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Article ; Online: Deep-Learning-Based Automated Identification and Visualization of Oral Cancer in Optical Coherence Tomography Images

Zihan Yang / Hongming Pan / Jianwei Shang / Jun Zhang / Yanmei Liang

Biomedicines, Vol 11, Iss 802, p

2023 Volume 802

Abstract: Early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer are critical for a better prognosis, but accurate and automatic identification is difficult using the available technologies. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used as diagnostic aid due to the ... ...

Abstract	Early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer are critical for a better prognosis, but accurate and automatic identification is difficult using the available technologies. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used as diagnostic aid due to the advantages of high resolution and non-invasion. We aim to evaluate deep-learning-based algorithms for OCT images to assist clinicians in oral cancer screening and diagnosis. An OCT data set was first established, including normal mucosa, precancerous lesion, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Then, three kinds of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were trained and evaluated by using four metrics (accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity). Moreover, the CNN-based methods were compared against machine learning approaches through the same dataset. The results show the performance of CNNs, with a classification accuracy of up to 96.76%, is better than the machine-learning-based method with an accuracy of 92.52%. Moreover, visualization of lesions in OCT images was performed and the rationality and interpretability of the model for distinguishing different oral tissues were evaluated. It is proved that the automatic identification algorithm of OCT images based on deep learning has the potential to provide decision support for the effective screening and diagnosis of oral cancer.
Keywords	optical coherence tomography ; oral cancer ; identification ; deep learning ; machine learning ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	006
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Role of Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody in mCRC Maintenance Therapy

Meiqin Yuan / Zeng Wang / Wangxia Lv / Hongming Pan

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Vol

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) combined with chemotherapy in patients with RAS (rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) can alleviate and stabilize the disease, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) combined with chemotherapy in patients with RAS (rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) can alleviate and stabilize the disease, effectively prolong the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), and improve the overall response rate (ORR), which is the first-line treatment standard scheme for RAS wild-type mCRC currently. However, whether anti-EGFR mAb can be used for the maintenance treatment after the first-line treatment of mCRC remains controversial. We reviewed the recent studies on anti-EGFR mAb. The contents include five parts, introduction, anti-EGFR mAb in mCRC and its status in first-line therapy, establishment of the maintenance treatment pattern after the standard first-line treatment for mCRC, research progress of anti-EGFR mAb in mCRC maintenance therapy, and conclusion. More studies support the maintenance treatment of anti-EGFR mAb, but some researchers raise the problems about high cost and drug resistance. Despite lack of the maintenance evidence of anti-EGFR mAb, especially lack of large-scale phase III prospective clinical trials, with the emergence of new evidence and more accurate screening of treatment-dominant groups, maintenance therapy with anti-EGFR mAb monotherapy or anti-EGFR mAb combined with fluorouracil-based schemes after first-line chemotherapy combined with anti-EGFR mAb therapy might strive for more treatment opportunities, optimize treatment strategies and prolong treatment continuity, and finally, lead to more survival benefit for suitable patients.
Keywords	mCRC ; maintenance therapy ; EGFR ; monoclonal antibody ; panitumumab ; cetuximab ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The benefit of anti-angiogenic therapy in EGFR exon 21 L858R mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients

Liangkun You / Xinnan Zheng / Danchen Deng / Hongming Pan / Weidong Han

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

a retrospective study

2022 Volume 10

Abstract: Abstract Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 21 L858R substitution benefit less from standard EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, and whether anti-angiogenic therapy was beneficial to the EGFR L858R subpopulation was ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 21 L858R substitution benefit less from standard EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, and whether anti-angiogenic therapy was beneficial to the EGFR L858R subpopulation was inconclusive. A retrospective study was conducted to investigate the survival benefit and the target characteristics of the anti-angiogenic agent in the EGFR L858R patients in our center, comparing those treated with or without anti-angiogenic therapy (cohort A and cohort B). At the median follow-up time of 31.0 months vs 32.7 months (cohort A vs. B) respectively, Cohort A (n = 58) had a significantly prolonged median OS compared to Cohort B (n = 101) (60.0 months vs.37.0 months, HR 0.51, p = 0.016). Anti-angiogenic therapy significantly prolonged the OS in patients with liver metastases (NA vs.26.0 months, HR 0.17, p = 0.023) comparing to patients without liver metastases (60.0 months vs.37.0 months, HR 0.63, p = 0.129). For brain metastatic patients, anti-angiogenic treatment tended to improve median OS with (65.0 months vs.35.0 months, HR 0.29, p = 0.068) or without brain radiotherapy (73.0 months vs.29.0 months, HR 0.24, p = 0.171). The grade 3 or more adverse events were manageable and consistent with previous studies. Patients with EGFR L858R mutation treated with anti-angiogenic therapy in their course of treatment had a significantly prolonged OS compared to those who had never received an anti-angiogenic agent. Patients with liver metastases might benefit more from anti-angiogenic therapy than those without.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: LncRNA XIST promotes liver cancer progression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-200b-3p to regulate ZEB1/2 expression

