chemistry ; Plant Roots/metabolism ; Plants/chemistry ; Plants/metabolism ; Soil/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 284965-3
    ISSN 1872-8383 ; 0169-5347
    ISSN (online) 1872-8383
    ISSN 0169-5347
    DOI 10.1016/j.tree.2015.03.015
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Drivers of plant diversity, community composition, functional traits, and soil processes along an alpine gradient in the central Chilean Andes.

    Schroeder, Lucy / Robles, Valeria / Jara-Arancio, Paola / Lapadat, Cathleen / Hobbie, Sarah E / Arroyo, Mary T K / Cavender-Bares, Jeannine

    Ecology and evolution

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) e10888

    Abstract: High alpine regions are threatened but understudied ecosystems that harbor diverse endemic species, making them an important biome for testing the role of environmental factors in driving functional trait-mediated community assembly processes. We tested ... ...

    Abstract High alpine regions are threatened but understudied ecosystems that harbor diverse endemic species, making them an important biome for testing the role of environmental factors in driving functional trait-mediated community assembly processes. We tested the hypothesis that plant community assembly along a climatic and elevation gradient is influenced by shifts in habitat suitability, which drive plant functional, phylogenetic, and spectral diversity. In a high mountain system (2400-3500 m) Región Metropolitana in the central Chilean Andes (33°S, 70°W). We surveyed vegetation and spectroscopic reflectance (400-2400 nm) to quantify taxonomic, phylogenetic, functional, and spectral diversity at five sites from 2400 to 3500 m elevation. We characterized soil attributes and processes by measuring water content, carbon and nitrogen, and net nitrogen mineralization rates. At high elevation, colder temperatures reduced available soil nitrogen, while at warmer, lower elevations, soil moisture was lower. Metrics of taxonomic, functional, and spectral alpha diversity peaked at mid-elevations, while phylogenetic species richness was highest at low elevation. Leaf nitrogen increased with elevation at the community level and within individual species, consistent with global patterns of increasing leaf nitrogen with colder temperatures. The increase in leaf nitrogen, coupled with shifts in taxonomic and functional diversity associated with turnover in lineages, indicate that the ability to acquire and retain nitrogen in colder temperatures may be important in plant community assembly in this range. Such environmental filters have important implications for forecasting shifts in alpine plant communities under a warming climate.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.10888
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Sensitivity of grassland carbon pools to plant diversity, elevated CO

    Pastore, Melissa A / Hobbie, Sarah E / Reich, Peter B

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2021  Volume 118, Issue 17

    Abstract: Whether the terrestrial biosphere will continue to act as a net carbon (C) sink in the face of multiple global changes is questionable. A key uncertainty is whether increases in plant C fixation under elevated carbon dioxide ( ... ...

    Abstract Whether the terrestrial biosphere will continue to act as a net carbon (C) sink in the face of multiple global changes is questionable. A key uncertainty is whether increases in plant C fixation under elevated carbon dioxide (CO
    MeSH term(s) Biodiversity ; Carbon/analysis ; Carbon/metabolism ; Carbon Cycle/physiology ; Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Climate ; Climate Change ; Ecosystem ; Grassland ; Minnesota ; Nitrogen/analysis ; Nitrogen/metabolism ; Plants ; Soil/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2016965118
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Experimental nitrogen fertilisation globally accelerates, then slows decomposition of leaf litter.

    Gill, Allison L / Schilling, Jonathan / Hobbie, Sarah E

    Ecology letters

    2021  Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 802–811

    Abstract: Plant litter decomposition is a central process in the carbon (C) cycle and sensitive to ongoing anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilisation. Previous syntheses evaluating the effect of N fertilisation on litter decomposition relied largely on models that ... ...

