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  1. Article ; Online: Akt1 is involved in HCV release by promoting endoplasmic reticulum-to-endosome transition of infectious virions.

    Lee, Wei-Ping / Liao, Shi-Xian / Huang, Yi-Hsiang / Hou, Ming-Chih / Lan, Keng-Hsin

    Life sciences

    2024  Volume 338, Page(s) 122412

    Abstract: Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) relies on the viral and host factors to complete its life cycle. It has evolved to profit from Akt activation at some stage in its life cycle through various mechanisms, notably by activating lipogenesis, which is crucial ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) relies on the viral and host factors to complete its life cycle. It has evolved to profit from Akt activation at some stage in its life cycle through various mechanisms, notably by activating lipogenesis, which is crucial for infectious virions production.
    Materials and methods: By employing an Akt-specific inhibitor, the impact of Akt on intracellular and extracellular infectivity was investigated. To ascertain the role of Akt in the HCV life cycle, the two-part cell culture-derived HCV infection protocol utilizing Akt1 small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) was implemented. The impact of Akt1 on intracellular HCV transition was determined using membrane flotation assay and proximity ligation assay coupled with Anti-Rab7 immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence.
    Key findings: Akt1 silencing reduced infectious virions release to a degree comparable to that of ApoE, a host component involved in the HCV assembly and release, suggesting Akt1 was critical in the late stage of the HCV life cycle. Extracellular infectivity of HCV was inhibited by brefeldin A, and the inhibitory effect was augmented by Akt1 silencing and partially restored by ectopic Akt1 expression. Immunofluorescence revealed that Akt1 inhibition suppressed the interaction between HCV core protein and lipid droplet. Akt1 silencing impeded the transition of HCV from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosome and hence inhibited the secretion of HCV infectious virions from the late endosome.
    Significance: Our study demonstrates that Akt1 has an impact on the lipogenesis pathway and plays a critical role in the assembly and secretion of infectious HCV.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; Endosomes ; Hepacivirus/metabolism ; Hepatitis C/genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism ; Virion ; Virus Assembly/physiology
    Chemical Substances Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt (EC 2.7.11.1) ; RNA, Small Interfering
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3378-9
    ISSN 1879-0631 ; 0024-3205
    ISSN (online) 1879-0631
    ISSN 0024-3205
    DOI 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122412
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Is there adequate evidence to encourage early feeding in patients with acute esophageal variceal bleeding?

    Hou, Ming-Chih

    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

    2015  Volume 78, Issue 11, Page(s) 631–632

    MeSH term(s) Esophageal and Gastric Varices/surgery ; Feeding Methods ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/surgery ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2107283-8
    ISSN 1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
    ISSN (online) 1728-7731
    ISSN 1726-4901
    DOI 10.1016/j.jcma.2015.07.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Severe hypoglycemia in patients with liver cirrhosis and type 2 diabetes.

    Yen, Fu-Shun / Hou, Ming-Chih / Liu, Jia-Sin / Hsu, Chih-Cheng / Hwu, Chii-Min

    Frontiers in medicine

    2023  Volume 9, Page(s) 962337

    Abstract: Introduction: Advanced liver disease with massive liver damage may affect the metabolism of hypoglycemic agents and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. We conduct this research to compare the risk of severe hypoglycemia between patients with type 2 ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Advanced liver disease with massive liver damage may affect the metabolism of hypoglycemic agents and increase the risk of hypoglycemia. We conduct this research to compare the risk of severe hypoglycemia between patients with type 2 diabetes, with and without compensated liver cirrhosis.
    Methods: From Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified persons with type 2 diabetes with cirrhosis (
    Results: The mean follow-up period of this study was 3.7 years. The incidence rates of death during follow-up were 26.54 and 2.75 per 1,000 patient-years [aHR 7.63 (6.70-8.70)] for patients with cirrhosis and without cirrhosis, respectively. The incidence rates of severe hypoglycemia during follow-up were 0.53 and 0.14 per 1,000 patient-years [aHR 2.74 (1.52-4.92)] for patients with and without cirrhosis, respectively. The subgroup analysis of hypoglycemia risks in patients with and without cirrhosis disclosed no significant interaction for variables such as age, sex, chronic kidney disease, sulfonylurea use, number of oral antidiabetic drugs, insulin, b-blocker, and fibrate.
    Conclusion: This cohort study demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes and compensated cirrhosis showed a higher risk of mortality and severe hypoglycemia than those without liver cirrhosis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2775999-4
    ISSN 2296-858X
    ISSN 2296-858X
    DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.962337
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on liver-related and cardiovascular mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

