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Article ; Online: Continuous and simultaneous measurement of triple-oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of liquid and vapor during evaporation experiments.

Brady, Matthew P / Hodell, David A

Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM

2021 Volume 35, Issue 10, Page(s) e9078

Abstract: Rationale: Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes are important tools for studying the modern and past hydrological cycle. Previous evaporation experiments used episodic measurement of liquid and/or vapor or did not measure all isotopologues of water. Here, we ... ...

Abstract	Rationale: Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes are important tools for studying the modern and past hydrological cycle. Previous evaporation experiments used episodic measurement of liquid and/or vapor or did not measure all isotopologues of water. Here, we describe an evaporation experimental system that allows all isotopologues of liquid and water vapor to be measured simultaneously and near-continuously at high precision using cavity ring-down laser spectroscopy (CRDS). Methods: Evaporating liquid is periodically sampled from a closed recirculating loop by a syringe pump that delivers a constant supply of water to the vaporizer, achieving a water vapor concentration of 20,000 ppmV H Results: For liquid measurements, Allan variance analysis indicates an optimum data collection window of 34 min for oxygen isotopes and 27 min for hydrogen isotopes. During these periods, the mean standard error is ±0.0081‰ for δ Conclusions: The experimental method permits measurement of fractionation of triple-oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of evaporating water under varying controlled conditions at high precision. Application of this method will be useful for testing theoretical models of evaporation and conducting experiments to simulate evaporation and isotopic equilibration in natural systems.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	58731-x
ISSN	1097-0231 ; 0951-4198
ISSN (online)	1097-0231
ISSN	0951-4198
DOI	10.1002/rcm.9078
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Article ; Online: Changes in North Atlantic deep-water oxygenation across the Middle Pleistocene Transition.

Thomas, Nicola C / Bradbury, Harold J / Hodell, David A

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2022 Volume 377, Issue 6606, Page(s) 654–659

Abstract: The oxygen concentrations of oceanic deep-water and atmospheric carbon dioxide ( ...

Abstract	The oxygen concentrations of oceanic deep-water and atmospheric carbon dioxide (
MeSH term(s)	Carbon Dioxide/analysis ; Foraminifera ; Ice Cover/chemistry ; Ice Cover/microbiology ; Oxygen/analysis ; Seawater/chemistry ; Seawater/microbiology
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J) ; Oxygen (S88TT14065)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.abj7761
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Article ; Online: The smoking gun of the ice ages.

Hodell, David A

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2016 Volume 354, Issue 6317, Page(s) 1235–1236

Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.aal4111
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Article ; Online: Clay hydroxyl isotopes show an enhanced hydrologic cycle during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum.

Walters, Gregory L / Kemp, Simon J / Hemingway, Jordon D / Johnston, David T / Hodell, David A

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 7885

Abstract: The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an abrupt global warming event associated with a large injection of carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, as evidenced by a diagnostic carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Evidence also suggests substantial ... ...

Abstract	The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was an abrupt global warming event associated with a large injection of carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, as evidenced by a diagnostic carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Evidence also suggests substantial hydrologic perturbations, but details have been hampered by a lack of appropriate proxies. To address this shortcoming, here we isolate and measure the isotopic composition of hydroxyl groups (OH
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-35545-2
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Book ; Online: Stratigraphic templates for ice core records of the past 1.5 million years

Wolff, Eric W. / Fischer, Hubertus / Ommen, Tas / Hodell, David A.

eISSN: 1814-9332

2022

Abstract: The international ice core community has a target to obtain continuous ice cores stretching back as far as 1.5 million years. This would provide vital data (including a CO 2 profile) allowing us to assess ideas about the cause of the Mid-Pleistocene ... ...

