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  1. Article ; Online: Genotype-guided drug prescribing vs. usual care reduced clinically relevant adverse drug reactions at 12 wk.

    Holbrook, Anne M

    Annals of internal medicine

    2023  Volume 176, Issue 6, Page(s) JC70

    Abstract: Source citation: Swen JJ, van der Wouden CH, Manson LE, et al; Ubiquitous Pharmacogenetics Consortium. ...

    Abstract Source citation: Swen JJ, van der Wouden CH, Manson LE, et al; Ubiquitous Pharmacogenetics Consortium.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/genetics ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/prevention & control ; Genotype ; Pharmacogenetics ; Drug Prescriptions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial ; Multicenter Study ; Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/J23-0031
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  2. Article ; Online: USPSTF recommends asking adults screening questions about unhealthy drug use.

    Holbrook, Anne M

    Annals of internal medicine

    2020  Volume 173, Issue 8, Page(s) JC38

    Abstract: Source citation: Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al. ...

    Abstract Source citation: Krist AH, Davidson KW, Mangione CM, et al.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Advisory Committees ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Preventive Health Services ; Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis
    Chemical Substances Pharmaceutical Preparations
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/ACPJ202010200-038
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  3. Article ; Online: Review: Multilevel and patient-level implementation strategies reduce BP more than usual care in hypertension.

    Holbrook, Anne M

    Annals of internal medicine

    2018  Volume 168, Issue 6, Page(s) JC29

    MeSH term(s) Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Determination ; Humans ; Hypertension
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/ACPJC-2018-168-6-029
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  4. Article ; Online: In healthy older adults, daily aspirin increased cancer mortality.

    Agarwal, Arnav / Holbrook, Anne M

    Annals of internal medicine

    2021  Volume 174, Issue 7, Page(s) JC74

    Abstract: Source citation: McNeil JJ, Gibbs P, Orchard SG, et al. ...

    Abstract Source citation: McNeil JJ, Gibbs P, Orchard SG, et al.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aspirin/adverse effects ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms
    Chemical Substances Aspirin (R16CO5Y76E)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 336-0
    ISSN 1539-3704 ; 0003-4819
    ISSN (online) 1539-3704
    ISSN 0003-4819
    DOI 10.7326/ACPJ202107200-074
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  5. Article ; Online: Comparability of Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and Written Tests for Assessing Medical School Students' Competencies: A Scoping Review.

    Chang, Oswin / Holbrook, Anne M / Lohit, Simran / Deng, Jiawen / Xu, Janice / Lee, Munil / Cheng, Alan

    Evaluation & the health professions

    2023  Volume 46, Issue 3, Page(s) 213–224

    Abstract: Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and written tests are commonly used to assess health professional students, but it remains unclear whether the additional human resources and expenses required for OSCEs, both in-person and online, are ... ...

    Abstract Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) and written tests are commonly used to assess health professional students, but it remains unclear whether the additional human resources and expenses required for OSCEs, both in-person and online, are worthwhile for assessing competencies. This scoping review summarized literature identified by searching MEDLINE and EMBASE comparing 1) OSCEs and written tests and 2) in-person and online OSCEs, for assessing health professional trainees' competencies. For Q1, 21 studies satisfied inclusion criteria. The most examined health profession was medical trainees (19, 90.5%), the comparison was most frequently OSCEs versus multiple-choice questions (MCQs) (18, 85.7%), and 18 (87.5%) examined the same competency domain. Most (77.5%) total score correlation coefficients between testing methods were weak (
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Schools, Medical ; Clinical Competence ; Educational Measurement/methods ; Students, Medical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 603792-6
    ISSN 1552-3918 ; 0163-2787
    ISSN (online) 1552-3918
    ISSN 0163-2787
    DOI 10.1177/01632787231165797
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  6. Article ; Online: Deprescribing benzodiazepine receptor agonists taken for insomnia: a review and key messages from practice guidelines.

