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Article ; Online: Do industrial N95 respirators meet the requirements to be used in healthcare? - A possible solution to respirator shortages during the next pandemic.

Rengasamy, Samy / Sbarra, Deborah / Horvatin, Matthew

2021 Volume 49, Issue 9, Page(s) 1194–1196

Abstract: Shortages of surgical N95 respirators (surgical N95 FFRs) can occur during a pandemic. To understand if industrial N95 FFRs have FDA required fluid penetration resistance and flammability, five NIOSH approved N95 models were evaluated using the ASTM ... ...

Abstract	Shortages of surgical N95 respirators (surgical N95 FFRs) can occur during a pandemic. To understand if industrial N95 FFRs have FDA required fluid penetration resistance and flammability, five NIOSH approved N95 models were evaluated using the ASTM F1862 method and flammability using the 16 CFR 1610 method, respectively. Three models passed both fluid penetration resistance and flammability indicating that some N95 models on the market can be used as surgical N95 FFRs during a pandemic.
MeSH term(s)	Delivery of Health Care ; Filtration ; Humans ; N95 Respirators ; Pandemics/prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; Ventilators, Mechanical
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2021.03.014
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Article ; Online: New technique to evaluate decontamination methods for filtering facepiece respirators.

Vo, Evanly / Rengasamy, Samy / Xu, Susan / Horvatin, Matthew / Zhuang, Ziqing

American journal of infection control

2021 Volume 49, Issue 4, Page(s) 416–423

Abstract: Background: A major concern among health care experts is a shortage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) during a pandemic. One option for mitigating an FFR shortage is to decontaminate and reuse the devices. The focus of this study was to ... ...

Abstract	Background: A major concern among health care experts is a shortage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) during a pandemic. One option for mitigating an FFR shortage is to decontaminate and reuse the devices. The focus of this study was to develop a new evaluation technique based on 3 major decontamination requirements: (1) inactivating viruses, (2) not altering the respirator properties, and (3) not leaving any toxic byproduct on the FFR. Methods: Hydrophilic and hydrophobic FFRs were contaminated with MS2 virus. In the solution-based deposition, the virus-containing liquid droplets were spiked directly onto FFRs, while in the vapor-based and aerosol-based depositions, the viral particles were loaded onto FFRs using a bio-aerosol testing system. Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) and moist heat (MH) decontamination methods were used for inactivation of viruses applied to FFRs. Results: Both UVGI and MH methods inactivated viruses (>5-log reduction of MS2 virus; in 92% of both method experiments, the virus was reduced to levels below the detection limit), did not alter the respirator properties, and did not leave any toxic byproduct on the FFRs. Conclusions: Both UVGI and MH methods could be considered as promising decontamination candidates for inactivation of viruses for respirator reuse during shortages.
MeSH term(s)	Decontamination ; Equipment Reuse ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Ventilators, Mechanical
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2021.01.017
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of the effects of wiping decontamination for filter cartridges of elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs).

Vo, Evanly / Horvatin, Matthew / Zhuang, Ziqing / McClain, Caitlin / Streeter, Rebecca / Brannen, Jeremy / Suhon, Nichole L

American journal of infection control

2023 Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 159–166

Abstract: Background: A major concern among health care experts is a shortage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators during a pandemic. If the supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators becomes limited, reusable elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs) may be ...

