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  1. Article ; Online: Amacrine-to-amacrine cell inhibition: Spatiotemporal properties of GABA and glycine pathways.

    Chen, Xin / Hsueh, Hain Ann / Werblin, Frank S

    Visual neuroscience

    2011  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 193–204

    Abstract: We measured the spatial and temporal properties of GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition to amacrine cells in the whole-mount rabbit retina. The amacrine cells were parsed into two morphological classes: narrow-field cells with processes spreading less ... ...

    Abstract We measured the spatial and temporal properties of GABAergic and glycinergic inhibition to amacrine cells in the whole-mount rabbit retina. The amacrine cells were parsed into two morphological classes: narrow-field cells with processes spreading less than 200 μm and wide-field cells with processes extending more than 300 μm. The inhibition was also parsed into two types: sustained glycine and transient GABA. Narrow-field amacrine cells receive 1) very transient GABAergic inhibition with a fast onset latency of 140 ± 16 ms decaying to 30% of the peak level within 208 ± 27 ms elicited broadly over a lateral distance of up to 1500 μm and 2) sustained glycinergic inhibition with a medium onset latency of 286 ± 23 ms that was elicited over a spatial area often broader than the processes of the narrow-field amacrine cells. Wide-field amacrine cells received sustained glycinergic inhibition but no broad transient GABAergic inhibition. Surprisingly, neither of these amacrine cell classes received sustained local GABAergic inhibition, commonly found in an earlier study of ganglion cells.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Physiological ; Amacrine Cells/drug effects ; Amacrine Cells/physiology ; Aminobutyrates/pharmacology ; Animals ; Cell Communication/drug effects ; Cell Communication/physiology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists/pharmacology ; Glycine/metabolism ; Glycine/pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Light ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Membrane Potentials/physiology ; Models, Biological ; Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques/methods ; Rabbits ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Retina/cytology ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Visual Fields/drug effects ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Aminobutyrates ; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2) ; 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (H8B59H10OK) ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639436-x
    ISSN 1469-8714 ; 0952-5238
    ISSN (online) 1469-8714
    ISSN 0952-5238
    DOI 10.1017/S0952523811000137
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 2359: Show issues Location:
    Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
    bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  2. Article: Amacrine-to-amacrine cell inhibition in the rabbit retina.

    Hsueh, Hain-Ann / Molnar, Alyosha / Werblin, Frank S

    Journal of neurophysiology

    2008  Volume 100, Issue 4, Page(s) 2077–2088

    Abstract: We studied the interactions between excitation and inhibition in morphologically identified amacrine cells in the light-adapted rabbit retinal slice under patch clamp. The majority of on amacrine cells received glycinergic off inhibition. About half of ... ...

    Abstract We studied the interactions between excitation and inhibition in morphologically identified amacrine cells in the light-adapted rabbit retinal slice under patch clamp. The majority of on amacrine cells received glycinergic off inhibition. About half of the off amacrine cells received glycinergic on inhibition. Neither class received any GABAergic inhibition. A minority of on, off, and on-off amacrine cells received both glycinergic on and GABAergic off inhibition. These interactions were found in cells with diverse morphologies having both wide and narrow processes that stratify in single or multiple layers of the inner plexiform layer (IPL). Most on-off amacrine cells received no inhibition and have monostratified processes confined to the middle of the IPL. The most common interaction between amacrine cells that we measured was "crossover inhibition," where off inhibits on and on inhibits off. Although the morphology of amacrine cells is diverse, the interactions between excitation and inhibition appear to be relatively limited and specific.
    MeSH term(s) Amacrine Cells/drug effects ; Amacrine Cells/physiology ; Amacrine Cells/ultrastructure ; Aminobutyrates/pharmacology ; Animals ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology ; Electrophysiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Photic Stimulation ; Rabbits ; Retina/cytology ; Retina/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Aminobutyrates ; Anticonvulsants ; 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (H8B59H10OK)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80161-6
    ISSN 1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
    ISSN (online) 1522-1598
    ISSN 0022-3077
    DOI 10.1152/jn.90417.2008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Three forms of spatial temporal feedforward inhibition are common to different ganglion cell types in rabbit retina.

    Chen, Xin / Hsueh, Hain-Ann / Greenberg, Kenneth / Werblin, Frank S

    Journal of neurophysiology

    2010  Volume 103, Issue 5, Page(s) 2618–2632

    Abstract: There exist more than 30 different morphological amacrine cell types, but there may be fewer physiological types. Here we studied the amacrine cell outputs by measuring the temporal and spatial properties of feedforward inhibition to four different types ...

