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Article: Lasioglossum bees - the forgotten pollinators

Nelson, Warrick / Evans, Lisa / Donovan, Barry / Howlett, Brad

2023 Volume 92, Issue 2, Page(s) 39

Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2818237-6
ISSN	2189-0102
Database	Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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Article: The value of insect pollination to yield of oilseed rape (Brassica rapa) in Bangladesh

Islam, Rabiul / Howlett, Brad G. / Chapman, Hazel / Haque, Md. Azizul / Ahmad, Masum

Korean Society of Applied Entomology Journal of Asia-Pacific entomology. 2022 Mar., v. 25, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Brassica rapa L., is a crop grown globally and studies have indicated that insect pollination can improve yields. However, the importance of insect pollination in this crop depends on cultivar reproductive biology, insect pollinator species and their ... ...

Abstract	Brassica rapa L., is a crop grown globally and studies have indicated that insect pollination can improve yields. However, the importance of insect pollination in this crop depends on cultivar reproductive biology, insect pollinator species and their abundances. In Bangladesh, the acreage of B. rapa for oilseed production has been expanding, but little is known about whether insects contribute to yield improvements. Using the commonly grown variety Tori-7, we found that plants with inflorescences left exposed to flower visiting insects (body width > 1.5 mm) had a 30.8% greater seed yield compared to those where insect flower visitors were excluded. Of 794 insect flower visiting individuals recorded from observation and trapping surveys conducted across four separate fields, Apis bees (four spp.) were the most abundant (66.1%), followed by flies Musca domestica (14.7%), Sepsis fulgens (6.3%) and hoverflies (3.0%; 3 spp; Syrphidae). Other flower visitors included ants, wasps, beetles, butterflies and moths. For the cultivar assessed, we calculated the economic value of oilseed rape was $US 87.5 million per annum in Bangladesh, of which the economic value of insect pollination was $US 26.92 million per annum. Thus, one in every four dollars earned by our Bangladeshi growers resulted from insect crop pollination. This demonstrates to growers the need to promote and protect insect pollination to optimize their economic returns.
Keywords	Apis ; Brassica napus ; Brassica rapa ; Musca domestica ; Syrphidae ; acreage ; cultivars ; economic valuation ; entomology ; flowers ; insect pollination ; oilseeds ; pollinating insects ; seed yield ; Bangladesh
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	1226-8615
DOI	10.1016/j.aspen.2021.11.005
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Pollinator identity and behavior affect pollination in kiwifruit (

Broussard, Melissa A / Howlett, Brad G / Evans, Lisa J / McBrydie, Heather / Cutting, Brian T / Read, Samantha F J / Pattemore, David E

PeerJ

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) e12963

Abstract: Many crop plants rely on insect pollination, particularly insect-pollinated crops which are functionally dioecious. These crops require insects to move pollen between separate plants which are functionally male or female. While honey bees are typically ... ...

Abstract	Many crop plants rely on insect pollination, particularly insect-pollinated crops which are functionally dioecious. These crops require insects to move pollen between separate plants which are functionally male or female. While honey bees are typically considered the most important crop pollinator species, many other insects are known to visit crops but the pollination contribution of the full diversity of these flower visitors is poorly understood. In this study, we examine the role of diverse insect pollinators for two kiwifruit cultivars as model systems for dioecious crops:
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.12963
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Honey bee (Apis mellifera) hive placement is more influential than orchard layout on the fruit set of a dioecious crop

Li, Jing / Broussard, Melissa / Tomer, Nathan / Jochym, Mateusz / Fonseka, Dilini / Peace, Angela / Jesson, Linley / Bosque-Pérez, Nilsa A. / Crowder, David / Howlett, Brad G. / Pattemore, David

Ecological modelling. 2022 Oct., v. 472

2022

Abstract: Managers of insect-pollinated orchards face many decisions that can significantly influence crop yields, including managing pollination through use of beehives or the layout of cultivars in the orchard. Understanding the relative importance and ... ...