    Lee, Justin Y / Farrell, Barbara / Holbrook, Anne M

    Polish archives of internal medicine

    2018  Volume 129, Issue 1, Page(s) 43–49

    Abstract: Long‑term benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BZRA) use for insomnia is common and highly prevalent in adults in all care settings. Evidence syntheses suggest that the therapeutic benefits of benzodiazepines for insomnia are marginal and very short term. On ...

    Abstract Long‑term benzodiazepine receptor agonist (BZRA) use for insomnia is common and highly prevalent in adults in all care settings. Evidence syntheses suggest that the therapeutic benefits of benzodiazepines for insomnia are marginal and very short term. On the harm side, BZRAs are associated with daytime sedation and confusion. Long‑term use increases the risk of falls, fractures, cognitive impairment, and motor vehicle accidents. An evidence‑based clinical practice guideline has been developed to assist with deprescribing BZRAs. This review highlights the rationale for deprescribing BZRAs used for insomnia and summarizes key messages for clinicians from the new BZRA deprescribing guideline and their supporting evidence.
    MeSH term(s) Deprescriptions ; GABA-A Receptor Agonists/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy
    Chemical Substances GABA-A Receptor Agonists
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-13
    Publishing country Poland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 123500-x
    ISSN 1897-9483 ; 0032-3772
    ISSN (online) 1897-9483
    ISSN 0032-3772
    DOI 10.20452/pamw.4391
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  7. Article ; Online: Managing High-Cost Healthcare Users: The International Search for Effective Evidence-Supported Strategies.

    Lee, Justin Y / Muratov, Sergei / Tarride, Jean-Eric / Holbrook, Anne M

    Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

    2018  Volume 66, Issue 5, Page(s) 1002–1008

    Abstract: High-cost healthcare users (HCUs) are a small proportion of the population who use a disproportionate amount of healthcare resources. Although the phenomenon occurs across the entire age spectrum, older adults represent the majority of HCUs. HCUs have ... ...

    Abstract High-cost healthcare users (HCUs) are a small proportion of the population who use a disproportionate amount of healthcare resources. Although the phenomenon occurs across the entire age spectrum, older adults represent the majority of HCUs. HCUs have drawn increasing attention internationally from clinicians, health policy-makers, and government administrators. Many experts have suggested that the short- and long-term sustainability of the healthcare system is threatened unless current approaches to the care and healthcare costs of this population are modified. Complex case management and care coordination models are being implemented internationally to address HCUs despite a lack of strong evidence to support their effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes or savings in costs of care. We review what is known about HCUs and the available evidence for the effectiveness of interventions designed to manage their high and costly healthcare use.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Delivery of Health Care/economics ; Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Internationality ; Risk Factors ; Terminal Care/economics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80363-7
    ISSN 1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
    ISSN (online) 1532-5415
    ISSN 0002-8614
    DOI 10.1111/jgs.15257
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  8. Article ; Online: Cost-related medication nonadherence in Canada: a systematic review of prevalence, predictors, and clinical impact.

    Holbrook, Anne M / Wang, Mei / Lee, Munil / Chen, Zhiyuan / Garcia, Michael / Nguyen, Laura / Ford, Angela / Manji, Selina / Law, Michael R