Abstract	Background: A major concern among health care experts is a shortage of N95 filtering facepiece respirators during a pandemic. If the supply of N95 filtering facepiece respirators becomes limited, reusable elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHMRs) may be used to protect health care workers. The focus of this study was to evaluate the effects on the filter performance of wiping decontamination for EHMR P100 filter cartridges. Methods: The filter cartridge exterior of EHMR Honeywell, Moldex, and Mine Safety Appliance (MSA) models was wiped using quaternary ammonium and sodium hypochlorite wipes. These filter cartridge properties were assessed including observational analysis and filter performance tests. These wiping and assessing procedures were repeated after each set of wiping cycles (50, 100, 150, 200, and 400 cycles) to determine the effects of wiping decontamination. Results: For sodium hypochlorite wipes, Honeywell, Moldex, and MSA models passed the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) liquid particulate penetration criteria for all wiping cycles from 50 to 400 (penetrations<0.014%). For quaternary ammonium wipes, filter penetrations of Moldex failed (penetrations>0.03%) after 150 cycles, while the filter penetrations of Honeywell and MSA passed for all wiping cycles (penetrations ≤0.013%). Conclusions: Wiping decontamination methods using sodium hypochlorite and quaternary ammonium wipes could be considered promising decontamination candidates for Honeywell, Moldex, and MSA reuse, except for the wiping number selection for Moldex (<150 cycles) when using the quaternary ammonium wipe.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Sodium Hypochlorite ; Decontamination/methods ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; Filtration ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Ammonium Compounds
Chemical Substances	Sodium Hypochlorite (DY38VHM5OD) ; Ammonium Compounds
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	392362-9
ISSN	1527-3296 ; 0196-6553
ISSN (online)	1527-3296
ISSN	0196-6553
DOI	10.1016/j.ajic.2023.05.013
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Article ; Online: A technique to measure respirator protection factors against aerosol particles in simulated workplace settings using portable instruments.

Vo, Evanly / Horvatin, Matthew / Bergman, Michael / Wu, Bingbing / Zhuang, Ziqing

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2020 Volume 17, Issue 5, Page(s) 231–242

Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop a new method to measure respirator protection factors for aerosol particles using portable instruments while workers conduct their normal work. The portable instruments, including a set of two handheld condensation ... ...

Abstract	The aim of this study was to develop a new method to measure respirator protection factors for aerosol particles using portable instruments while workers conduct their normal work. The portable instruments, including a set of two handheld condensation particle counters (CPCs) and two portable aerosol mobility spectrometers (PAMSs), were evaluated with a set of two reference scanning mobility particle sizers (SMPSs). The portable instruments were mounted to a tactical load-bearing vest or backpack and worn by the test subject while conducting their simulated workplace activities. Simulated workplace protection factors (SWPFs) were measured using human subjects exposed to sodium chloride aerosols at three different steady state concentration levels: low (8x10
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aerosols/analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Filtration/instrumentation ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Respiratory Protective Devices/standards
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants, Occupational
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2020.1735640
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Article ; Online: Performance Comparison of Field Portable Instruments to the Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer Using Monodispersed and Polydispersed Sodium Chloride Aerosols.

Vo, Evanly / Horvatin, Matthew / Zhuang, Ziqing

Annals of work exposures and health

2018 Volume 62, Issue 6, Page(s) 711–720

Abstract: This study compared the performance of the following field portable aerosol instrument sets to performance of the reference Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS): the handheld CPC-3007, the portable aerosol mobility spectrometer (PAMS), the NanoScan ... ...