Abstract	Managers of insect-pollinated orchards face many decisions that can significantly influence crop yields, including managing pollination through use of beehives or the layout of cultivars in the orchard. Understanding the relative importance and interactions between these multiple decisions through empirical field trials is rarely possible, so modeling approaches can provide valuable insights and generate new hypotheses. Based on kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa (A. Chev.) A. Chev. ‘Hayward’), a dioecious fruiting vine, as an exemplar, we used a spatially-explicit system of differential equations on a lattice to explore the effects of overlap of male and female flowers, hive placements within the orchard, and orchard layout on the predicted pollination success. In our model, hive placement and orchard layout influenced the proportion of fruit set in an orchard more strongly than male and female flowering synchrony. Simulations with hives distributed evenly around the orchard had the most fruit set, while hives located at a single point resulted in relatively low fruit set. Our model showed that the effect of hive distribution was more important for fruit production than planting regime. We have demonstrated how such a model can be used to provide key information for orchardists to optimize their yields. Our model predicts that while orchard planting decisions are important, the consideration of hive placement during flowering is likely to have greater influence on final orchard productivity in functionally dioecious crops.
Keywords	Actinidia deliciosa ; Apis mellifera ; cultivars ; dioecy ; females ; fruit set ; fruits ; honey bees ; insect pollination ; kiwifruit ; males ; models ; orchards ; vines
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	191971-4
ISSN	0304-3800
ISSN	0304-3800
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2022.110074
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Different landscape features within a simplified agroecosystem support diverse pollinators and their service to crop plants

Fijen, Thijs P. M. / Read, Samantha F. J. / Walker, Melanie K. / Gee, Megan / Nelson, Warrick R. / Howlett, Brad G.

Landscape ecology. 2022 July, v. 37, no. 7

2022

Abstract: CONTEXT: Landscape simplification is a main driver of insect decline, threatening crop pollination services. Changes in functional features in simplified agroecosystems may impact the abundance of wild pollinators. OBJECTIVES: Here, we studied whether ... ...

Abstract	CONTEXT: Landscape simplification is a main driver of insect decline, threatening crop pollination services. Changes in functional features in simplified agroecosystems may impact the abundance of wild pollinators. OBJECTIVES: Here, we studied whether different pollinator groups based on life-history are differentially associated to landscape features, and how this affects crop pollination service delivery. METHODS: Using window traps in a highly simplified agroecosystem, we surveyed pollinator abundances and diversity associated with: (1) bare fence-lines separating pastures (control), (2) conifer hedgerows (3) farm gardens of diverse exotic plant species (4) effluent-ponds, (5) newly established native-plantings, (6) gorse (Ulex europaeus) hedgerows and (7) open water channels across six to twelve dairy farms. We also measured pollination service delivery to potted pak choi (Brassica rapa) plots near features 1–5 on six farms. RESULTS: Pollinators at gardens, native-plantings, and effluent-ponds delivered significantly more pollination service than at bare fence-lines, with flies being more effective pollinators than bees at all features assessed. Taxa delivering the service also differed across features. The native bee Lasioglossum sordidum delivered more pollination at garden and native-planting features than at other features, drone flies (Eristalis tenax) contributed the majority of pollination service at effluent-ponds and bare fence-lines, while calliphorid flies contributed most pollination at conifer hedgerows. CONCLUSIONS: Conversion of functional features to bare fence-lines negatively affects on-farm pollinator diversity and its service to crop plants. However, farmers can benefit from enhancing features containing diverse plant species that support non-bee and bee species proven to deliver measurable crop pollination services.
Keywords	Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ; Eristalis tenax ; Lasioglossum ; Ulex europaeus ; agroecosystems ; bees ; conifers ; decline ; farms ; gardens ; introduced plants ; landscape ecology ; landscapes ; life history ; pollination ; pollinators
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-07
Size	p. 1787-1799.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1027798-5
ISSN	1572-9761 ; 0921-2973
ISSN (online)	1572-9761
ISSN	0921-2973
DOI	10.1007/s10980-022-01423-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Absence of small hive beetles from flowering plants

Willcox, Bryony K. / Howlett, Brad G. / Neumann, Peter

Journal of apicultural research. 2017 Oct. 20, v. 56, no. 5

2017

Abstract: Small hive beetles (SHBs), Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), are parasites and scavengers of honey bee colonies in their endemic range in sub-Saharan Africa as well as in their new distribution range. Even though flowering plants may in principle ...

