Article ; Online: Learning headache triggers through experience: A laboratory study.
2023 Volume 63, Issue 6, Page(s) 721–729
Abstract: Objective: To examine how individuals may learn headache trigger beliefs through sequential symbolic pairings of trigger candidates and headache attacks.: Background: Learning from experience may be a major source of information about headache ... ...
| Abstract | Objective: To examine how individuals may learn headache trigger beliefs through sequential symbolic pairings of trigger candidates and headache attacks. Background: Learning from experience may be a major source of information about headache triggers. Little is known about learning-based influences on the establishment of trigger beliefs. Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study included N = 300 adults with headache who participated in a laboratory computer task. First, participants rated the chances (0%-100%) that encountering specific triggers would lead to experiencing a headache. Then, 30 sequential images with the presence or absence of a common headache trigger were presented alongside images representing the presence or absence of a headache attack. The primary outcome measure was the cumulative association strength rating (0 = no relationship to 10 = perfect relationship) between the trigger and headache using all previous trials. Results: A total of N = 296 individuals completed 30 trials for each of three triggers, yielding 26,640 total trials for analysis. The median [25th, 75th] association strength ratings for each of the randomly presented headache triggers were 2.2 [0, 3] for the Color Green, 2.7 [0, 5] for Nuts, and 3.9 [0, 8] for Weather Changes. There was a strong association between the "true" cumulative association strength and corresponding ratings. A 1-point increase on the phi scale (i.e., no relationship to perfect relationship) was associated with a 1.20 (95% CI: 0.81 to 1.49, p < 0.0001) point increase in association strength rating. A participant's prior belief about the potency of a trigger affected their perceived rating of the accumulating evidence, accounting for 17% of the total variation. Conclusion: In this laboratory task, individuals appeared to learn trigger-headache associations through repeated exposures to accumulating symbolic evidence. Prior beliefs about the triggers appeared to influence ratings of the strength of relationships between triggers and headache attacks. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Adult ; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Headache/etiology ; Research Design ; Precipitating Factors |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2023-04-28 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Observational Study ; Journal Article |
| ZDB-ID | 410130-3 |
| ISSN | 1526-4610 ; 0017-8748 |
| ISSN (online) | 1526-4610 |
| ISSN | 0017-8748 |
| DOI | 10.1111/head.14496 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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