    Abstract Plant litter decomposition is a central process in the carbon (C) cycle and sensitive to ongoing anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilisation. Previous syntheses evaluating the effect of N fertilisation on litter decomposition relied largely on models that define a constant rate of mass loss throughout decomposition, which may mask hypothesised shifts in the effect of N fertilisation on litter decomposition dynamics. In this meta-analysis, we compared the performance of four empirical decomposition models and showed that N fertilisation consistently accelerates early-stage but slows late-stage decomposition when the model structure allows for flexibility in decomposition rates through time. Within a particular substrate, early-stage N-stimulation of decomposition was associated with reduced rates of late-stage decay. Because the products of early- vs. late-stage decomposition are stabilised in soils through distinct chemical and physical mechanisms, N-induced changes in the litter decomposition process may influence the formation and cycling of soil C, the largest terrestrial C pool.
    MeSH term(s) Carbon ; Ecosystem ; Fertilization ; Nitrogen ; Plant Leaves ; Soil
    Chemical Substances Soil ; Carbon (7440-44-0) ; Nitrogen (N762921K75)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter ; Meta-Analysis
    ZDB-ID 1441608-6
    ISSN 1461-0248 ; 1461-023X
    ISSN (online) 1461-0248
    ISSN 1461-023X
    DOI 10.1111/ele.13700
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Soil enzymes as indicators of soil function: A step toward greater realism in microbial ecological modeling

    Wang, Gangsheng / Gao, Qun / Yang, Yunfeng / Hobbie, Sarah E / Reich, Peter B / Zhou, Jizhong

    Global change biology. 2022 Mar., v. 28, no. 5

    2022  

    Abstract: Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and their complex responses to environmental changes have received increasing attention. However, large uncertainties in model predictions remain, partially due to the lack of explicit representation and ... ...

    Abstract Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycles and their complex responses to environmental changes have received increasing attention. However, large uncertainties in model predictions remain, partially due to the lack of explicit representation and parameterization of microbial processes. One great challenge is to effectively integrate rich microbial functional traits into ecosystem modeling for better predictions. Here, using soil enzymes as indicators of soil function, we developed a competitive dynamic enzyme allocation scheme and detailed enzyme‐mediated soil inorganic N processes in the Microbial‐ENzyme Decomposition (MEND) model. We conducted a rigorous calibration and validation of MEND with diverse soil C‐N fluxes, microbial C:N ratios, and functional gene abundances from a 12‐year CO₂ × N grassland experiment (BioCON) in Minnesota, USA. In addition to accurately simulating soil CO₂ fluxes and multiple N variables, the model correctly predicted microbial C:N ratios and their negative response to enriched N supply. Model validation further showed that, compared to the changes in simulated enzyme concentrations and decomposition rates, the changes in simulated activities of eight C‐N‐associated enzymes were better explained by the measured gene abundances in responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentration. Our results demonstrated that using enzymes as indicators of soil function and validating model predictions with functional gene abundances in ecosystem modeling can provide a basis for testing hypotheses about microbially mediated biogeochemical processes in response to environmental changes. Further development and applications of the modeling framework presented here will enable microbial ecologists to address ecosystem‐level questions beyond empirical observations, toward more predictive understanding, an ultimate goal of microbial ecology.
    Keywords carbon dioxide ; ecosystems ; enzymes ; genes ; grasslands ; microbial ecology ; model validation ; models ; nitrogen ; soil ; soil carbon ; soil function ; Minnesota
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-03
    Size p. 1935-1950.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1281439-8
    ISSN 1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
    ISSN (online) 1365-2486
    ISSN 1354-1013
    DOI 10.1111/gcb.16036
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Climate change-induced stress disrupts ectomycorrhizal interaction networks at the boreal-temperate ecotone.

    Fernandez, Christopher W / Mielke, Louis / Stefanski, Artur / Bermudez, Raimundo / Hobbie, Sarah E / Montgomery, Rebecca A / Reich, Peter B / Kennedy, Peter G

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2023  Volume 120, Issue 34, Page(s) e2221619120

    Abstract: The interaction networks formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and their tree hosts, which are important to both forest recruitment and ecosystem carbon and nutrient retention, may be particularly susceptible to climate change at the boreal-temperate ... ...

    Abstract The interaction networks formed by ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and their tree hosts, which are important to both forest recruitment and ecosystem carbon and nutrient retention, may be particularly susceptible to climate change at the boreal-temperate forest ecotone where environmental conditions are changing rapidly. Here, we quantified the compositional and functional trait responses of EMF communities and their interaction networks with two boreal (
    MeSH term(s) Mycorrhizae ; Ecosystem ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Trees/physiology ; Pinus/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2221619120
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Sources of variation in nutrient loads collected through street sweeping in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, USA.