Abstract	Small hive beetles (SHBs), Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), are parasites and scavengers of honey bee colonies in their endemic range in sub-Saharan Africa as well as in their new distribution range. Even though flowering plants may in principle also serve as a food for SHBs, evidence so far suggest that this beetle is unlikely to visit flowers. However, field data remain scarce calling for more efforts to investigate the potential of flowers as reservoirs for this pest of social bees. Here, we conducted extensive field surveys of flowering plants in Australia. Despite the very large sample size, not a single adult SHB was found on any of the flowers. This is in line with an earlier field survey. Since SHBs were also absent from fruits in another surveys, it appears as if alternative food sources outside of bee colonies are of minor importance only for SHBs.
Keywords	Aethina tumida ; adults ; apiculture ; honey bees ; research ; sample size ; surveys ; Australia ; Sub-Saharan Africa
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-1020
Size	p. 643-645.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	281228-9
ISSN	2078-6913 ; 0021-8839
ISSN (online)	2078-6913
ISSN	0021-8839
DOI	10.1080/00218839.2017.1355347
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Toward an integrated approach to crop production and pollination ecology through the application of remote sensing.

Willcox, Bryony K / Robson, Andrew J / Howlett, Brad G / Rader, Romina

PeerJ

2018 Volume 6, Page(s) e5806

Abstract: Insect pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service by transferring pollen to crops and native vegetation. The extent to which pollinator communities vary both spatially and temporally has important implications for ecology, conservation and ... ...

Abstract	Insect pollinators provide an essential ecosystem service by transferring pollen to crops and native vegetation. The extent to which pollinator communities vary both spatially and temporally has important implications for ecology, conservation and agricultural production. However, understanding the complex interactions that determine pollination service provisioning and production measures over space and time has remained a major challenge. Remote sensing technologies (RST), including satellite, airborne and ground based sensors, are effective tools for measuring the spatial and temporal variability of vegetation health, diversity and productivity within natural and modified systems. Yet while there are synergies between remote sensing science, pollination ecology and agricultural production, research communities have only recently begun to actively connect these research areas. Here, we review the utility of RST in advancing crop pollination research and highlight knowledge gaps and future research priorities. We found that RST are currently used across many different research fields to assess changes in plant health and production (agricultural production) and to monitor and evaluate changes in biodiversity across multiple landscape types (ecology and conservation). In crop pollination research, the use of RST are limited and largely restricted to quantifying remnant habitat use by pollinators by ascertaining the proportion of, and/or isolation from, a given land use type or local variable. Synchronization between research fields is essential to better understand the spatial and temporal variability in pollinator dependent crop production. RST enable these applications to be scaled across much larger areas than is possible with field-based methods and will facilitate large scale ecological changes to be detected and monitored. We advocate greater use of RST to better understand interactions between pollination, plant health and yield spatial variation in pollinator dependent crops. This more holistic approach is necessary for decision-makers to improve strategies toward managing multiple land use types and ecosystem services.
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-10-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.5806
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Bombus terrestris: a more efficient but less effective pollinator than Apis mellifera across surveyed white clover seed fields

Howlett, Brad G / Gabriela O. Lankin-Vega / Linley K. Jesson

New Zealand journal of crop and horticultural science. 2019 Jan. 2, v. 47, no. 1

2019

Abstract: White clover (Trifolium repens L.) seed crops require insects for pollination. Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 are normally placed within fields but other insects might also be contributing additional pollination. To understand their potential contribution, ...

