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Article ; Online: Development of a Plasminogen Population PK model supporting prophylactic replacement therapy for Plasminogen deficient patients within the WAPPS-Hemo platform.

Chelle, Pierre / Hajducek, Dagmar / Thibaudeau, Karen / Hobson, Nicholas / Iorio, Alfonso / Shapiro, Amy / Edginton, Andrea

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Plasminogen deficiency is an ultra rare disease whose patients may develop ligneous lesions if untreated. Prophylactic replacement therapy with plasma derived plasminogen, Ryplazim, is efficient in treating lesions and could benefit from ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Plasminogen deficiency is an ultra rare disease whose patients may develop ligneous lesions if untreated. Prophylactic replacement therapy with plasma derived plasminogen, Ryplazim, is efficient in treating lesions and could benefit from pharmacokinetic (PK) tailoring. Aim: The objectives of this study are to develop, evaluate and integrate into the WAPPS-Hemo platform a Population PK model supporting prophylactic replacement therapy for Plasminogen deficient patients. Methods: Population PK modelling and evaluations followed the same protocol performed for factor VIII and IX concentrates. Limited sampling analysis used dosing and sampling scenarios in accordance with recommended treatment for Ryplazim. Results: The population PK model, derived from 16 participants included in previous clinical studies, was a 2-compartment model whose variability was best described by fat-free mass. Evaluations showed that the model described well the data and Bayesian forecasting in limited sampling environment led to acceptable precision for PK parameters relevant to plasminogen treatment. Conclusion: The model was integrated into the WAPPS-Hemo webservice to help individualize prophylactic treatment in plasminogen deficient patients. Prospective PK data to be collected through the WAPPS-Hemo database will be used to better understand plasminogen PK and improve patient care.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1229713-6
ISSN	1365-2516 ; 1351-8216 ; 1355-0691
ISSN (online)	1365-2516
ISSN	1351-8216 ; 1355-0691
DOI	10.1111/hae.15027
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Article ; Online: A sacred commitment: How rituals promote group survival.

Stein, Daniel H / Hobson, Nicholas M / Schroeder, Juliana

Current opinion in psychology

2020 Volume 40, Page(s) 114–120

Abstract: Religious groups have survived for thousands of years despite drastic changes in society. One reason for their successful survival is the proliferation of group rituals (i.e. meaningful sequences of actions characterized by rigidity, formality, and ... ...

Abstract	Religious groups have survived for thousands of years despite drastic changes in society. One reason for their successful survival is the proliferation of group rituals (i.e. meaningful sequences of actions characterized by rigidity, formality, and repetition). We propose that rituals enhance religious group survival not only by signaling external commitment but also by fostering internal commitment toward the group in three ways: (1) enhancing belief in the group's values ('committed cognition'), (2) increasing the desire to maintain membership in the group ('committed affect'), and (3) increasing contributions to the welfare of the group ('committed behavior'). We conclude with a call for new empirical research on how participating in rituals can enhance internal commitment toward one's group (116/120).
MeSH term(s)	Ceremonial Behavior ; Cognition ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-16
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2831565-0
ISSN	2352-2518 ; 2352-250X ; 2352-250X
ISSN (online)	2352-2518 ; 2352-250X
ISSN	2352-250X
DOI	10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.09.005
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Article ; Online: The mere presence of an outgroup member disrupts the brain's feedback-monitoring system.

Hobson, Nicholas M / Inzlicht, Michael

Social cognitive and affective neuroscience

2016 Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) 1698–1706

Abstract: Much of human learning happens in the social world. A person's social identity-the groups to which they belong, the people with whom they identify-is a powerful cue that can affect our goal-directed behaviors, often implicitly. In the present experiment, ...

