Result 1 - 10 of total 446
Atlanta medical and surgical journal
2022 Volume 11, Issue 8, Page(s) 464–465
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Publishing date | 2022-07-11 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
2023 Volume 8, Page(s) CD011010
Abstract: Background: Respiratory failure or respiratory distress in infants is the most common reason for non-elective admission to hospitals and neonatal intensive care units. Non-invasive methods of respiratory support have become the preferred mode of ... ...
| Abstract | Background: Respiratory failure or respiratory distress in infants is the most common reason for non-elective admission to hospitals and neonatal intensive care units. Non-invasive methods of respiratory support have become the preferred mode of treating respiratory problems as they avoid some of the complications associated with intubation and mechanical ventilation. High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is increasingly being used as a method of non-invasive respiratory support. However, the evidence pertaining to its use in term infants (defined as infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age to the end of the neonatal period (up to one month postnatal age)) is limited and there is no consensus of opinion regarding the safety and efficacy HFNC in this population. Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for respiratory support in term infants when compared with other forms of non-invasive respiratory support. Search methods: We searched the following databases in December 2022: Cochrane CENTRAL; PubMed; Embase; CINAHL; LILACS; Web of Science; Scopus. We also searched the reference lists of retrieved studies and performed a supplementary search of Google Scholar. Selection criteria: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the use of high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in infants ≥ 37 weeks gestational age up to one month postnatal age (the end of the neonatal period). Data collection and analysis: Two review authors independently assessed trial eligibility, performed data extraction, and assessed risk of bias in the included studies. Where studies were sufficiently similar, we performed a meta-analysis using mean differences (MD) for continuous data and risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous data, with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For statistically significant RRs, we calculated the number needed to treat for an additional beneficial outcome (NNTB). We used the GRADE approach to evaluate the certainty of the evidence for clinically important outcomes. Main results: We included eight studies (654 participants) in this review. Six of these studies (625 participants) contributed data to our primary analyses. Four studies contributed to our comparison of high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy versus continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for respiratory support in term infants. The outcome of death was reported in two studies (439 infants) but there were no events in either group. HFNC may have little to no effect on treatment failure, but the evidence is very uncertain (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.47 to 2.04; 3 trials, 452 infants; very low-certainty evidence). The outcome of chronic lung disease (need for supplemental oxygen at 28 days of life) was reported in one study (375 participants) but there were no events in either group. HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support (any form of non-invasive respiratory support with or without supplemental oxygen), but the evidence is very uncertain (MD 0.17 days, 95% CI -0.28 to 0.61; 4 trials, 530 infants; very low-certainty evidence). HFNC likely results in little to no difference in the length of stay at the intensive care unit (ICU) (MD 0.90 days, 95% CI -0.31 to 2.12; 3 trials, 452 infants; moderate-certainty evidence). HFNC may reduce the incidence of nasal trauma (RR 0.16, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.66; 1 trial, 78 infants; very low-certainty evidence) and abdominal overdistension (RR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.71; 1 trial, 78 infants; very low-certainty evidence), but the evidence is very uncertain. Two studies contributed to our analysis of HFNC versus low flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (LFNC) (supplemental oxygen up to a maximum flow rate of 2 L/min). The outcome of death was reported in both studies (95 infants) but there were no events in either group. The evidence suggests that HFNC may reduce treatment failure slightly (RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.92; 2 trials, 95 infants; low-certainty evidence). Neither study reported results for the outcome of chronic lung disease (need for supplemental oxygen at 28 days of life). HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support (MD -0.07 days, 95% CI -0.83 to 0.69; 1 trial, 74 infants; very low-certainty evidence), length of stay at the ICU (MD 0.49 days, 95% CI -0.83 to 1.81; 1 trial, 74 infants; very low-certainty evidence), or hospital length of stay (MD -0.60 days, 95% CI -2.07 to 0.86; 2 trials, 95 infants; very low-certainty evidence), but the evidence is very uncertain. Adverse events was an outcome reported in both studies (95 infants) but there were no events in either group. The risk of bias across outcomes was generally low, although there were some concerns of bias. The certainty of evidence across outcomes ranged from moderate to very low, downgraded due to risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness, and inconsistency. Authors' conclusions: When compared with CPAP, HFNC may result in little to no difference in treatment failure. HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support, but the evidence is very uncertain. HFNC likely results in little to no difference in the length of stay at the intensive care unit. HFNC may reduce the incidence of nasal trauma and abdominal overdistension, but the evidence is very uncertain. When compared with LFNC, HFNC may reduce treatment failure slightly. HFNC may have little to no effect on the duration of respiratory support, length of stay at the ICU, or hospital length of stay, but the evidence is very uncertain. There is insufficient evidence to enable the formulation of evidence-based guidelines on the use of HFNC for respiratory support in term infants. Larger, methodologically robust trials are required to further evaluate the possible health benefits or harms of HFNC in this patient population. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Infant, Newborn ; Infant ; Humans ; Cannula ; Respiration, Artificial ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/adverse effects ; Oxygen ; Lung Diseases/etiology |
| Chemical Substances | Oxygen (S88TT14065) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-08-04 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ISSN | 1469-493X |
| ISSN (online) | 1469-493X |
| DOI | 10.1002/14651858.CD011010.pub2 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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2023 Volume 109, Issue 3, Page(s) 380–392
Abstract: Heavy training has been reported to be immunosuppressive in athletes and lead to blunted cortisol responses to exercise. Cortisol elevates the number of dendritic cells (DCs), key antigen-presenting cells that interact with T cells to initiate an immune ... ...