Abstract	White clover (Trifolium repens L.) seed crops require insects for pollination. Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 are normally placed within fields but other insects might also be contributing additional pollination. To understand their potential contribution, we evaluated abundances across fields during peak flower; measured loose body pollen on four bee and two fly species and compared the rate of movement between inflorescences and florets for A. mellifera and B. terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758). A. mellifera were the most abundant verified flower visitor, although B. terrestris and long-tongued Bombus species also visited fields. Other insects recorded included Lasioglossum bees and two hover fly species, but these were considered ineffective pollinators (either low abundances or carried few pollen grains). B. terrestris were considered a more efficient pollinator than A. mellifera moving faster between florets but were less effective due to low abundances. Many Bombus spp. will forage under weather conditions unfavourable to A. mellifera, therefore, providing complimentary pollination.
Keywords	Apis mellifera ; Bombus terrestris ; Lasioglossum ; Syrphidae ; Trifolium repens ; bees ; crops ; florets ; forage ; pollen ; pollination ; pollinators ; weather
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0102
Size	p. 32-47.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2098786-9
ISSN	1175-8783 ; 0114-0671
ISSN (online)	1175-8783
ISSN	0114-0671
DOI	10.1080/01140671.2018.1466341
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: The role of insect pollinators in avocado production: A global review.

Dymond, Keira / Celis-Diez, Juan L / Potts, Simon G / Howlett, Brad G / Willcox, Bryony K / Garratt, Michael P D

Journal of applied entomology = Zeitschrift fur angewandte Entomologie

2021 Volume 145, Issue 5, Page(s) 369–383

Abstract: Insect pollination increases the yield and quality of many crops and therefore, understanding the role of insect pollinators in crop production is necessary to sustainably increase yields. ... ...

Abstract	Insect pollination increases the yield and quality of many crops and therefore, understanding the role of insect pollinators in crop production is necessary to sustainably increase yields. Avocado
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-09
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	631360-7
ISSN	1439-0418 ; 0931-2048 ; 0044-2240
ISSN (online)	1439-0418
ISSN	0931-2048 ; 0044-2240
DOI	10.1111/jen.12869
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The role of insect pollinators in avocado production: A global review

Dymond, Keira / Celis‐Diez, Juan L / Potts, Simon G / Howlett, Brad G / Willcox, Bryony K / Garratt, Michael P. D

Journal of applied entomology. 2021 June, v. 145, no. 5

2021

Abstract	Insect pollination increases the yield and quality of many crops and therefore, understanding the role of insect pollinators in crop production is necessary to sustainably increase yields. Avocado Persea americana benefits from insect pollination, however, a better understanding of the role of pollinators and their contribution to the production of this globally important crop is needed. In this study, we carried out a systematic literature review and meta‐analysis of studies investigating the pollination ecology of avocado to answer the following questions: (a) Are there any research gaps in terms of geographic location or scientific focus? (b) What is the effect of insect pollinators on avocado pollination and production? (c) Which pollinators are the most abundant and effective and how does this vary across location? (d) How can insect pollination be improved for higher yields? (e) What are the current evidence gaps and what should be the focus of future research? Research from many regions of the globe has been published, however, results showed that there is limited information from key avocado producing countries such as Mexico and the Dominican Republic. In most studies, insects were shown to contribute greatly to pollination, fruit set and yield. Honeybees Apis mellifera were important pollinators in many regions due to their efficiency and high abundance, however, many wild pollinators also visited avocado flowers and were the most frequent visitors in over 50% of studies. This study also highlighted the effectiveness of stingless bees (Meliponini) and blow flies (Calliphoridae) as avocado pollinators although, for the majority of flower visitors, there is a lack of data on pollinator efficiency. For optimal yields, growers should ensure a sufficient abundance of pollinators in their orchards either through increasing honeybee hive density or, for a more sustainable approach, by managing wild pollinators through practices that protect or promote natural habitat.
Keywords	Apis mellifera ; Calliphoridae ; Persea americana ; avocados ; crop production ; entomology ; flowers ; fruit set ; habitats ; insect pollination ; meta-analysis ; Dominican Republic ; Mexico
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-06
Size	p. 369-383.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; REVIEW
ZDB-ID	631360-7
ISSN	1439-0418 ; 0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
ISSN (online)	1439-0418
ISSN	0044-2240 ; 0931-2048
DOI	10.1111/jen.12869
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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