Lili Liu / Hua Jiang / Hongming Pan / Xiuming Zhu

Journal of International Medical Research, Vol

2021 Volume 49

Abstract: Objective To evaluate the predictive value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) for survival, and determine the involvement of miRNA(miR)-200b-3p and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) 1/2 in the pro-tumor effect of ...

Abstract	Objective To evaluate the predictive value of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) X-inactive specific transcript (XIST) for survival, and determine the involvement of miRNA(miR)-200b-3p and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) 1/2 in the pro-tumor effect of lncRNA XIST in liver cancer. Methods We evaluated lncRNA XIST expression in liver cancer tissues and cell lines by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and analyzed the correlation between its expression and overall survival of liver cancer patients by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Its effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were analyzed by Cell-Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays. The association between lncRNA XIST and miR-200b-3p, and the effects of lncRNA XIST on ZEB1/2 expression were explored using luciferase reporter assays, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Results The lncRNA XIST was significantly upregulated in liver cancer, and increased lncRNA XIST expression was associated with a poor prognosis. The lncRNA XIST promoted liver cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro , and acted as a molecular sponge for miR-200b-3p, and also regulated the expression of ZEB1/2 via miR-200b-3p. Conclusion The lncRNA XIST is an oncogenic lncRNA that promotes liver cancer metastasis, and its pro-metastatic phenotype can be partially attributed to the lncRNA XIST/miR-200b-3p/ZEB1/2 signaling axis.
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The efficiency of distress thermometer in the determination of supporting needs for cancer inpatients

Abdullah Al-Shaaobi / Murad Alahdal / Shiying Yu / Hongming Pan

Libyan Journal of Medicine, Vol 16, Iss

2021 Volume 1

Abstract: Psychological distress scale is highly recommended for cancer patients’ care. Several psychological scales have been implemented in cancer outpatient clinics. However, the use of the psychological distress scale, particularly distress thermometer (DT), ... ...

Abstract	Psychological distress scale is highly recommended for cancer patients’ care. Several psychological scales have been implemented in cancer outpatient clinics. However, the use of the psychological distress scale, particularly distress thermometer (DT), in the inpatient has not been reported. In this study, we report the efficacy of DT in the determination of cancer inpatients’ supporting needs. A total of 170 inpatients diagnosed with cancer have been enrolled in this study. Only 132 patients matched the inclusion criteria, while other cases were excluded because of other diseases associated with cancer. The standardized problem list (PL) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were implemented in comparison with DT. Then, the cut-off score of DT was performed to identify clinically significant differences. The analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that a DT cut-off score of 4 displayed 0.76 under the ROC curve. Sensitivity showed 0.86 sensitivity for cut-off score 4 and a specificity of 0.56 relative to the HADS cut-off score (≥15). DT scores were found independent of medical variables such as cancer type and stage, recurrence, or metastasis. Clinical ECOG-SP showed a significant association with the DT cut-off score (P ≤ 0.05). Regarding PL, patients with scores above DT cut-off were suffering 21 of 40 problems in all categories. Furthermore, patients that scored above the DT cut-off significantly showed an association with high support needs. DT scale showed significant performance in the evaluation of psychological distress among cancer inpatients through the efficient determination of their support needs.
Keywords	distress thermometer ; cancer inpatients ; ecog-sp scale ; cut-off score ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	150
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: NLRP3 and Gut Microbiota Homeostasis

Hongming Pan / Yuting Jian / Feijie Wang / Shaokun Yu / Jiannan Guo / Juntao Kan / Wei Guo

Cells, Vol 11, Iss 3758, p

Progress in Research

2022 Volume 3758

Abstract: The inflammasome is a platform for inflammatory signaling, and the NLRP3 inflammasome recognizes stimuli in vitro and in vivo, and releases inflammatory cytokines that trigger inflammation and pyroptosis. In the gut, the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key ... ...