    Hobbie, Sarah E / King, Rachel A / Belo, Tessa / Kalinosky, Paula / Baker, Lawrence A / Finlay, Jacques C / Buyarski, Christopher A / Bintner, Ross

    The Science of the total environment

    2023  Volume 905, Page(s) 166934

    Abstract: Excess non-point nutrient loading continues to impair urban surface waters. Because of the potential contribution of tree litterfall to nutrient pollution in stormwater, street sweeping is a promising management tool for reducing eutrophication in urban ... ...

    Abstract Excess non-point nutrient loading continues to impair urban surface waters. Because of the potential contribution of tree litterfall to nutrient pollution in stormwater, street sweeping is a promising management tool for reducing eutrophication in urban and suburban regions. However, nutrient concentrations and loads of material removed through street sweeping have not been well characterized, impeding the development of pollution reduction credits and improvement of models for stormwater management. We evaluated the role of canopy cover over streets, street sweeper type, season, and sweeping frequency in contributing to variation in concentrations and loads of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and solids recovered in street sweepings, using analyses of samples collected during regular street sweeping operations in five cities in the Minneapolis-St. Paul Metropolitan Area, Minnesota, USA. We expected that nutrient concentrations and loads would be highest in seasons and places of higher tree litterfall. We also expected that regenerative-air sweepers would recover higher loads compared to mechanical broom sweepers. Total N and P concentrations in sweepings increased most strongly with canopy cover in June, October, and November. Total N and P recovered in street sweepings similarly increased with canopy cover in June, October, and November, and peaked in early summer and autumn, times of high litterfall. In contrast, total dry mass in sweepings was greatest in early spring, following winter snowmelt. However, nutrient loads and concentrations did not differ between sweeper types. Our results add to growing evidence of the importance of street trees in contributing nutrient pollution to urban surface waters. Street sweeping focused on high-canopy streets during early summer and autumn is likely an effective management tool for stormwater nutrient pollution.
    MeSH term(s) Minnesota ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollution ; Nutrients ; Cities ; Trees
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166934
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Grassland ecosystem type drives AM fungal diversity and functional guild distribution in North American grasslands.

    Kasanke, Christopher P / Zhao, Qian / Alfaro, Trinidad / Walter, Christopher A / Hobbie, Sarah E / Cheeke, Tanya E / Hofmockel, Kirsten S

    Molecular ecology

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 5, Page(s) 1133–1148

    Abstract: Nutrient exchange forms the basis of the ancient symbiotic relationship that occurs between most land plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Plants provide carbon (C) to AM fungi and fungi provide the plant with nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and ... ...

    Abstract Nutrient exchange forms the basis of the ancient symbiotic relationship that occurs between most land plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Plants provide carbon (C) to AM fungi and fungi provide the plant with nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P). Nutrient addition can alter this symbiotic coupling in key ways, such as reducing AM fungal root colonization and changing the AM fungal community composition. However, environmental parameters that differentiate ecosystems and drive plant distribution patterns (e.g., pH, moisture), are also known to impact AM fungal communities. Identifying the relative contribution of environmental factors impacting AM fungal distribution patterns is important for predicting biogeochemical cycling patterns and plant-microbe relationships across ecosystems. To evaluate the relative impacts of local environmental conditions and long-term nutrient addition on AM fungal abundance and composition across grasslands, we studied experimental plots amended for 10 years with N, P, or N and P fertilizer in different grassland ecosystem types, including tallgrass prairie, montane, shortgrass prairie, and desert grasslands. Contrary to our hypothesis, we found ecosystem type, not nutrient treatment, was the main driver of AM fungal root colonization, diversity, and community composition, even when accounting for site-specific nutrient limitations. We identified several important environmental drivers of grassland ecosystem AM fungal distribution patterns, including aridity, mean annual temperature, root moisture, and soil pH. This work provides empirical evidence for niche partitioning strategies of AM fungal functional guilds and emphasizes the importance of long-term, large scale research projects to provide ecologically relevant context to nutrient addition studies.
    MeSH term(s) Mycorrhizae ; Ecosystem ; Grassland ; Soil Microbiology ; Soil/chemistry ; Plants/microbiology ; North America ; Plant Roots/microbiology ; Fungi/genetics
    Chemical Substances Soil
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.16823
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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