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  1. Article ; Online: Navigating Pregnancy for Employees in Civilian Rotary-Wing Aeromedicine.

    Storey, Heather M / Austin, Jemma / Davies-White, Natalie L / Ransley, David G / Hodkinson, Peter D

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 12, Page(s) 866–876

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION:
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Aircraft ; Risk Management
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6115.2022
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  2. Article ; Online: Cardiorespiratory Responses to Voluntary Hyperventilation During Normobaric Hypoxia.

    Haddon, Alexander / Kanhai, Joel / Nako, Onalenna / Smith, Thomas G / Hodkinson, Peter D / Pollock, Ross D

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 2, Page(s) 59–65

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Carbon Dioxide ; Hyperventilation ; Hypoxia ; Oximetry ; Altitude
    Chemical Substances Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6163.2023
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  3. Article ; Online: Oh G: The x, y and z of human physiological responses to acceleration.

    Pollock, Ross D / Hodkinson, Peter D / Smith, Thomas G

    Experimental physiology

    2021  Volume 106, Issue 12, Page(s) 2367–2384

    Abstract: New findings: What is the topic of this review? This review focuses on the main physiological challenges associated with exposure to acceleration in the Gx, Gy and Gz directions and to microgravity. What advances does it highlight? Our current ... ...

    Abstract New findings: What is the topic of this review? This review focuses on the main physiological challenges associated with exposure to acceleration in the Gx, Gy and Gz directions and to microgravity. What advances does it highlight? Our current understanding of the physiology of these environments and latest strategies to protect against them are discussed in light of the limited knowledge we have in some of these areas.
    Abstract: The desire to go higher, faster and further has taken us to environments where the accelerations placed on our bodies far exceed or are much lower than that attributable to Earth's gravity. While on the ground, racing drivers of the fastest cars are exposed to high degrees of lateral acceleration (Gy) during cornering. In the air, while within the confines of the lower reaches of Earth's atmosphere, fast jet pilots are routinely exposed to high levels of acceleration in the head-foot direction (Gz). During launch and re-entry of suborbital and orbital spacecraft, astronauts and spaceflight participants are exposed to high levels of chest-back acceleration (Gx), whereas once in space the effects of gravity are all but removed (termed microgravity, μG). Each of these environments has profound effects on the homeostatic mechanisms within the body and can have a serious impact, not only for those with underlying pathology but also for healthy individuals. This review provides an overview of the main challenges associated with these environments and our current understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological adaptations to them. Where relevant, protection strategies are discussed, with the implications of our future exposure to these environments also being considered.
    MeSH term(s) Acceleration ; Adaptation, Physiological ; Humans ; Space Flight ; Weightlessness/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1016295-1
    ISSN 1469-445X ; 0958-0670
    ISSN (online) 1469-445X
    ISSN 0958-0670
    DOI 10.1113/EP089712
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  4. Article ; Online: Measuring Arterial Oxygen Saturation Using Wearable Devices Under Varying Conditions.

    Hearn, Eleanor L / Byford, Jack / Wolfe, Christopher / Agyei, Cheryl / Hodkinson, Peter D / Pollock, Ross D / Smith, Thomas G

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 1, Page(s) 42–47

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oxygen Saturation ; Oximetry ; Oxygen ; Hypoxia/diagnosis ; Wearable Electronic Devices
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6078.2023
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Physiological Effects of Centrifuge-Simulated Suborbital Spaceflight.

    Smith, Thomas G / Pollock, Ross D / Britton, Joseph K / Green, Nicholas D C / Hodkinson, Peter D / Mitchell, Stuart J / Stevenson, Alec T

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 12, Page(s) 830–839

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND:
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aerospace Medicine ; Space Flight ; Centrifugation ; Hemodynamics ; Blood Pressure ; Acceleration
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.6153.2022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A Novel Biopsychosocial Approach to Neck Pain in Military Helicopter Aircrew.

    Vail, Richard E / Harridge, Stephen D R / Hodkinson, Peter D / Green, Nicholas D C / Pavlou, Marousa

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2021  Volume 92, Issue 5, Page(s) 333–341

    Abstract: INTRODUCTION: ...

    Abstract INTRODUCTION:
    MeSH term(s) Aerospace Medicine ; Aircraft ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Neck Pain ; Prevalence
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.5449.2021
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  7. Article: White Matter Status of Participants in Altitude Chamber Research and Training.