    Abstract There exist more than 30 different morphological amacrine cell types, but there may be fewer physiological types. Here we studied the amacrine cell outputs by measuring the temporal and spatial properties of feedforward inhibition to four different types of ganglion cells. These ganglion cells, each with concentric receptive field organization, appear to receive a different relative contribution of the same three forms of feed-forward inhibition, namely: local glycinergic, local sustained GABAergic, and broad transient GABAergic inhibition. Two of these inhibitory components, local glycinergic inhibition and local sustained GABAergic inhibition were localized to narrow regions confined to the dendritic fields of the ganglion cells. The third, a broad transient GABAergic inhibition, was driven from regions peripheral to the dendritic area. Each inhibitory component is also correlated with characteristic kinetics expressed in all ganglion cells: broad transient GABAergic inhibition had the shortest latency, local glycinergic inhibition had an intermediate latency, and local sustained GABAergic inhibition had the longest latency. We suggest each of these three inhibitory components represents the output from a distinct class of amacrine cell, mediates a specific visual function, and each forms a basic functional component for the four ganglion cell types. Similar subunits likely exist in the circuits of other ganglion cell types as well.
    MeSH term(s) Action Potentials ; Amacrine Cells/cytology ; Amacrine Cells/drug effects ; Amacrine Cells/physiology ; Animals ; Dendrites/drug effects ; Dendrites/physiology ; Evoked Potentials, Visual/drug effects ; Glycine/metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials/drug effects ; Neural Inhibition/drug effects ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Photic Stimulation ; Rabbits ; Retina/cytology ; Retina/drug effects ; Retina/physiology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/cytology ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/drug effects ; Retinal Ganglion Cells/physiology ; Time Factors ; Vision, Ocular/drug effects ; Vision, Ocular/physiology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/metabolism
    Chemical Substances gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (56-12-2) ; Glycine (TE7660XO1C)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80161-6
    ISSN 1522-1598 ; 0022-3077
    ISSN (online) 1522-1598
    ISSN 0022-3077
    DOI 10.1152/jn.01109.2009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Crossover inhibition in the retina: circuitry that compensates for nonlinear rectifying synaptic transmission.

    Molnar, Alyosha / Hsueh, Hain-Ann / Roska, Botond / Werblin, Frank S

    Journal of computational neuroscience

    2009  Volume 27, Issue 3, Page(s) 569–590

    Abstract: In the mammalian retina, complementary ON and OFF visual streams are formed at the bipolar cell dendrites, then carried to amacrine and ganglion cells via nonlinear excitatory synapses from bipolar cells. Bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells also receive ...

    Abstract In the mammalian retina, complementary ON and OFF visual streams are formed at the bipolar cell dendrites, then carried to amacrine and ganglion cells via nonlinear excitatory synapses from bipolar cells. Bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells also receive a nonlinear inhibitory input from amacrine cells. The most common form of such inhibition crosses over from the opposite visual stream: Amacrine cells carry ON inhibition to the OFF cells and carry OFF inhibition to the ON cells ("crossover inhibition"). Although these synapses are predominantly nonlinear, linear signal processing is required for computing many properties of the visual world such as average intensity across a receptive field. Linear signaling is also necessary for maintaining the distinction between brightness and contrast. It has long been known that a subset of retinal outputs provide exactly this sort of linear representation of the world; we show here that rectifying (nonlinear) synaptic currents, when combined thorough crossover inhibition can generate this linear signaling. Using simple mathematical models we show that for a large set of cases, repeated rounds of synaptic rectification without crossover inhibition can destroy information carried by those synapses. A similar circuit motif is employed in the electronics industry to compensate for transistor nonlinearities in analog circuits.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Computer Simulation ; Light Signal Transduction/physiology ; Models, Neurological ; Neural Inhibition/physiology ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology ; Neurons/classification ; Neurons/physiology ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Retina/cytology ; Retina/physiology ; Synapses/physiology ; Synaptic Transmission/physiology ; Time Factors ; Visual Pathways/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-07-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1230659-9
    ISSN 1573-6873 ; 0929-5313
    ISSN (online) 1573-6873
    ISSN 0929-5313
    DOI 10.1007/s10827-009-0170-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 4250: Show issues Location:
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