    Yen, Fu-Shun / Hou, Ming-Chih / Wei, James Cheng-Chung / Shih, Ying-Hsiu / Hwu, Chii-Min / Hsu, Chih-Cheng

    BMC medicine

    2024  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 8

    Abstract: Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) tend to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with poorer prognosis. We performed this research to compare the risks of cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, liver-related mortality, and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) tend to have nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with poorer prognosis. We performed this research to compare the risks of cardiovascular diseases, cirrhosis, liver-related mortality, and cardiovascular mortality between glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) use and no-use in patients with T2D without viral hepatitis.
    Methods: From January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2018, we used propensity-score matching to identify 31,183 pairs of GLP-1 RA users and nonusers from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the outcomes between the study and control groups.
    Results: The median (Q1, Q3) follow-up time for GLP-1 RA users and nonusers were 2.19 (1.35, 3.52) and 2.14 (1.19, 3.68) years, respectively. The all-cause mortality incidence rate was 5.67 and 13.06 per 1000 person-years for GLP-1 RA users and nonusers, respectively. Multivariable-adjusted analysis showed that GLP-1 RA use had significantly lower risks of all-cause mortality (aHR 0.48, 95%CI 0.43-0.53), cardiovascular events (aHR 0.92, 95%CI 0.86-0.99), cardiovascular death (aHR 0.57, 95%CI 0.45-0.72), and liver-related death (aHR 0.32, 95%CI 0.13-0.75). However, there was no significant difference in the risk of liver cirrhosis development, hepatic failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to GLP-1 RA no-use.
    Conclusions: This nationwide cohort study showed that GLP-1 RA use was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, and cardiovascular death in patients with T2D among Taiwan population. More prospective studies are warranted to verify our results.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists ; Cohort Studies ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 ; Liver ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Retrospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists ; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (89750-14-1) ; Hypoglycemic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2131669-7
    ISSN 1741-7015 ; 1741-7015
    ISSN (online) 1741-7015
    ISSN 1741-7015
    DOI 10.1186/s12916-023-03228-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Early double-balloon enteroscopy was not related to better clinical outcomes in patients with suspected overt small bowel bleeding.

    Ye, Yong-Cheng / Sung, Kuan-Yi / Chang, Tien-En / Wu, Pei-Shan / Wang, Yen-Po / Luo, Jiing-Chyuan / Hou, Ming-Chih / Lu, Ching-Liang

    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

    2024  Volume 87, Issue 4, Page(s) 377–383

    Abstract: Background: Device-assisted enteroscopy has been used for over 20 years for the management of patients with suspected small bowel bleeding. Unlike esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy, the appropriate timing of enteroscopy is still unknown. In ... ...