Abstract	The international ice core community has a target to obtain continuous ice cores stretching back as far as 1.5 million years. This would provide vital data (including a CO 2 profile) allowing us to assess ideas about the cause of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). The European Beyond EPICA project and the Australian Million Year Ice Core project each plan to drill such a core in the region known as Little Dome C. Dating the cores will be challenging, and one approach will be to match some of the records obtained with existing marine sediment datasets, informed by similarities in the existing 800 kyr period. Water isotopes in Antarctica have been shown to closely mirror deepwater temperature, estimated from Mg / Ca ratios of benthic foraminifera, in a marine core on the Chatham Rise near to New Zealand. The dust record in ice cores resembles very closely a South Atlantic marine record of iron accumulation rate. By assuming these relationships continue beyond 800 ka, our ice core record could be synchronised to dated marine sediments. This could be supplemented, and allow synchronisation at higher resolution, by the identification of rapid millennial scale-events that are observed both in Antarctic methane records and in emerging records of planktic oxygen isotopes and alkenone sea surface temperature (SST) from the Portuguese Margin. Although published data remain quite sparse, it should also be possible to match 10 Be from ice cores to records of geomagnetic palaeointensity and authigenic 10 Be/ 9 Be in marine sediments. However, there are a number of issues that have to be resolved before the ice core 10 Be record can be used. The approach of matching records to a template will be most successful if the new core is in stratigraphic order, but should also provide constraints on disordered records, if used in combination with absolute radiogenic ages.
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-11
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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Book ; Online: Stratigraphic templates for ice core records of the past 1.5 Myr

Wolff, Eric W. / Fischer, Hubertus / Ommen, Tas / Hodell, David A.

eISSN: 1814-9332

2022

Abstract: The international ice core community has a target to obtain continuous ice cores stretching back as far as 1.5 Myr. This would provide vital data (including a CO 2 profile) allowing us to assess ideas about the cause of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition ( ... ...

Abstract	The international ice core community has a target to obtain continuous ice cores stretching back as far as 1.5 Myr. This would provide vital data (including a CO 2 profile) allowing us to assess ideas about the cause of the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT). The European Beyond EPICA project and the Australian Million Year Ice Core project each plan to drill such a core in the region known as Little Dome C. Dating the cores will be challenging, and one approach will be to match some of the records obtained with existing marine sediment datasets, informed by similarities in the existing 800 kyr period. Water isotopes in Antarctica have been shown to closely mirror deepwater temperature, estimated from <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><mi mathvariant="normal">Mg</mi><mo>/</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">Ca</mi></mrow></math> <svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="6a49333f4c0062578a4b6eb2e474aab0"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="cp-18-1563-2022-ie00001.svg" width="37pt" height="14pt" src="cp-18-1563-2022-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg> ratios of benthic foraminifera, in a marine core on the Chatham Rise near to New Zealand. The dust record in ice cores resembles very closely a South Atlantic marine record of iron accumulation rate. By assuming these relationships continue beyond 800 ka, our ice core record could be synchronised to dated marine sediments. This could be supplemented, and allow synchronisation at higher resolution, by the identification of rapid millennial-scale events that are observed both in Antarctic methane records and in emerging records of planktic oxygen isotopes and alkenone sea surface temperature (SST) from the Portuguese Margin. Although published data remain quite sparse, it should also be possible to match 10 Be ...
Subject code	333 ; 550
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-07
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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Article ; Online: Extreme glacial cooling likely led to hominin depopulation of Europe in the Early Pleistocene.

Margari, Vasiliki / Hodell, David A / Parfitt, Simon A / Ashton, Nick M / Grimalt, Joan O / Kim, Hyuna / Yun, Kyung-Sook / Gibbard, Philip L / Stringer, Chris B / Timmermann, Axel / Tzedakis, Polychronis C

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2023 Volume 381, Issue 6658, Page(s) 693–699

Abstract: The oldest known hominin remains in Europe [~1.5 to ~1.1 million years ago (Ma)] have been recovered from Iberia, where paleoenvironmental reconstructions have indicated warm and wet interglacials and mild glacials, supporting the view that once ... ...