| Abstract | Heavy training has been reported to be immunosuppressive in athletes and lead to blunted cortisol responses to exercise. Cortisol elevates the number of dendritic cells (DCs), key antigen-presenting cells that interact with T cells to initiate an immune response. Reproducible cortisol responses to a 30-min cycle test have been identified but were based on percentage of work rate maximum. To ensure physiological consistency, submaximal anchors, that is, ventilatory threshold (VT |
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| MeSH term(s) | Male ; Humans ; T-Lymphocytes ; Reproducibility of Results ; Hydrocortisone ; Dendritic Cells ; Cell Count |
| Chemical Substances | Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-12-08 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 1016295-1 |
| ISSN | 1469-445X ; 0958-0670 |
| ISSN (online) | 1469-445X |
| ISSN | 0958-0670 |
| DOI | 10.1113/EP091326 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Uc I Zs.102: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 998925
Abstract: Background: ...
| Abstract | Background: |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2022-11-11 |
| Publishing country | Switzerland |
| Document type | Systematic Review |
| ZDB-ID | 2564217-0 |
| ISSN | 1664-042X |
| ISSN | 1664-042X |
| DOI | 10.3389/fphys.2022.998925 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Physiotherapy theory and practice
2020 Volume 37, Issue 12, Page(s) 1298–1305
Abstract: ... ...
| Abstract | Background |
|---|---|
| MeSH term(s) | Child ; Cystic Fibrosis/diagnosis ; Cystic Fibrosis/therapy ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Vital Capacity |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2020-01-03 |
| Publishing country | England |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 1045333-7 |
| ISSN | 1532-5040 ; 0959-3985 |
| ISSN (online) | 1532-5040 |
| ISSN | 0959-3985 |
| DOI | 10.1080/09593985.2019.1709591 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.A 2190: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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International journal of sports physiology and performance
2021 Volume 16, Issue 9, Page(s) 1319–1327
Abstract: Purpose: Physical overexertion can lead to detrimental overreaching states without sufficient recovery, which may be identifiable by blunted exercise-induced cortisol and testosterone responses. A running test (RPETP) elicits reproducible plasma ... ...
| Abstract | Purpose: Physical overexertion can lead to detrimental overreaching states without sufficient recovery, which may be identifiable by blunted exercise-induced cortisol and testosterone responses. A running test (RPETP) elicits reproducible plasma cortisol and testosterone elevations (in a healthy state) and may detect blunted hormonal responses in overreached athletes. This current study determined the salivary cortisol and testosterone responses reproducibility to the RPETP, to provide greater practical validity using saliva compared with the previously utilized blood sampling. Second, the relationship between the salivary and plasma responses was assessed. Methods: A total of 23 active, healthy males completed the RPETP on 3 occasions. Saliva (N = 23) and plasma (N = 13) were collected preexercise, postexercise, and 30 minutes postexercise. Results: Salivary cortisol did not elevate in any RPETP trial, and reduced concentrations occurred 30 minutes postexercise (P = .029, η2 = .287); trial differences were observed (P < .001, η2 = .463). The RPETP elevated (P < .001, η2 = .593) salivary testosterone with no effect of trial (P = .789, η2 = .022). Intraindividual variability was 25% in cortisol and 17% in testosterone. "Fair" intraclass coefficients of .46 (cortisol) and .40 (testosterone) were found. Salivary and plasma cortisol positively correlated (R = .581, P = .037) yet did not for testosterone (R = .345, P = .248). Conclusions: The reproducibility of salivary testosterone response to the RPETP is evident and supports its use as a potential tool, subject to further confirmatory work, to detect hormonal dysfunction during overreaching. Salivary cortisol responds inconsistently in a somewhat individualized manner to the RPETP. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Running/physiology ; Saliva ; Testosterone |
| Chemical Substances | Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-01-20 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 1555-0273 |
| ISSN (online) | 1555-0273 |
| DOI | 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0541 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Journal of occupational and environmental medicine
2023 Volume 65, Issue 12, Page(s) e744–e751
Abstract: Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the potential of a sitting reduction workplace intervention for improving stress and work performance.: Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated an intervention to reduce and break up ... ...