    Abstract Background: Device-assisted enteroscopy has been used for over 20 years for the management of patients with suspected small bowel bleeding. Unlike esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy, the appropriate timing of enteroscopy is still unknown. In recent guidelines, early enteroscopy is suggested to maximize diagnostic yield and therapeutic yield in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding. However, few studies have identified its influence on clinical outcomes, including mortality or rebleeding rate. We conducted this study to evaluate the influence of the timing of double-balloon enteroscopy on clinical outcomes in patients with suspected small bowel bleeding.
    Methods: Patients with overt small bowel bleeding who underwent double-balloon enteroscopy from January 2013 to February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into an early enteroscopy group (≤14 days) and a nonearly enteroscopy group (>14 days). Clinical outcomes, including short-term mortality and rebleeding rate, long-term mortality and rebleeding rate, diagnostic yield, and therapeutic yield, were analyzed.
    Results: A total of 100 patients (mean age, 66.2 years; 53% male) were included, and 44 patients were stratified into the early enteroscopy group. The diagnostic yield, therapeutic yield, mortality, and rebleeding rate were similar between two groups. In multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, there were no significant differences between two groups regarding the 30-day rebleeding rate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.43; 95% CI, 0.47-4.33), 90-day rebleeding rate (aOR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.47-2.94), 30-day mortality rate (aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.21-8.13), 90-day mortality rate (aOR, 1.94; 95% CI, 0.48-7.87), and 90-day bleeding-related mortality (aOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 0.24-19.52). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the timing of DBE was not associated with the long-term rebleeding rate or mortality rate ( p = 0.57 and 0.83, respectively).
    Conclusion: The timing of enteroscopy did not influence the clinical outcomes, including the short-term mortality rate, short-term rebleeding rate, long-term mortality rate, and rebleeding rate, in patients with suspected overt small bowel bleeding.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Aged ; Female ; Double-Balloon Enteroscopy ; Intestine, Small ; Retrospective Studies ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/therapy ; Colonoscopy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2107283-8
    ISSN 1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
    ISSN (online) 1728-7731
    ISSN 1726-4901
    DOI 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000001067
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A home-made method to remove an SX-Ella Danis stent.

    Chen, Yu-Jen / Hou, Ming-Chih

    Endoscopy

    2019  Volume 52, Issue 6, Page(s) E198–E199

    MeSH term(s) Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Stents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-13
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80120-3
    ISSN 1438-8812 ; 0013-726X
    ISSN (online) 1438-8812
    ISSN 0013-726X
    DOI 10.1055/a-1046-1785
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Reply.

    Chen, Wen-Chi / Hou, Ming-Chih

    Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association

    2019  Volume 17, Issue 13, Page(s) 2825

    MeSH term(s) Carvedilol ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Recurrence
    Chemical Substances Carvedilol (0K47UL67F2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2119789-1
    ISSN 1542-7714 ; 1542-3565
    ISSN (online) 1542-7714
    ISSN 1542-3565
    DOI 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.06.014
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: The alteration of fecal microbial and metabolic profile of gallstone patients in Taiwan: Single center study.

    Chang, Tien-En / Huang, Kuo-Hung / Luo, Jiing-Chyuan / Huang, Yi-Hsiang / Lin, Hung-Hsin / Fang, Wen-Liang / Hou, Ming-Chih

    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Gallstone disease is a common health problem worldwide. The role of the gut microbiota in gallstone pathogenesis remains obscure. Our aim was to evaluate the association and crosstalk between gut microbiota, gut metabolomic, and metabolic ... ...

    Abstract Background: Gallstone disease is a common health problem worldwide. The role of the gut microbiota in gallstone pathogenesis remains obscure. Our aim was to evaluate the association and crosstalk between gut microbiota, gut metabolomic, and metabolic parameters in cholesterol gallstone (CS) patients, pigmented gallstone (PS) patients, and controls.
    Methods: We collected stool samples from healthy individuals and patients with gallstones in our hospital from March 2019 to February 2021. 16s rRNA sequencing was performed, followed by differential abundance analyses. Measurement of bile acids and short-chain fatty acids was conducted via targeted metabolomics.
    Result: Thirty healthy individuals and 20 gallstone patients were recruited. The intergroup difference of microbial composition was significant between control and gallstone patients. The control group had more abundant Faecalibacterium , Prevotella 9 and Bacteroides plebeius DSM 17135 . The CS group had higher Desulfovibrionaceae and Bacteroides uniformis than the other two groups, while the PS group had more abundant Escherichia-Shigella . In the analysis of metabolites, only n-butyric acid had a significantly higher concentration in the controls than in the gallstone group ( p < 0.01). The level of 3α-hydroxy-12 ketolithocholic acid, deoxycholic acid, and cholic acid showed no intergroup differences, but was correlated to the serum cholesterol level and bacterial richness and evenness.
    Conclusion: Our study revealed the key taxa that can discriminate between individuals with or without gallstones. We also identified metabolites that are possibly associated with metabolic parameter and bacterial diversity. However, the correlation of the metabolites to certain clusters of bacteria should be analyzed in a larger cohort.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2107283-8
    ISSN 1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
    ISSN (online) 1728-7731
    ISSN 1726-4901
    DOI 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000001094
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Ezetimibe treatment reduces oxidized low-density lipoprotein in biliary cirrhotic rats.