Abstract	The inflammasome is a platform for inflammatory signaling, and the NLRP3 inflammasome recognizes stimuli in vitro and in vivo, and releases inflammatory cytokines that trigger inflammation and pyroptosis. In the gut, the NLRP3 inflammasome is a key sensor for protecting the body from damage and exogenous pathogens. It plays a fundamental role in maintaining the stability of the gut’s immune system. We focus on the role of NLRP3 as a key node in maintaining the homeostasis of gut microbiota which has not been fully highlighted in the past; gut microbiota and innate immunity, as well as the NLRP3 inflammasome, are discussed in this article.
Keywords	NLRP3 ; microbiota ; intestinal mucosal immunity ; inflammasome ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Macrophage membrane-biomimetic adhesive polycaprolactone nanocamptothecin for improving cancer-targeting efficiency and impairing metastasis

Kangkang Ying / Yifeng Zhu / Jianqin Wan / Chenyue Zhan / Yuchen Wang / Binbin Xie / Peirong Xu / Hongming Pan / Hangxiang Wang

Bioactive Materials, Vol 20, Iss , Pp 449-

2023 Volume 462

Abstract: The recent remarkable success and safety of mRNA lipid nanoparticle technology for producing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has stimulated intensive efforts to expand nanoparticle strategies to treat various ... ...

Abstract	The recent remarkable success and safety of mRNA lipid nanoparticle technology for producing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has stimulated intensive efforts to expand nanoparticle strategies to treat various diseases. Numerous synthetic nanoparticles have been developed for pharmaceutical delivery and cancer treatment. However, only a limited number of nanotherapies have enter clinical trials or are clinically approved. Systemically administered nanotherapies are likely to be sequestered by host mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), resulting in suboptimal pharmacokinetics and insufficient drug concentrations in tumors. Bioinspired drug-delivery formulations have emerged as an alternative approach to evade the MPS and show potential to improve drug therapeutic efficacy. Here we developed a biodegradable polymer-conjugated camptothecin prodrug encapsulated in the plasma membrane of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Polymer conjugation revived the parent camptothecin agent (e.g., 7-ethyl-10-hydroxy-camptothecin), enabling lipid nanoparticle encapsulation. Furthermore, macrophage membrane cloaking transformed the nonadhesive lipid nanoparticles into bioadhesive nanocamptothecin, increasing the cellular uptake and tumor-tropic effects of this biomimetic therapy. When tested in a preclinical murine model of breast cancer, macrophage-camouflaged nanocamptothecin exhibited a higher level of tumor accumulation than uncoated nanoparticles. Furthermore, intravenous administration of the therapy effectively suppressed tumor growth and the metastatic burden without causing systematic toxicity. Our study describes a combinatorial strategy that uses polymeric prodrug design and cell membrane cloaking to achieve therapeutics with high efficacy and low toxicity. This approach might also be generally applicable to formulate other therapeutic candidates that are not compatible or miscible with biomimetic delivery carriers.
Keywords	Polymer prodrug ; Macrophage membrane ; Cancer nanomedicine ; Antimetastasis ; Nanocamptothecin ; Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ; TA401-492 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Medical Cannabinoids for Cancer Cachexia

Jing Wang / Yanling Wang / Mengting Tong / Hongming Pan / Da Li

BioMed Research International, Vol

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 Volume 2019

Abstract: Objectives. Cancer cachexia (CCA) is an intractable and ineffective metabolic syndrome that attacks 50–80% of cancer patients. It reduces patient’s life quality, affects the efficacy of treatment, and then increases their mortality; however, there are no ...