Abstract	This study compared the performance of the following field portable aerosol instrument sets to performance of the reference Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS): the handheld CPC-3007, the portable aerosol mobility spectrometer (PAMS), the NanoScan scanning mobility particle sizer (NanoScan SMPS) combined with an optical particle sizer (OPS). Tests were conducted with monodispersed and polydispersed aerosols. Monodispersed aerosols were controlled at the approximate concentration of 1 × 105 particles cm-3 and four monodispersed particle sizes of 30, 60, 100, and 300 nm were selected and classified for the monodispersed aerosol test, while three different steady-state concentration levels (low, medium, and high: ~8 × 103, 5 × 104, and 1 × 105 particles cm-3, respectively) were selected for the polydispersed aerosol test. For all four monodispersed aerosol sizes, particle concentrations measured with the NanoScan SMPS were within 13% of those measured with the reference SMPS. Particle concentrations measured with the PAMS were within 25% of those measured with the reference SMPS. Concentrations measured with the handheld condensation particle counter were within 30% of those measured with the reference SMPS. For the polydispersed aerosols, the particle sizes and concentrations measured with the NanoScan-OPS compared most favorably with those measured with the reference SMPS for three different concentration levels of low, medium, and high (concentration deviations ≤10% for all three concentration levels; deviations of particle size ≤4%). Although the particle-size comparability between the PAMS and the reference SMPS was quite reasonable with the deviations within 10%, the polydispersed particle concentrations measured with the PAMS were within 36% of those measured with the reference SMPS. The results of this evaluation will be useful for selecting a suitable portable device for our next workplace study phase of respiratory protection assessment. This study also provided the advantages and limitations of each individual portable instrument and therefore results from this study can be used by industrial hygienists and safety professionals, with appropriate caution, when selecting a suitable portable instrument for aerosol particle measurement in nanotechnology workplaces.
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols/analysis ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring/methods ; Nanoparticles/analysis ; Occupational Exposure/analysis ; Particle Size ; Sodium Chloride/analysis ; Workplace
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2885096-8
ISSN	2398-7316 ; 2398-7308
ISSN (online)	2398-7316
ISSN	2398-7308
DOI	10.1093/annweh/wxy036
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of total inward leakage for NIOSH-approved elastomeric half-facepiece, full-facepiece, and powered air-purifying respirators using sodium chloride and corn oil aerosols.

Rengasamy, Samy / Zhuang, Ziqing / Lawrence, Robert B / Boutin, Brenda / Yorio, Patrick / Horvatin, Matthew / McClain, Caitlin / Harris, James R / Coffey, Christopher

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2021 Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 305–313

Abstract: Recently, total inward leakage (TIL) for filtering facepiece and elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) was measured according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) test method standard 16900-1:2014 that showed larger TIL for corn ...

Abstract	Recently, total inward leakage (TIL) for filtering facepiece and elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) was measured according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) test method standard 16900-1:2014 that showed larger TIL for corn oil aerosol than for NaCl aerosol. Comparison of TIL measured for different aerosols for higher protection level respirators is lacking. The objective of this study was to determine TIL for EHRs, full-facepiece respirators, and loose-fitting and tight-fitting powered air-purifying respirators (PAPRs) using NaCl and corn oil aerosols to compare. TIL was measured for two models each of EHRs, full-facepiece respirators, and loose-fitting and tight-fitting PAPRs. After fit testing with a PortaCount (TSI, St. Paul, MN) using the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) protocol, eight subjects were tested in the NaCl aerosol chamber first and then in the corn oil aerosol chamber, while another eight subjects tested in the reverse order. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. TIL was measured as a ratio of mass-based aerosol concentrations inside the mask to the test chamber while the subjects performed ISO 16900-1-defined exercises using continuous sampling methods. The concentration of corn oil aerosol was measured with one light scattering photometer, alternately, and NaCl aerosol was measured using two flame photometers. Results showed the geometric mean TIL for EHR was significantly (
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols ; Corn Oil ; Filtration ; Humans ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Particle Size ; Respiratory Protective Devices ; Sodium Chloride/analysis ; United States
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Sodium Chloride (451W47IQ8X) ; Corn Oil (8001-30-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2021.1919685
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Article ; Online: Effect of multiple alcohol-based hand rub applications on the tensile properties of thirteen brands of medical exam nitrile and latex gloves.

Gao, Pengfei / Horvatin, Matthew / Niezgoda, George / Weible, Robyn / Shaffer, Ronald

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2016 Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) 905–914

Abstract: Current CDC guidance for the disinfection of gloved hands during the doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) following the care of a patient with Ebola recommends for multiple applications of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) on medical exam gloves. ... ...