Abstract	The oldest known hominin remains in Europe [~1.5 to ~1.1 million years ago (Ma)] have been recovered from Iberia, where paleoenvironmental reconstructions have indicated warm and wet interglacials and mild glacials, supporting the view that once established, hominin populations persisted continuously. We report analyses of marine and terrestrial proxies from a deep-sea core on the Portugese margin that show the presence of pronounced millennial-scale climate variability during a glacial period ~1.154 to ~1.123 Ma, culminating in a terminal stadial cooling comparable to the most extreme events of the last 400,000 years. Climate envelope-model simulations reveal a drastic decrease in early hominin habitat suitability around the Mediterranean during the terminal stadial. We suggest that these extreme conditions led to the depopulation of Europe, perhaps lasting for several successive glacial-interglacial cycles.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Hominidae ; Climate ; Ecosystem ; Cold Temperature ; Climate Change
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.adf4445
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Article ; Online: The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Human Period.

Gázquez, Fernando / Bauska, Thomas K / Comas-Bru, Laia / Ghaleb, Bassam / Calaforra, José-María / Hodell, David A

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 14705

Abstract: Carbonate cave deposits (speleothems) have been used widely for paleoclimate reconstructions; however, few studies have examined the utility of other speleothem-forming minerals for this purpose. Here we demonstrate for the first time that stable ... ...

Abstract	Carbonate cave deposits (speleothems) have been used widely for paleoclimate reconstructions; however, few studies have examined the utility of other speleothem-forming minerals for this purpose. Here we demonstrate for the first time that stable isotopes (δ
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-71679-3
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Article ; Online: Author Correction: The potential of gypsum speleothems for paleoclimatology: application to the Iberian Roman Humid Period.

Gázquez, Fernando / Bauska, Thomas K / Comas-Bru, Laia / Ghaleb, Bassam / Calaforra, José-María / Hodell, David A

Scientific reports

2020 Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 17256

Abstract: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

Abstract	An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-74290-8
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Book ; Online: A 1.5-million-year record of orbital and millennial climate variability in the North Atlantic

Hodell, David A. / Crowhurst, Simon J. / Lourens, Lucas / Margari, Vasiliki / Nicolson, John / Rolfe, James E. / Skinner, Luke C. / Thomas, Nicola C. / Tzedakis, Polychronis C. / Mleneck-Vautravers, Maryline J. / Wolff, Eric W.

eISSN: 1814-9332

2023

Abstract: Climate during the last glacial period was marked by abrupt instability on millennial timescales that included large swings of temperature in and around Greenland (Daansgard–Oeschger events) and smaller, more gradual changes in Antarctica (AIM events). ... ...

Abstract	Climate during the last glacial period was marked by abrupt instability on millennial timescales that included large swings of temperature in and around Greenland (Daansgard–Oeschger events) and smaller, more gradual changes in Antarctica (AIM events). Less is known about the existence and nature of similar variability during older glacial periods, especially during the early Pleistocene when glacial cycles were dominantly occurring at 41 kyr intervals compared to the much longer and deeper glaciations of the more recent period. Here, we report a continuous millennially resolved record of stable isotopes of planktic and benthic foraminifera at IODP Site U1385 (the “Shackleton Site”) from the southwestern Iberian margin for the last 1.5 million years, which includes the Middle Pleistocene Transition (MPT). Our results demonstrate that millennial climate variability (MCV) was a persistent feature of glacial climate, both before and after the MPT. Prior to 1.2 Ma in the early Pleistocene, the amplitude of MCV was modulated by the 41 kyr obliquity cycle and increased when axial tilt dropped below 23.5 ∘ and benthic δ 18 O exceeded ∼3.8 ‰ (corrected to Uvigerina ), indicating a threshold response to orbital forcing. Afterwards, MCV became focused mainly on the transitions into and out of glacial states (i.e. inceptions and terminations) and during times of intermediate ice volume. After 1.2 Ma, obliquity continued to play a role in modulating the amplitude of MCV, especially during times of glacial inceptions, which are always associated with declining obliquity. A non-linear role for obliquity is also indicated by the appearance of multiples (82, 123 kyr) and combination tones (28 kyr) of the 41 kyr cycle. Near the end of the MPT ( ∼0.65 Ma), obliquity modulation of MCV amplitude wanes as quasi-periodic 100 kyr and precession power increase, coinciding with the growth of oversized ice sheets on North America and the appearance of Heinrich layers in North Atlantic sediments. Whereas the planktic δ 18 O of Site U1385 ...
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-16
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
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