    Chang, Ching-Chih / Huang, Hui-Chun / Hsu, Shao-Jung / Pun, Chon-Kit / Chuang, Chiao-Lin / Hou, Ming-Chih / Lee, Fa-Yauh

    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

    2024  Volume 87, Issue 5, Page(s) 463–470

    Abstract: Background: In liver cirrhosis, chronic inflammation is associated with an increase in oxidative stress, and subsequently an increase in the concentration of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Ezetimibe is a lipid-lowering agent with anti- ... ...

    Abstract Background: In liver cirrhosis, chronic inflammation is associated with an increase in oxidative stress, and subsequently an increase in the concentration of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). Ezetimibe is a lipid-lowering agent with anti-inflammation and anti-oxidative stress activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ezetimibe treatment on ox-LDL in cirrhotic rats.
    Methods: Biliary cirrhosis was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with common bile duct ligation (BDL). Sham-operated rats served as surgical controls. Ezetimibe (10 mg/kg/d) or vehicle was administered in the sham-operated or BDL rats for 4 weeks, after which hemodynamic parameters, biochemistry data, and oxidative stress were evaluated. Plasma and intrahepatic ox-LDL levels were also examined, and hepatic proteins were analyzed to explore the mechanism of ezetimibe treatment.
    Results: The BDL rats had typical features of cirrhosis including jaundice, impaired liver function, hyperlipidemia, and elevated ox-LDL levels compared to the sham-operated rats. Ezetimibe treatment did not affect hemodynamics, liver biochemistry, or plasma lipid levels. However, it significantly reduced oxidative stress, plasma levels of ox-LDL, and tumor necrosis factor α. In addition, ezetimibe upregulated the hepatic protein expression of an ox-LDL scavenger (lectin-like ox-LDL rececptor-1), which resulted in reductions in intrahepatic ox-LDL and fat accumulation in the BDL rats. Nevertheless, ezetimibe treatment did not ameliorate hepatic inflammation or liver fibrosis.
    Conclusion: Ezetimibe reduced plasma and intrahepatic ox-LDL levels in the cirrhotic rats. Furthermore, it ameliorated intrahepatic fat accumulation and oxidative stress. However, ezetimibe did not alleviate hepatic fibrosis or inflammation in the biliary cirrhotic rats.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ezetimibe/pharmacology ; Ezetimibe/therapeutic use ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats ; Lipoproteins, LDL/blood ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary/drug therapy ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Male ; Anticholesteremic Agents/therapeutic use ; Anticholesteremic Agents/pharmacology ; Azetidines/pharmacology ; Azetidines/therapeutic use
    Chemical Substances Ezetimibe (EOR26LQQ24) ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; oxidized low density lipoprotein ; Anticholesteremic Agents ; Azetidines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2107283-8
    ISSN 1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
    ISSN (online) 1728-7731
    ISSN 1726-4901
    DOI 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000001075
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Does COVID-19 vaccination cause excess deaths?

    Liu, Jui-Yao / Chen, Tzeng-Ji / Hou, Ming-Chih

    Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA

    2021  Volume 84, Issue 9, Page(s) 811–812

    MeSH term(s) Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects ; Cause of Death ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology ; Vaccination/mortality
    Chemical Substances COVID-19 Vaccines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-30
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2107283-8
    ISSN 1728-7731 ; 1726-4901
    ISSN (online) 1728-7731
    ISSN 1726-4901
    DOI 10.1097/JCMA.0000000000000580
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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