| Abstract | Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the potential of a sitting reduction workplace intervention for improving stress and work performance. Methods: A cluster randomized controlled trial evaluated an intervention to reduce and break up occupational sitting in 12 clusters ( n = 89 office workers) over 8 weeks. Outcomes were physiological stress (cortisol concentrations), perceived stress, and work performance. Results: Linear mixed model group × time interaction effects were nonsignificant. Exploratory analyses showed a trend, with a large effect, for lower cortisol concentrations over the day in the intervention group relative to controls at 8 weeks (-0.85; 95% confidence interval, -1.70 to 0.03 nmol·L -1 P = 0.06, d = 0.79). The intervention group had higher vigor and cognitive liveliness at 8 weeks relative to controls ( P ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that there could be meaningful changes in physiological stress and work-related outcomes that should be investigated in future studies. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Humans ; Sitting Position ; Work Performance ; Health Promotion ; Hydrocortisone ; Occupational Health ; Sedentary Behavior ; Workplace |
| Chemical Substances | Hydrocortisone (WI4X0X7BPJ) |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-09-19 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 1223932-x |
| ISSN | 1536-5948 ; 1076-2752 |
| ISSN (online) | 1536-5948 |
| ISSN | 1076-2752 |
| DOI | 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002971 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Zs.B 155: Show issues | Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG) |
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The Review of scientific instruments
2011 Volume 82, Issue 1, Page(s) 10901
| Language | English |
|---|---|
| Publishing date | 2011-01 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Comment ; Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 209865-9 |
| ISSN | 1089-7623 ; 0034-6748 |
| ISSN (online) | 1089-7623 |
| ISSN | 0034-6748 |
| DOI | 10.1063/1.3539776 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
| Z 4' 46/112: Show issues |
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2021 Volume 29, Issue 12, Page(s) 18059–18069
Abstract: Silicate bonding is a flexible bonding method that enables room-temperature bonding of many types of materials with only moderate flatness constraints. It is a promising approach for bonding components in high power laser systems, since it results in a ... ...
| Abstract | Silicate bonding is a flexible bonding method that enables room-temperature bonding of many types of materials with only moderate flatness constraints. It is a promising approach for bonding components in high power laser systems, since it results in a thin and low-absorption interface layer between the bonded materials. Here we demonstrate for the first time silicate bonding of a sapphire window to a SEmiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirror (SESAM) and use the composite structure to mode-lock a high-power thin-disk laser. We characterize the fabricated devices both theoretically and experimentally and show how the thermally induced lens of the composite structure can be tuned both in magnitude and sign via the thickness of the sapphire window. We demonstrate mode-locking of a high-power thin-disk laser oscillator with these devices. The altered thermal lens allows us to increase the output power to 233 W, a 70-W-improvement compared to the results achieved with a state-of-the-art SESAM in the same cavity. |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-06-22 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 1491859-6 |
| ISSN | 1094-4087 ; 1094-4087 |
| ISSN (online) | 1094-4087 |
| ISSN | 1094-4087 |
| DOI | 10.1364/OE.427192 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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Brain, behavior, & immunity - health
2021 Volume 13, Page(s) 100234
Abstract: Excessive exercise with limited recovery may lead to detrimental states of overreaching or the overtraining syndrome. Chronic maladaptation in endocrine and immune mechanisms occur with the incidence of these states. Exercise-induced cortisol and ... ...
| Abstract | Excessive exercise with limited recovery may lead to detrimental states of overreaching or the overtraining syndrome. Chronic maladaptation in endocrine and immune mechanisms occur with the incidence of these states. Exercise-induced cortisol and testosterone responses have been proposed as biomarkers of overreaching, with blunted responses following intensified-training periods. Yet, limited information on the effects of overreaching in immunity is available. Healthy individuals completed a 30-min running protocol (the RPE |
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| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2021-03-06 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article |
| ISSN | 2666-3546 |
| ISSN (online) | 2666-3546 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100234 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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