Abstract	Much of human learning happens in the social world. A person's social identity-the groups to which they belong, the people with whom they identify-is a powerful cue that can affect our goal-directed behaviors, often implicitly. In the present experiment, we explored the underlying neural mechanisms driving these processes, testing hypotheses derived from social identity theory. In a within-subjects design, participants underwent a minimal group manipulation where they were randomly assigned to an arbitrary ingroup. In two blocks of the experiment, participants were asked to complete a task for money while being observed by an ingroup member and outgroup member separately. Results revealed that being observed by an ingroup or outgroup member led to divergent patterns of neural activity associated with feedback monitoring, namely the feedback-related negativity (FRN). Receiving feedback in the presence of an ingroup member produced a typical FRN signal, but the FRN was dampened while receiving feedback in the presence of an outgroup member. Further, this differentiated neural pattern was exaggerated in people who reported greater intergroup bias. Together, the mere presence of a person can alter how the brain adaptively monitors feedback, impairing the reinforcement learning signal when the person observing is an outgroup member.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Arousal/physiology ; Attention/physiology ; Biofeedback, Psychology/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Contingent Negative Variation/physiology ; Female ; Gyrus Cinguli/physiology ; Humans ; Male ; Motivation/physiology ; Prejudice/psychology ; Reinforcement, Social ; Reward ; Social Environment ; Social Identification ; Social Skills ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2236933-8
ISSN	1749-5024 ; 1749-5016
ISSN (online)	1749-5024
ISSN	1749-5016
DOI	10.1093/scan/nsw082
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Article ; Online: Recognizing religion's dark side: Religious ritual increases antisociality and hinders self-control.

Hobson, Nicholas M / Inzlicht, Michael

The Behavioral and brain sciences

2016 Volume 39, Page(s) e14

Abstract: The target article develops an account of religious prosociality that is driven by increases in self-control. We suggest this account is incomplete. Although religion might increase prosociality to the in-group, it decreases it to the much larger out- ... ...

Abstract	The target article develops an account of religious prosociality that is driven by increases in self-control. We suggest this account is incomplete. Although religion might increase prosociality to the in-group, it decreases it to the much larger out-group. Rituals, for example, lead to out-group derogation. We also challenge the link between religion and improved self-control, offering evidence that religion hinders self-control.
MeSH term(s)	Ceremonial Behavior ; Humans ; Religion ; Self-Control
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	423721-3
ISSN	1469-1825 ; 0140-525X
ISSN (online)	1469-1825
ISSN	0140-525X
DOI	10.1017/S0140525X15000448
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Article ; Online: When alterations are violations: Moral outrage and punishment in response to (even minor) alterations to rituals.

Stein, Daniel H / Schroeder, Juliana / Hobson, Nicholas M / Gino, Francesca / Norton, Michael I

Journal of personality and social psychology

2021 Volume 123, Issue 1, Page(s) 123–153

Abstract: From Catholics performing the sign of the cross since the 4th century to Americans reciting the Pledge of Allegiance since the 1890s, group rituals (i.e., predefined sequences of symbolic actions) have strikingly consistent features over time. Seven ... ...

Abstract	From Catholics performing the sign of the cross since the 4th century to Americans reciting the Pledge of Allegiance since the 1890s, group rituals (i.e., predefined sequences of symbolic actions) have strikingly consistent features over time. Seven studies (N = 4,213) document the sacrosanct nature of rituals: Because group rituals symbolize sacred group values, even minor alterations to them provoke moral outrage and punishment. In Pilot Studies A and B, fraternity members who failed to complete initiation activities that were more ritualistic elicited relatively greater moral outrage and hazing from their fraternity brothers. Study 1 uses secular holiday rituals to explore the dimensions of ritual alteration-both physical and psychological-that elicit moral outrage. Study 2 suggests that altering a ritual elicits outrage even beyond the extent to which the ritual alteration is seen as violating descriptive and injunctive norms. In Study 3, group members who viewed male circumcision as more ritualistic (i.e., Jewish vs. Muslim participants) expressed greater moral outrage in response to a proposal to alter circumcision to make it safer. Study 4 uses the Pledge of Allegiance ritual to explore how the intentions of the person altering the ritual influence observers' moral outrage and punishment. Finally, in Study 5, even minor alterations elicited comparable levels of moral outrage to major alterations of the Jewish Passover ritual. Across both religious and secular rituals, the more ingroup members believed that rituals symbolize sacred group values, the more they protected their rituals-by punishing those who violated them. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
MeSH term(s)	Ceremonial Behavior ; Humans ; Intention ; Male ; Morals ; Punishment
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3103-3
ISSN	1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
ISSN (online)	1939-1315
ISSN	0022-3514
DOI	10.1037/pspi0000352
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Article ; Online: Big data: why ignorance is no longer acceptable.

