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  1. Article ; Online: Foreword.

    Hopkins, Susan

    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

    2023  Volume 78, Issue Suppl 2, Page(s) ii1

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 191709-2
    ISSN 1460-2091 ; 0305-7453
    ISSN (online) 1460-2091
    ISSN 0305-7453
    DOI 10.1093/jac/dkad315
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    Zs.A 1197: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 124: Show issues

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  2. Article ; Online: The Pulmonary Vasculature.

    Hopkins, Susan R / Stickland, Michael K

    Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 5, Page(s) 538–554

    Abstract: The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance circuit whose primary function is to deliver deoxygenated blood to, and oxygenated blood from, the pulmonary capillary bed enabling gas exchange. The distribution of pulmonary blood flow is ... ...

    Abstract The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance circuit whose primary function is to deliver deoxygenated blood to, and oxygenated blood from, the pulmonary capillary bed enabling gas exchange. The distribution of pulmonary blood flow is regulated by several factors including effects of vascular branching structure, large-scale forces related to gravity, and finer scale factors related to local control. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is one such important regulatory mechanism. In the face of local hypoxia, vascular smooth muscle constriction of precapillary arterioles increases local resistance by up to 250%. This has the effect of diverting blood toward better oxygenated regions of the lung and optimizing ventilation-perfusion matching. However, in the face of global hypoxia, the net effect is an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Pulmonary vascular resistance describes the flow-resistive properties of the pulmonary circulation and arises from both precapillary and postcapillary resistances. The pulmonary circulation is also distensible in response to an increase in transmural pressure and this distention, in addition to recruitment, moderates pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. This article reviews the physiology of the pulmonary vasculature and briefly discusses how this physiology is altered by common circumstances.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Vasoconstriction/physiology ; Vascular Resistance ; Lung ; Pulmonary Circulation/physiology ; Hypoxia ; Blood Pressure
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1183617-9
    ISSN 1098-9048 ; 1069-3424
    ISSN (online) 1098-9048
    ISSN 1069-3424
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1770059
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Lessons identified for a future pandemic.

    Cunningham, Neil / Hopkins, Susan

    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy

    2023  Volume 78, Issue Suppl 2, Page(s) ii43–ii49

    Abstract: Pandemics are complex events requiring a coordinated, global response. The response to the pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in system preparedness. Lessons arising from the COVID-19 pandemic are characterized by four broad themes: (i) investment in ... ...

    Abstract Pandemics are complex events requiring a coordinated, global response. The response to the pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in system preparedness. Lessons arising from the COVID-19 pandemic are characterized by four broad themes: (i) investment in public health and health infrastructure, (ii) countermeasures (medical and non-medical), (iii) risk communication and public health measures and (iv) investment in people and partnerships. Learning from the COVID-19 pandemic identifies an approach that focusses on capacities and capabilities that are pathogen agnostic, ensuring that we can respond to diverse emerging infectious disease threats will be essential. The lessons learned from previous and ongoing infectious disease outbreaks should be kept under constant review, in line with technological and scientific advances, to improve our ability to detect, mitigate and respond to new and emerging threats.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Public Health ; Disease Outbreaks ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 191709-2
    ISSN 1460-2091 ; 0305-7453
    ISSN (online) 1460-2091
    ISSN 0305-7453
    DOI 10.1093/jac/dkad310
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 1197: Show issues Location:
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    Zs.MO 124: Show issues

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  4. Article ; Online: Capillary Red Cell Transit-Time is an Important Contributor to Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Diffusion Limitation.

    Hopkins, Susan R / Dempsey, Jerome A / Stickland, Michael K

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603994-7
    ISSN 1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    ISSN (online) 1530-0315
    ISSN 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003428
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 869: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: Capillary Red Cell Transit-Time is an Important Contributor to Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Diffusion Limitation: Response to Zavorsky.

    Hopkins, Susan R / Dempsey, Jerome A / Stickland, Michael K

    Medicine and science in sports and exercise

    2024  

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603994-7
    ISSN 1530-0315 ; 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    ISSN (online) 1530-0315
    ISSN 0195-9131 ; 0025-7990
    DOI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003430
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Ventilation/Perfusion Relationships and Gas Exchange: Measurement Approaches.

    Hopkins, Susan R

    Comprehensive Physiology

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) 1155–1205

    Abstract: Ventilation-perfusion ( ...

    Abstract Ventilation-perfusion (
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Lung/physiology ; Molecular Imaging/methods ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Respiration ; Ventilation-Perfusion Ratio
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Review
    ISSN 2040-4603
    ISSN (online) 2040-4603
    DOI 10.1002/cphy.c180042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: The Pulmonary Vasculature

    Hopkins, Susan R. / Stickland, Michael K.

    Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

    (Pulmonary Physiology)

    2023  Volume 44, Issue 05, Page(s) 538–554

    Abstract: The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance circuit whose primary function is to deliver deoxygenated blood to, and oxygenated blood from, the pulmonary capillary bed enabling gas exchange. The distribution of pulmonary blood flow is ... ...