    Connolly, Desmond M / Lee, Vivienne M / Hodkinson, Peter D

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2018  Volume 89, Issue 9, Page(s) 777–786

    Abstract: Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans of U.S. Air Force (USAF) altitude workers show increased white matter hyperintensities (WMH) that appear related to decompression stress. Relevant exposure thresholds are unknown. This MRI ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans of U.S. Air Force (USAF) altitude workers show increased white matter hyperintensities (WMH) that appear related to decompression stress. Relevant exposure thresholds are unknown. This MRI survey compares the white matter status of UK participants (UKP) in altitude chamber research and training with USAF cohorts having background and increased WMH.
    Methods: UKP (N = 20) comprised 13 research subjects and 7 military altitude chamber instructors ages 33 to 50 yr (16 men, 4 women), encompassing 1417 decompressions over a 15,000-ft (4572 m) pressure altitude (range 11-189; median 50). High resolution MRI reproduced USAF sequences and data were analyzed at the University of Maryland to validate comparison with age-matched USAF control (DOC; N = 85) and aerospace operational physiologist (PHY; N = 55) cohorts.
    Results: UKP data are dichotomous: 17 subjects (85%) had normal scans (total 19 WMH) and three outliers had excess (>15) WMH (total of 83 lesions). WMH were not associated with metrics of decompression history (total exposures, rapid decompression, pressure breathing, hypoxia familiarization, decompression sickness, or exposure intensity). Ranked data indicate that UKP have fewer WMH than PHY but not DOC. UKP outliers' excess WMH are attributable to past mild traumatic brain injury.
    Conclusions: WMH in UKP are unrelated to subjects' low intensity (brief, infrequent) experience of altitude chamber decompression, encompassing occasional hypobaric hypoxia and mild decompression sickness, even with cumulative experience over many years. Such low intensity hypobaric exposure appears 'subthreshold' for promotion of WMH.Connolly DM, Lee VM, Hodkinson PD. White matter status of participants in altitude chamber research and training. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(9):777-786.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aerospace Medicine ; Altitude ; Biomedical Research ; Cohort Studies ; Decompression/methods ; Decompression Sickness ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; White Matter/diagnostic imaging ; White Matter/pathology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-09-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.5090.2018
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  8. Article ; Online: RE: Hernandez, R., Blanco, S., Peragon, J., Pedrosa, J. A., & Peinado, M. A. (2012). Hypobaric hypoxia and reoxygenation induce proteomic profile changes in the rat brain cortex. Neuromolecular Medicine, doi:10.1007/s12017-012-8197-7.

    Hodkinson, Peter D / Risdall, Jane E

    Neuromolecular medicine

    2013  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 1–2

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Atmospheric Pressure ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Hypoxia, Brain/metabolism ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/biosynthesis ; Proteomics
    Chemical Substances Nerve Tissue Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-07-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2077809-0
    ISSN 1559-1174 ; 1535-1084
    ISSN (online) 1559-1174
    ISSN 1535-1084
    DOI 10.1007/s12017-013-8246-x
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  9. Article ; Online: Transient Hemiballismus Induced by High G in a Fast Jet Pilot.

    Coysh, Thomas / Hodkinson, Peter D / Breen, David P

    Movement disorders clinical practice

    2016  Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 453–454

    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-08-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ISSN 2330-1619
    ISSN (online) 2330-1619
    DOI 10.1002/mdc3.12409
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  10. Article: Pulmonary Artery Pressure Response to Simulated Air Travel in a Hypobaric Chamber.

    Turner, Brandon E / Hodkinson, Peter D / Timperley, Andrew C / Smith, Thomas G

    Aerospace medicine and human performance

    2015  Volume 86, Issue 6, Page(s) 529–534

    Abstract: Background: Hypoxia-induced elevation in pulmonary artery pressure during air travel may contribute to the worldwide burden of in-flight medical emergencies. The pulmonary artery pressure response may be greater in older passengers, who are more likely ... ...

    Abstract Background: Hypoxia-induced elevation in pulmonary artery pressure during air travel may contribute to the worldwide burden of in-flight medical emergencies. The pulmonary artery pressure response may be greater in older passengers, who are more likely to require flight diversion due to a medical event. Understanding these effects may ultimately improve the safety of air travel.
    Methods: We studied 16 healthy volunteers, consisting of a younger group (aged <25 yr) and an older group (aged >60 yr). Using a hypobaric chamber, subjects undertook a 2-h simulated flight at the maximum cabin pressure altitude for commercial airline flights (8000 ft; 2438 m). Higher and lower altitudes within the aeromedical range were also explored. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) was assessed by Doppler echocardiography.
    Results: There was a progressive increase in sPAP which appeared to be biphasic, with a small initial increase and a larger subsequent rise. Overall, sPAP increased by 5±1 mmHg from baseline to 35±1 mmHg at 8000 ft, an increase of 18%. The sPAP response to 8000 ft was greater in the older group than the younger group.
    Conclusions: This study confirms that pulmonary artery pressure increases during simulated air travel, and provides preliminary evidence that this response is greater in older people. Advancing age may increase in-flight susceptibility to adverse pulmonary vascular responses in passengers, aircrew, and aeromedical patients.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aerospace Medicine ; Aged ; Air Travel ; Aircraft ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia/physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Artery/diagnostic imaging ; Pulmonary Artery/physiology ; Systole/physiology ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2809085-8
    ISSN 2375-6322 ; 2375-6314
    ISSN (online) 2375-6322
    ISSN 2375-6314
    DOI 10.3357/AMHP.4177.2015
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