Toozs-Hobson, Philip / Toozs-Hobson, Nicholas / Kelley, Thomas

International urogynecology journal

2018 Volume 29, Issue 9, Page(s) 1235–1237

MeSH term(s)	Data Mining/trends ; Datasets as Topic ; Humans ; Information Services/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-25
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1050631-7
ISSN	1433-3023 ; 0937-3462
ISSN (online)	1433-3023
ISSN	0937-3462
DOI	10.1007/s00192-018-3672-9
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Article: Rituals decrease the neural response to performance failure.

Hobson, Nicholas M / Bonk, Devin / Inzlicht, Michael

PeerJ

2017 Volume 5, Page(s) e3363

Abstract: Rituals are found in all types of performance domains, from high-stakes athletics and military to the daily morning preparations of the working family. Yet despite their ubiquity and widespread importance for humans, we know very little of ritual's ... ...

Abstract	Rituals are found in all types of performance domains, from high-stakes athletics and military to the daily morning preparations of the working family. Yet despite their ubiquity and widespread importance for humans, we know very little of ritual's causal basis and how (if at all) they facilitate goal-directed performance. Here, in a fully pre-registered pre/post experimental design, we examine a candidate proximal mechanism, the error-related negativity (ERN), in testing the prediction that ritual modulates neural performance-monitoring. Participants completed an arbitrary ritual-novel actions repeated at home over one week-followed by an executive function task in the lab during electroencephalographic (EEG) recording. Results revealed that relative to pre rounds, participants showed a reduced ERN in the post rounds, after completing the ritual in the lab. Despite a muted ERN, there was no evidence that the reduction in neural monitoring led to performance deficit (nor a performance improvement). Generally, the findings are consistent with the longstanding view that ritual buffers against uncertainty and anxiety. Our results indicate that ritual guides goal-directed performance by regulating the brain's response to personal failure.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.3363
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Article ; Online: When Novel Rituals Lead to Intergroup Bias: Evidence From Economic Games and Neurophysiology.

Hobson, Nicholas M / Gino, Francesca / Norton, Michael I / Inzlicht, Michael

Psychological science

2017 Volume 28, Issue 6, Page(s) 733–750

Abstract: Long-established rituals in preexisting cultural groups have been linked to the cultural evolution of group cooperation. We tested the prediction that novel rituals-arbitrary hand and body gestures enacted in a stereotypical and repeated fashion-can ... ...

Abstract	Long-established rituals in preexisting cultural groups have been linked to the cultural evolution of group cooperation. We tested the prediction that novel rituals-arbitrary hand and body gestures enacted in a stereotypical and repeated fashion-can inculcate intergroup bias in newly formed groups. In four experiments, participants practiced novel rituals at home for 1 week (Experiments 1, 2, and 4) or once in the lab (Experiment 3) and were divided into minimal in-groups and out-groups. Our results offer mixed support for the hypothesis that novel rituals promote intergroup bias. Specifically, we found a modest effect for daily repeated rituals but a null effect for rituals enacted only once. These results suggest that novel rituals can inculcate bias, but only when certain features are present: Rituals must be sufficiently elaborate and repeated to lead to bias. Taken together, our results offer modest support that novel rituals can promote intergroup bias.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2022256-7
ISSN	1467-9280 ; 0956-7976
ISSN (online)	1467-9280
ISSN	0956-7976
DOI	10.1177/0956797617695099
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Article ; Online: The Milky Way: paediatric milk-based dispersible tablets prepared by direct compression - a proof-of-concept study.