Abstract	Current CDC guidance for the disinfection of gloved hands during the doffing of personal protective equipment (PPE) following the care of a patient with Ebola recommends for multiple applications of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) on medical exam gloves. To evaluate possible effects of ABHR applications on glove integrity, thirteen brands of nitrile and latex medical exam gloves from five manufacturers and two different ABHRs were included in this study. A pair of gloves were worn by a test operator and the outside surfaces of the gloves were separately treated with an ABHR for 1-6 applications. Tensile strength and ultimate elongation of the gloves without any ABHR treatments (control gloves) and gloves after 1-6 ABHR applications were measured based on the ASTM D412 standard method. In general, tensile strength decreased with each ABHR application. ABHRs had more effect on the tensile strength of the tested nitrile than latex gloves, while ethanol-based ABHR (EBHR) resulted in lesser changes in tensile strength compared to isopropanol-based ABHR (IBHR). The results show that multiple EBHR applications on the latex gloves and some of the nitrile gloves tested should be safe for Ebola PPE doffing based on the CDC guidance. Appropriate hospital staff practice using ABHR treatment and doffing gloves is recommended to become more familiar with changes in glove properties.
MeSH term(s)	2-Propanol/chemistry ; Disinfection/methods ; Equipment Failure ; Ethanol/chemistry ; Gloves, Protective ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola/transmission ; Humans ; Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional/prevention & control ; Latex/chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Nitriles/chemistry ; Tensile Strength
Chemical Substances	Latex ; Nitriles ; Ethanol (3K9958V90M) ; 2-Propanol (ND2M416302)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-05-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2016.1191640
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Article ; Online: Respirator Performance against Nanoparticles under Simulated Workplace Activities.

Vo, Evanly / Zhuang, Ziqing / Horvatin, Matthew / Liu, Yuewei / He, Xinjian / Rengasamy, Samy

The Annals of occupational hygiene

2015 Volume 59, Issue 8, Page(s) 1012–1021

Abstract: Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) are commonly used by workers for protection against potentially hazardous particles, including engineered nanoparticles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	Filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and elastomeric half-mask respirators (EHRs) are commonly used by workers for protection against potentially hazardous particles, including engineered nanoparticles. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of these types of respirators against 10-400 nm particles using human subjects exposed to NaCl aerosols under simulated workplace activities. Simulated workplace protection factors (SWPFs) were measured for eight combinations of respirator models (2 N95 FFRs, 2 P100 FFRs, 2 N95 EHRs, and 2 P100 EHRs) worn by 25 healthy test subjects (13 females and 12 males) with varying face sizes. Before beginning a SWPF test for a given respirator model, each subject had to pass a quantitative fit test. Each SWPF test was performed using a protocol of six exercises for 3 min each: (i) normal breathing, (ii) deep breathing, (iii) moving head side to side, (iv) moving head up and down, (v) bending at the waist, and (vi) a simulated laboratory-vessel cleaning motion. Two scanning mobility particle sizers were used simultaneously to measure the upstream (outside the respirator) and downstream (inside the respirator) test aerosol; SWPF was then calculated as a ratio of the upstream and downstream particle concentrations. In general, geometric mean SWPF (GM-SWPF) was highest for the P100 EHRs, followed by P100 FFRs, N95 EHRs, and N95 FFRs. This trend holds true for nanoparticles (10-100 nm), larger size particles (100-400 nm), and the 'all size' range (10-400 nm). All respirators provided better or similar performance levels for 10-100 nm particles as compared to larger 100-400 nm particles. This study found that class P100 respirators provided higher SWPFs compared to class N95 respirators (P < 0.05) for both FFR and EHR types. All respirators provided expected performance (i.e. fifth percentile SWPF > 10) against all particle size ranges tested.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aerosols/analysis ; Aged ; Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Equipment Design ; Female ; Filtration/instrumentation ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nanoparticles ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S./standards ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Particle Size ; Respiratory Protective Devices/standards ; United States ; Workplace
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Air Pollutants, Occupational
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	390312-6
ISSN	1475-3162 ; 0003-4878
ISSN (online)	1475-3162
ISSN	0003-4878
DOI	10.1093/annhyg/mev042
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Article ; Online: Measurement of mass-based carbon nanotube penetration through filtering facepiece respirator filtering media.