Abstract	Objectives. Cancer cachexia (CCA) is an intractable and ineffective metabolic syndrome that attacks 50–80% of cancer patients. It reduces patient’s life quality, affects the efficacy of treatment, and then increases their mortality; however, there are no established therapeutic strategies for CCA in the world. In this study, we assess the positive and negative effects of cannabinoid in the treatment of CCA. Methods. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) in The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PubMed up to December 2017. Results. Of the 256 screened studies, three studies with a total of 592 participants were included. Compared with placebo, cannabinoid increased the appetite (MD 0.27, 95% CI -0.51 to 1.04; n= 3) but failed to improve the overall quality of life (QOL; MD -12.39, 95% CI [-24.21 to -0.57; n = 2), and a total of 441 patients had 607 adverse events (AEs; 496 in the cannabinoid group and 111 in the placebo group). Conclusions. Our analysis showed cannabinoid is effective in increasing appetite in cancer patients. However, it declines the quality of life, which may be due to the side effects of cannabinoid.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: BRAF Mutation as a Potential Therapeutic Target for Checkpoint Inhibitors

Shuyi Cen / Kun Liu / Yu Zheng / Jianzhen Shan / Chao Jing / Jiale Gao / Hongming Pan / Zhigang Bai / Zhen Liu

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol

A Comprehensive Analysis of Immune Microenvironment in BRAF Mutated Colon Cancer

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: BRAF mutated colon cancer presents with poor survival, and the treatment strategies are controversial. The tumor microenvironment, which plays a key role in tumorigenesis as well as responses to treatments, of this subtype is largely unknown. In the ... ...

Abstract	BRAF mutated colon cancer presents with poor survival, and the treatment strategies are controversial. The tumor microenvironment, which plays a key role in tumorigenesis as well as responses to treatments, of this subtype is largely unknown. In the present study, we analyzed the differences of immune microenvironments between BRAF mutated and BRAF wild-type colon cancer utilizing datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus and confirmed the findings by tissue specimens of patients. We found that BRAF mutated colon cancer had more stromal cells, more immune cell infiltration, and lower tumor purity. Many immunotherapeutic targets, including PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, LAG-3, and TIM-3, were highly expressed in BRAF mutated patients. BRAF mutation was also correlated with higher proportions of neutrophils and macrophages M1, and lower proportions of plasma cells, dendritic cells resting, and T cells CD4 naïve. In conclusion, our study demonstrates a different pattern of the immune microenvironment in BRAF mutated colon cancer and provides insights into the future use of checkpoint inhibitors in this subgroup of patients.
Keywords	BRAF ; colon cancer ; immune microenvironment ; immunotherapy ; therapeutic target ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Correlation between p-STAT3 overexpression and prognosis in lung cancer

Mengting Tong / Jing Wang / Nanyu Jiang / Hongming Pan / Da Li

PLoS ONE, Vol 12, Iss 8, p e

A systematic review and meta-analysis.

2017 Volume 0182282

Abstract: Previous studies have shown the correlation between p-STAT3 overexpression and prognosis in a variety of human tumors. However, their correlation in lung cancer remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies have shown the correlation between p-STAT3 overexpression and prognosis in a variety of human tumors. However, their correlation in lung cancer remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the correlation between p-STAT3 overexpression and prognosis in lung cancer patients.We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data to identify relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened the literature search results, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using Review Manager 5.3 and STATA 14 software. A random-effect model was employed to evaluate all related pooled results. Statistical heterogeneity of each study was assessed by I2. Publication bias was determined by funnel plot and the Begg's or Egger's tests.Eventually, 13 studies were included in present meta-analysis. Among these 13 studies, 8 studies were associated with the overall survival of lung cancer and 10 studies with other clinicopathological characteristics. The results of this meta-analysis suggested that p-STAT3 overexpression may be a poor prognosis biomarker in lung cancer (HR: 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04-1.46; P = 0.02). In terms of other clinicopathological characteristics, p-STAT3 overexpression was more frequent to advanced TNM stages ranging from III to IV (OR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.13-3.27; P = 0.02) and lymphatic node metastasis (OR: 1.81; 95% CI: 1.20-2.72; P = 0.004). But, it was not associated with tumor differentiation (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.44-1.53; P = 0.54).p-STAT3 overexpression has significant correlation with poorer overall survival of lung cancer patients, as well as with more advanced TNM stages and lymph node metastasis. Thus, it may serve a biomarker for poor prognosis in lung cancer. Nevertheless, our findings should be confirmed by large prospective studies.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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