Orubu, Samuel E F / Hobson, Nicholas J / Basit, Abdul W / Tuleu, Catherine

The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology

2017 Volume 69, Issue 4, Page(s) 417–431

Abstract: Objectives: Dispersible tablets are proposed by the World Health Organization as the preferred paediatric formulation. It was hypothesised that tablets made from a powdered milk-base that disperse in water to form suspensions resembling milk might be a ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Dispersible tablets are proposed by the World Health Organization as the preferred paediatric formulation. It was hypothesised that tablets made from a powdered milk-base that disperse in water to form suspensions resembling milk might be a useful platform to improve acceptability in children. Methods: Milk-based dispersible tablets containing various types of powdered milk and infant formulae were formulated. The influence of milk type and content on placebo tablet properties was investigated using a design-of-experiments approach. Responses measured included friability, crushing strength and disintegration time. Additionally, the influence of compression force on the tablet properties of a model formulation was studied by compaction simulation. Key findings: Disintegration times increased as milk content increased. Compaction simulation studies showed that compression force influenced disintegration time. These results suggest that the milk content, rather than type, and compression force were the most important determinants of disintegration. Conclusion: Up to 30% milk could be incorporated to produce 200 mg 10-mm flat-faced placebo tablets by direct compression disintegrating within 3 min in 5-10 ml of water, which is a realistic administration volume in children. The platform could accommodate 30% of a model active pharmaceutical ingredient (caffeine citrate).
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical/methods ; Compressive Strength ; Drug Compounding ; Humans ; Milk/chemistry ; Milk/metabolism ; Solubility ; Tablets/administration & dosage ; Tablets/chemistry ; Tablets/metabolism ; Tensile Strength
Chemical Substances	Tablets
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3107-0
ISSN	2042-7158 ; 0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
ISSN (online)	2042-7158
ISSN	0022-3573 ; 0373-1022
DOI	10.1111/jphp.12570
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Article: Facile aqueous, room temperature preparation of high transverse relaxivity clustered iron oxide nanoparticles

Hobson, Nicholas J / Xian Weng / Marianne Ashford / Nguyen T.K. Thanh / Andreas G. Schätzlein / Ijeoma F. Uchegbu

Colloids and surfaces. 2019 June 05, v. 570

2019

Abstract: Clustering superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is one method of providing the biomedical benefits of larger SPIONs [e.g. superior T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast] without increasing particle size. The work presented ... ...

Abstract	Clustering superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) is one method of providing the biomedical benefits of larger SPIONs [e.g. superior T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast] without increasing particle size. The work presented herein, describes the facile synthesis of clustered SPIONs that are suitable for MRI applications, by using a chitosan based polymer: N-palmitoyl-N-monomethyl-N-N-dimethyl-N-N-N-trimethyl-6-O-glycolchitosan (GCPQ) and aqueous nanoprecipitation followed by probe sonication, in the absence of organic solvents or elevated temperatures. The resulting clustered SPIONs consist of individual 8 nm iron oxide nanoparticles clustered into a 150 nm particle with a positive zeta potential (+23 mV) at neutral pH. X-ray diffraction confirms the presence of crystalline magnetic iron oxide, while magnetometer experiments show the clustered SPIONs are superparamagnetic giving an overall Ms of 63.5 ± 1.3 emu g−1. Relaxometry analyses revealed that the clustered SPIONs (inclusive of coatings) had a high r2 value of 294.8 mM−1 s−1 and an r2/r1 of 21.1 making the clustered SPIONs suitable for T2 weighted (negative) MRI contrast imaging applications. The resulting clustered SPIONs demonstrate that highly sensitive T2 contrast agents may be produced in mild room temperature conditions, without the need for organic solvents or low molecular weight surfactants.
Keywords	X-ray diffraction ; ambient temperature ; chitosan ; coatings ; image analysis ; magnetic resonance imaging ; magnetism ; molecular weight ; nanoparticles ; pH ; particle size ; polymers ; solvents ; sonication ; surfactants ; zeta potential
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0605
Size	p. 165-171.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1500517-3
ISSN	0927-7757
ISSN	0927-7757
DOI	10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.03.023
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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