    Systematic reviews

    2021  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 11

    Abstract: Background: Cost-related nonadherence to medications (CRNA) is common in many countries and thought to be associated with adverse outcomes. The characteristics of CRNA in Canada, with its patchwork coverage of increasingly expensive medications, are ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cost-related nonadherence to medications (CRNA) is common in many countries and thought to be associated with adverse outcomes. The characteristics of CRNA in Canada, with its patchwork coverage of increasingly expensive medications, are unclear.
    Objectives: Our objective in this systematic review was to summarize the literature evaluating CRNA in Canada in three domains: prevalence, predictors, and effect on clinical outcomes.
    Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library from 1992 to December 2019 using search terms covering medication adherence, costs, and Canada. Eligible studies, without restriction on design, had to have original data on at least one of the three domains specifically for Canadian participants. Articles were identified and reviewed in duplicate. Risk of bias was assessed using design-specific tools.
    Results: Twenty-six studies of varying quality (n = 483,065 Canadians) were eligible for inclusion. Sixteen studies reported on the overall prevalence of CRNA, with population-based estimates ranging from 5.1 to 10.2%. Factors predicting CRNA included high out-of-pocket spending, low income or financial flexibility, lack of drug insurance, younger age, and poorer health. A single randomized trial of free essential medications with free delivery in Ontario improved adherence but did not find any change in clinical outcomes at 1 year.
    Conclusion: CRNA affects many Canadians. The estimated percentage depends on the sampling frame, the main predictors tend to be financial, and its association with clinical outcomes in Canada remains unproven.
    MeSH term(s) Canada/epidemiology ; Health Expenditures ; Humans ; Insurance, Pharmaceutical Services ; Medication Adherence ; Prevalence ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
    ZDB-ID 2662257-9
    ISSN 2046-4053 ; 2046-4053
    ISSN (online) 2046-4053
    ISSN 2046-4053
    DOI 10.1186/s13643-020-01558-5
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  9. Article ; Online: Treating insomnia.

    Holbrook, Anne M

    BMJ (Clinical research ed.)

    2004  Volume 329, Issue 7476, Page(s) 1198–1199

    MeSH term(s) Benzodiazepines/adverse effects ; Benzodiazepines/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/adverse effects ; Hypnotics and Sedatives/therapeutic use ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders/drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Benzodiazepines (12794-10-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-11-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1362901-3
    ISSN 1756-1833 ; 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    ISSN (online) 1756-1833
    ISSN 0959-8154 ; 0959-8146 ; 0959-8138 ; 0959-535X ; 1759-2151
    DOI 10.1136/bmj.329.7476.1198
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  10. Article ; Online: Understanding the patient experience of cost-related non-adherence to prescription medications through typology development and application.

    Goldsmith, Laurie J / Kolhatkar, Ashra / Popowich, Dominic / Holbrook, Anne M / Morgan, Steven G / Law, Michael R

    Social science & medicine (1982)

    2017  Volume 194, Page(s) 51–59

    Abstract: Many patients report skipping doses, splitting pills, or not filling prescriptions due to out-of-pocket costs-a phenomenon known as cost-related non-adherence (CRNA). This study investigated CRNA from the patient's perspective, and, to our knowledge, is ... ...

    Abstract Many patients report skipping doses, splitting pills, or not filling prescriptions due to out-of-pocket costs-a phenomenon known as cost-related non-adherence (CRNA). This study investigated CRNA from the patient's perspective, and, to our knowledge, is the first study to undertake a qualitative investigation of CRNA specifically. We report the results from 35 semi-structured interviews conducted in 2014-15 with adults in four Canadian cities across two provinces. We used framework analysis to develop a CRNA typology to characterize major factors in patients' CRNA decisions. Our typology identifies four major components: (1) the insurance reason driving the drug cost, (2) the individual's overall financial flexibility, (3) the burden of drug cost on the individual's budget, and (4) the importance of the drug from the individual's perspective. The first two components set the context for CRNA and the final two components are the drivers for the CRNA decision. We also found four major patterns in CRNA experiences: (1) CRNA in individuals with low financial flexibility occurred for all levels of drug importance and all but the lowest level of cost burden; (2) CRNA for high importance drugs only occurred when the drug cost had a high burden on an individual's budget; (3) CRNA in individuals with more financial flexibility primarily occurred in drugs with medium importance but high or very high cost burdens; and (4) CRNA for low importance drugs occurred at almost all levels of drug cost burden. Our study furthers the understanding of how numerous factors such as income, insurance, and individual preferences combine and interact to influence CRNA and suggests that policy interventions must be multi-faceted or encourage significant insurance redesign to reduce CRNA.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Canada ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility/economics ; Humans ; Income/statistics & numerical data ; Male ; Medication Adherence/psychology ; Middle Aged ; Prescription Drugs/economics ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Chemical Substances Prescription Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 4766-1
    ISSN 1873-5347 ; 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    ISSN (online) 1873-5347
    ISSN 0037-7856 ; 0277-9536
    DOI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.10.007
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