    Series title Pulmonary Physiology
    Abstract The pulmonary circulation is a low-pressure, low-resistance circuit whose primary function is to deliver deoxygenated blood to, and oxygenated blood from, the pulmonary capillary bed enabling gas exchange. The distribution of pulmonary blood flow is regulated by several factors including effects of vascular branching structure, large-scale forces related to gravity, and finer scale factors related to local control. Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is one such important regulatory mechanism. In the face of local hypoxia, vascular smooth muscle constriction of precapillary arterioles increases local resistance by up to 250%. This has the effect of diverting blood toward better oxygenated regions of the lung and optimizing ventilation–perfusion matching. However, in the face of global hypoxia, the net effect is an increase in pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. Pulmonary vascular resistance describes the flow-resistive properties of the pulmonary circulation and arises from both precapillary and postcapillary resistances. The pulmonary circulation is also distensible in response to an increase in transmural pressure and this distention, in addition to recruitment, moderates pulmonary arterial pressure and vascular resistance. This article reviews the physiology of the pulmonary vasculature and briefly discusses how this physiology is altered by common circumstances.
    Keywords gravity ; Zone model ; fractal ; hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction ; pulmonary vascular resistance
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-01
    Publisher Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1183617-9
    ISSN 1098-9048 ; 1069-3424
    ISSN (online) 1098-9048
    ISSN 1069-3424
    DOI 10.1055/s-0043-1770059
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1555: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  8. Article ; Online: COV-BOOST: evidence to support rapid booster deployment.

    Hall, Victoria / Hopkins, Susan

    Lancet (London, England)

    2021  Volume 398, Issue 10318, Page(s) 2209–2211

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 3306-6
    ISSN 1474-547X ; 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    ISSN (online) 1474-547X
    ISSN 0023-7507 ; 0140-6736
    DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02799-9
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    Ua VI Zs.5: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: The effectiveness and efficiency of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies for patient and healthcare workers within acute NHS hospitals during an omicron-like period.

    Evans, Stephanie / Naylor, Nichola R / Fowler, Tom / Hopkins, Susan / Robotham, Julie

    BMC infectious diseases

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 64

    Abstract: Background: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing of hospitalised patients began in April-2020, with twice weekly healthcare worker (HCW) testing introduced in November-2020. Guidance recommending asymptomatic testing was withdrawn in August-2022. Assessing ... ...

    Abstract Background: Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing of hospitalised patients began in April-2020, with twice weekly healthcare worker (HCW) testing introduced in November-2020. Guidance recommending asymptomatic testing was withdrawn in August-2022. Assessing the impact of this decision from data alone is challenging due to concurrent changes in infection prevention and control practices, community transmission rates, and a reduction in ascertainment rate from reduced testing. Computational modelling is an effective tool for estimating the impact of this change.
    Methods: Using a computational model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in an English hospital we estimate the effectiveness of several asymptomatic testing strategies, namely; (1) Symptomatic testing of patients and HCWs, (2) testing of all patients on admission with/without repeat testing on days 3 and 5-7, and (3) symptomatic testing plus twice weekly asymptomatic HCW testing with 70% compliance. We estimate the number of patient and HCW infections, HCW absences, number of tests, and tests per case averted or absence avoided, with differing community prevalence rates over a 12-week period.
    Results: Testing asymptomatic patients on admission reduces the rate of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection by 8.1-21.5%. Additional testing at days 3 and 5-7 post admission does not significantly reduce infection rates. Twice weekly asymptomatic HCW testing can reduce the proportion of HCWs infected by 1.0-4.4% and monthly absences by 0.4-0.8%. Testing asymptomatic patients repeatedly requires up to 5.5 million patient tests over the period, and twice weekly asymptomatic HCW testing increases the total tests to almost 30 million. The most efficient patient testing strategy (in terms of tests required to prevent a single patient infection) was testing asymptomatic patients on admission across all prevalence levels. The least efficient was repeated testing of patients with twice weekly asymptomatic HCW testing in a low prevalence scenario, and in all other prevalence levels symptomatic patient testing with regular HCW testing was least efficient.
    Conclusions: Testing patients on admission can reduce the rate of nosocomial SARS-CoV-2 infection but there is little benefit of additional post-admission testing. Asymptomatic HCW testing has little incremental benefit for reducing patient cases at low prevalence but has a potential role at higher prevalence or with low community transmission. A full health-economic evaluation is required to determine the cost-effectiveness of these strategies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; SARS-CoV-2 ; State Medicine ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals ; Cross Infection/diagnosis ; Cross Infection/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-023-08948-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Assessing the pulmonary vascular responsiveness to oxygen with proton MRI.

    Kizhakke Puliyakote, Abhilash S / Tedjasaputra, Vincent / Petersen, Gregory M / Sá, Rui Carlos / Hopkins, Susan R

    Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)

    2024  Volume 136, Issue 4, Page(s) 853–863

    Abstract: Ventilation-perfusion matching occurs passively and is also actively regulated through hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). The extent of HPV activity in humans, particularly normal subjects, is uncertain. Current evaluation of HPV assesses changes ... ...

    Abstract Ventilation-perfusion matching occurs passively and is also actively regulated through hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV). The extent of HPV activity in humans, particularly normal subjects, is uncertain. Current evaluation of HPV assesses changes in ventilation-perfusion relationships/pulmonary vascular resistance with hypoxia and is invasive, or unsuitable for patients because of safety concerns. We used a noninvasive imaging-based approach to quantify the pulmonary vascular response to oxygen as a metric of HPV by measuring perfusion changes between breathing 21% and 30%O
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; Protons ; Pulmonary Circulation/physiology ; Hyperoxia ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Lung/physiology ; Hypoxia ; Vasoconstriction/physiology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065) ; Protons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 219139-8
    ISSN 1522-1601 ; 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
    ISSN (online) 1522-1601
    ISSN 0021-8987 ; 0161-7567 ; 8750-7587
    DOI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00747.2023
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