Vo, Evanly / Zhuang, Ziqing / Birch, Eileen / Zhao, Qi / Horvatin, Matthew / Liu, Yuewei

The Annals of occupational hygiene

2014 Volume 58, Issue 5, Page(s) 646–656

Abstract: Recent studies suggest that a wide range of human health effects could result from exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health survey of the carbonaceous nanomaterial industry found that 77% of the ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies suggest that a wide range of human health effects could result from exposure to carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health survey of the carbonaceous nanomaterial industry found that 77% of the companies used respiratory protection, such as filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). Despite CNT studies in some occupational settings being reported, the literature for mass-based penetration of CNTs through FFRs is lacking. The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative study of single-walled CNT (SWCNT) and multiwalled CNT (MWCNT) penetration through FFRs. A CNT aerosol respirator testing system was used to generate charge-neutralized airborne SWCNTs and MWCNTs for this study. The size distribution was 20-10000 nm, with 99% of the particles between 25 and 2840 nm. Mass median diameters were 598 and 634 nm with geometric standard deviations of 1.34 and 1.48 for SWCNTs and MWCNTs, respectively. Upstream and downstream CNTs were collected simultaneously using closed-face 3.7-cm-diameter filter cassettes. These samples were subsequently analyzed for organic carbon and elemental carbon (EC), with EC as a measure of mass-based CNTs. The mass-based penetration of SWCNTs and MWCNTs through six FFR models at constant flow rates of 30 l min(-1) (LPM) was determined. Generally, the penetrations of SWCNTs and MWCNTs at 30 LPM had a similar trend and were highest for the N95 FFRs, followed by N99 and P100 FFRs. The mass-based penetration of MWCNTs through six FFR models at two constant flow rates of 30 and 85 LPM was also determined. The penetration of MWCNTs at 85 LPM was greater compared with the values of MWCNTs at 30 LPM.
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis ; Equipment Design ; Filtration/instrumentation ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure/analysis ; Nanotubes, Carbon/analysis ; Particle Size ; Respiratory Protective Devices/standards
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants, Occupational ; Nanotubes, Carbon
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-05-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390312-6
ISSN	1475-3162 ; 0003-4878
ISSN (online)	1475-3162
ISSN	0003-4878
DOI	10.1093/annhyg/meu005
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of gowns and coveralls used by medical personnel working with Ebola patients against simulated bodily fluids using an Elbow Lean Test.

Jaques, Peter A / Gao, Pengfei / Kilinc-Balci, Selcen / Portnoff, Lee / Weible, Robyn / Horvatin, Matthew / Strauch, Amanda / Shaffer, Ronald

Journal of occupational and environmental hygiene

2016 Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) 881–893

Abstract: Gowns and coveralls are important components of protective ensembles used during the management of known or suspected Ebola patients. In this study, an Elbow Lean Test was used to obtain a visual semi-quantitative measure of the resistance of medical ... ...

Abstract	Gowns and coveralls are important components of protective ensembles used during the management of known or suspected Ebola patients. In this study, an Elbow Lean Test was used to obtain a visual semi-quantitative measure of the resistance of medical protective garments to the penetration of two bodily fluid simulants. Tests were done on swatches of continuous and discontinuous regions of fabrics cut from five gowns and four coveralls at multiple elbow pressure levels (2-44 PSI). Swatches cut from the continuous regions of one gown and two coveralls did not have any strike-through. For discontinuous regions, only the same gown consistently resisted fluid strike-through. As hypothesized, with the exception of one garment, fluid strike-through increased with higher applied elbow pressure, was higher for lower fluid surface tension, and was higher for the discontinuous regions of the protective garments.
MeSH term(s)	Blood ; Bodily Secretions ; Equipment Safety ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control ; Protective Clothing/standards ; Surface Tension ; Textiles/standards
Language	English
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2131820-7
ISSN	1545-9632 ; 1545-9624
ISSN (online)	1545-9632
ISSN	1545-9624
DOI	10.1080/15459624.2016.1186279
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In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito