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  1. Article ; Online: Choroid plexus immune cell response in murine hydrocephalus induced by intraventricular hemorrhage.

    Wan, Yingfeng / Fu, Xiongjie / Zhang, Tianjie / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Xi, Guohua

    Fluids and barriers of the CNS

    2024  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 37

    Abstract: Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and associated hydrocephalus are significant complications of intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite proximity to IVH, the immune cell response at the choroid plexus (ChP) has been relatively ... ...

    Abstract Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and associated hydrocephalus are significant complications of intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Despite proximity to IVH, the immune cell response at the choroid plexus (ChP) has been relatively understudied. This study employs CX
    Methods: This study had four parts all examining male adult CX
    Results: IVH and intraventricular iron or Prx-2 injection in CX
    Conclusion: There is a marked immune cell response at the ChP in IVH involving epiplexus cells, T lymphocytes and neutrophils. The blood components iron and Prx-2 may play a role in eliciting that response. Reduction of ChP macrophages with clodronate liposomes reduced iron-induced ventriculomegaly suggesting that ChP macrophages may be a promising therapeutic target for managing IVH-induced hydrocephalus.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Choroid Plexus/immunology ; Hydrocephalus/etiology ; Hydrocephalus/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Transgenic ; Cerebral Intraventricular Hemorrhage/immunology ; Macrophages/immunology ; Iron/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2595406-4
    ISSN 2045-8118 ; 2045-8118
    ISSN (online) 2045-8118
    ISSN 2045-8118
    DOI 10.1186/s12987-024-00538-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Mechanisms of cerebrospinal fluid and brain interstitial fluid production.

    Xiang, Jianming / Hua, Ya / Xi, Guohua / Keep, Richard F

    Neurobiology of disease

    2023  Volume 183, Page(s) 106159

    Abstract: Fluid homeostasis is fundamental for brain function with cerebral edema and hydrocephalus both being major neurological conditions. Fluid movement from blood into brain is one crucial element in cerebral fluid homeostasis. Traditionally it has been ... ...

    Abstract Fluid homeostasis is fundamental for brain function with cerebral edema and hydrocephalus both being major neurological conditions. Fluid movement from blood into brain is one crucial element in cerebral fluid homeostasis. Traditionally it has been thought to occur primarily at the choroid plexus (CP) as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) secretion due to polarized distribution of ion transporters at the CP epithelium. However, there are currently controversies as to the importance of the CP in fluid secretion, just how fluid transport occurs at that epithelium versus other sites, as well as the direction of fluid flow in the cerebral ventricles. The purpose of this review is to evaluate evidence on the movement of fluid from blood to CSF at the CP and the cerebral vasculature and how this differs from other tissues, e.g., how ion transport at the blood-brain barrier as well as the CP may drive fluid flow. It also addresses recent promising data on two potential targets for modulating CP fluid secretion, the Na
    MeSH term(s) Extracellular Fluid ; TRPV Cation Channels ; Brain ; Blood-Brain Barrier/physiology ; Cerebral Ventricles ; Choroid Plexus
    Chemical Substances TRPV Cation Channels
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1211786-9
    ISSN 1095-953X ; 0969-9961
    ISSN (online) 1095-953X
    ISSN 0969-9961
    DOI 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106159
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  3. Article ; Online: Adenosquamous carcinoma of sigmoid colon in an adolescent: A case report and literature review.

    Lu, Shuai-Bing / Ge, Fu-Sheng / Liu, Chen / Hua, Ya-Wei

    Asian journal of surgery

    2022  Volume 45, Issue 4, Page(s) 1055–1056

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/surgery ; Colon, Sigmoid/diagnostic imaging ; Colon, Sigmoid/pathology ; Colon, Sigmoid/surgery ; Humans ; Sigmoid Neoplasms/pathology ; Sigmoid Neoplasms/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-17
    Publishing country China
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1068461-x
    ISSN 0219-3108 ; 1015-9584
    ISSN (online) 0219-3108
    ISSN 1015-9584
    DOI 10.1016/j.asjsur.2022.01.055
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  4. Article ; Online: Minocycline attenuates hydrocephalus and inhibits iron accumulation, ependymal damage and epiplexus cell activation after intraventricular hemorrhage in aged rats.

    Wan, Yingfeng / Holste, Katherine G / Ye, Fenghui / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Xi, Guohua

    Experimental neurology

    2023  Volume 369, Page(s) 114523

    Abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage is primarily a disease of the elderly and it is frequently accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) which can lead to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and poor prognosis. Red blood cell iron has been implicated in brain ... ...

    Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage is primarily a disease of the elderly and it is frequently accompanied by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) which can lead to posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus and poor prognosis. Red blood cell iron has been implicated in brain injury after cerebral hemorrhage. The current study examined using T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to detect periventricular iron deposition after IVH and investigated the effects of minocycline on hydrocephalus in an aged rat IVH model. It had three parts. In part 1, male aged rats received a 200 μl injection of saline or autologous blood into the lateral ventricle and were euthanized at day 14. In parts 2 and 3, aged IVH rats were treated with vehicle or minocycline and euthanized at day 7 or 14. Rats underwent MRI to quantify hydrocephalus and iron deposition followed by brain histology and immunohistochemistry. Periventricular iron overload was found after IVH using T2* MRI and confirmed by histology. IVH also caused ventricular wall damage and increased the number of CD68(+) choroid plexus epiplexus cells. Minocycline administration reduced iron deposition and ventricular volume at days 7 and 14 after IVH, as well as ventricle wall damage and epiplexus cell activation. In summary, IVH-induced hydrocephalus is associated with periventricular iron deposition, ependymal damage and choroid plexus epiplexus cell activation in aged rats. Minocycline attenuated those effects and might be a potential treatment for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in the elderly.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Aged ; Minocycline/pharmacology ; Minocycline/therapeutic use ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/complications ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/drug therapy ; Iron ; Hydrocephalus/diagnostic imaging ; Hydrocephalus/drug therapy ; Hydrocephalus/etiology
    Chemical Substances Minocycline (FYY3R43WGO) ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 207148-4
    ISSN 1090-2430 ; 0014-4886
    ISSN (online) 1090-2430
    ISSN 0014-4886
    DOI 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114523
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  5. Article: 基于油松树轮重建陕西省镇安县165年以来3—4月平均最高气温.

    Hua, Ya-Wei / Zhang, Hong-Juan / Liu, Kang

    Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology

    2020  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 381–387

    Abstract: We used tree rings of Pinus tabuliformis sampled in the Muwang National Forest Park to establish a standardized chronology (STD) and calculated the correlation coefficients between the standardized chronology and climatic factors of Zhen'an ... ...

    Title translation Reconstruction of the March-April average maximum air temperature over 165 years based on Pinus tabuliformis tree-rings of Zhen'an County, Shaanxi Province, China.
    Abstract We used tree rings of Pinus tabuliformis sampled in the Muwang National Forest Park to establish a standardized chronology (STD) and calculated the correlation coefficients between the standardized chronology and climatic factors of Zhen'an meteorological station. With linear regression analysis, we reconstructed the March-April mean maximum temperature of Zhen'an over 165 years from 1853 to 2017. The highest correlation coefficient was observed between the standardized chronology and the March-April mean maximum temperature (r=0.596, n=60, P<0.01). The variance interpretation of the March-April mean maximum temperature reconstruction function was 33.2%, and the reconstruction function and results were credible and reliable. Warm years occurred 25 times and cold years occurred 29 times in the reconstruction sequence. The warm years were more accompanied by flood events, while the cold years were accompanied by more drought events. Temperature fluctuated obviously in the reconstruction sequence, with two cold periods (1902-1917 and 1953-2000) and four warm periods (1868-1892, 1917-1937, 1941-1953 and 2001-2012). The obvious periodic variations of 2-7, 8-15, 18-28, 75-96, and 100-125 years were found in the reconstruction sequence, in which the quasi-113, 88 and 22 years were the first, second and third main periods, respectively. These variations might potentially be the fingerprints of some climate change forces such as solar activity, monsoon and EI Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity.
    MeSH term(s) China ; Climate Change ; Forests ; Pinus ; Temperature
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2020-05-31
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2881809-X
    ISSN 1001-9332
    ISSN 1001-9332
    DOI 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202002.026
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  6. Article ; Online: Glymphatic System and Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus.

    Ye, Fenghui / Keep, Richard F / Hua, Ya / Garton, Hugh J L / Xi, Guohua

    Brain hemorrhages

    2022  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) 44–46

    Abstract: The glymphatic system is a recently identified route for exchanging parenchyma interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid along perivascular space, facilitating brain waste clearance. Glymphatic system dysfunction has been reported in many neurological ... ...

    Abstract The glymphatic system is a recently identified route for exchanging parenchyma interstitial fluid and cerebrospinal fluid along perivascular space, facilitating brain waste clearance. Glymphatic system dysfunction has been reported in many neurological diseases. Here we discussed the possible role of glymphatic system in posthemorrhagic brain injury, especially posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-04
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-238X
    ISSN (online) 2589-238X
    DOI 10.1016/j.hest.2022.06.001
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  7. Article ; Online: Iron-Induced Hydrocephalus: the Role of Choroid Plexus Stromal Macrophages.

    Bian, Chaoyi / Wan, Yingfeng / Koduri, Sravanthi / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Xi, Guohua

    Translational stroke research

    2022  Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 238–249

    Abstract: Evidence indicates that erythrocyte-derived iron and inflammation both play a role in intraventricular hemorrhage-induced brain injury including hydrocephalus. Many immune-associated cells, primarily stromal macrophages, reside at the choroid plexus ... ...

    Abstract Evidence indicates that erythrocyte-derived iron and inflammation both play a role in intraventricular hemorrhage-induced brain injury including hydrocephalus. Many immune-associated cells, primarily stromal macrophages, reside at the choroid plexus where they are involved in inflammatory responses and antigen presentation. However, whether intraventricular iron impacts those stromal cells is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between choroid plexus stromal macrophages and iron-induced hydrocephalus in rats and the impact of minocycline and clodronate liposomes on those changes. Aged (18-month-old) and young (3-month-old) male Fischer 344 rats were used to study choroid plexus stromal macrophages. Rats underwent intraventricular iron injection to induce hydrocephalus and treated with either minocycline, a microglia/macrophage inhibitor, or clodronate liposomes, a macrophage depleting agent. Ventricular volume was measured using magnetic resonance imaging, and stromal macrophages were quantified by immunofluorescence staining. We found that stromal macrophages accounted for about 10% of the total choroid plexus cells with more in aged rats. In both aged and young rats, intraventricular iron injection resulted in hydrocephalus and increased stromal macrophage number. Minocycline or clodronate liposomes ameliorated iron-induced hydrocephalus and the increase in stromal macrophages. In conclusion, stromal macrophages account for ~10% of all choroid plexus cells, with more in aged rats. Treatments targeting macrophages (minocycline and clodronate liposomes) are associated with reduced iron-induced hydrocephalus.
    MeSH term(s) Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Iron ; Minocycline/pharmacology ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Choroid Plexus/pathology ; Clodronic Acid/pharmacology ; Liposomes ; Hydrocephalus/chemically induced ; Hydrocephalus/pathology ; Rats, Inbred F344 ; Macrophages
    Chemical Substances Iron (E1UOL152H7) ; Minocycline (FYY3R43WGO) ; Clodronic Acid (0813BZ6866) ; Liposomes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2541897-X
    ISSN 1868-601X ; 1868-4483
    ISSN (online) 1868-601X
    ISSN 1868-4483
    DOI 10.1007/s12975-022-01031-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Novel Approach to Visualize Microglia Death and Proliferation After Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice.

    Ye, Fenghui / Yang, Jinting / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Xi, Guohua

    Stroke

    2022  Volume 53, Issue 11, Page(s) e472–e476

    Abstract: Background: Microglia are important brain immune cells. However, it is difficult to differentiate microglia from monocyte-derived macrophages. To visualize microglia changes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), we utilized a genetic knock-in mouse ... ...

    Abstract Background: Microglia are important brain immune cells. However, it is difficult to differentiate microglia from monocyte-derived macrophages. To visualize microglia changes following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), we utilized a genetic knock-in mouse line, Tmem119 (transmembrane protein 119)-EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein), which expresses EGFP specifically in microglia.
    Methods: There were 2 parts in this study. First, autologous blood was injected into the right basal ganglia to model ICH in Tmem119-EGFP mice. Mice were euthanized at 4 hours, days 1, 3, and 7 after ICH. Sham animals were used as controls. Second, Tmem119-EGFP mice were injected with iron or thrombin, factors involved in ICH-induced injury, and were euthanized at 4 hours. Naïve mice were controls. Brains were harvested for histology.
    Results: The number of perihematomal microglia significantly decreased 1 day after ICH, but markedly increased by days 3 and 7. Microglia death was also induced by intracerebral iron injection while microglia proliferation was found with intracerebral thrombin injection.
    Conclusions: Perihematomal microglia death and proliferation after ICH are visualized in vivo with a Tmem119-EGFP transgenic mouse line. Iron and thrombin may contribute to ICH-induced microglia death and proliferation, respectively.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Microglia/pathology ; Thrombin ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology ; Brain Injuries/pathology ; Mice, Transgenic ; Iron/metabolism ; Cell Proliferation
    Chemical Substances Thrombin (EC 3.4.21.5) ; Iron (E1UOL152H7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 80381-9
    ISSN 1524-4628 ; 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    ISSN (online) 1524-4628
    ISSN 0039-2499 ; 0749-7954
    DOI 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.040302
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  9. Article ; Online: Brain edema formation and therapy after intracerebral hemorrhage.

    Wan, Yingfeng / Holste, Katherine G / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Xi, Guohua

    Neurobiology of disease

    2022  Volume 176, Page(s) 105948

    Abstract: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for about 10% of all strokes in the United States of America causing a high degree of disability and mortality. There is initial (primary) brain injury due to the mechanical disruption caused by the hematoma. There ...

    Abstract Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) accounts for about 10% of all strokes in the United States of America causing a high degree of disability and mortality. There is initial (primary) brain injury due to the mechanical disruption caused by the hematoma. There is then secondary injury, triggered by the initial injury but also the release of various clot-derived factors (e.g., thrombin and hemoglobin). ICH alters brain fluid homeostasis. Apart from the initial hematoma mass, ICH causes blood-brain barrier disruption and parenchymal cell swelling, which result in brain edema and intracranial hypertension affecting patient prognosis. Reducing brain edema is a critical part of post-ICH care. However, there are limited effective treatment methods for reducing perihematomal cerebral edema and intracranial pressure in ICH. This review discusses the mechanisms underlying perihematomal brain edema formation, the effects of sex and age, as well as how edema is resolved. It examines progress in pharmacotherapy, particularly focusing on drugs which have been or are currently being investigated in clinical trials.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Brain Edema/etiology ; Brain Edema/therapy ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/complications ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/therapy ; Brain ; Treatment Outcome ; Hematoma/drug therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1211786-9
    ISSN 1095-953X ; 0969-9961
    ISSN (online) 1095-953X
    ISSN 0969-9961
    DOI 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105948
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  10. Article ; Online: Characteristics of activation of monocyte-derived macrophages versus microglia after mouse experimental intracerebral hemorrhage.

    Ye, Fenghui / Yang, Jinting / Holste, Katherine G / Koduri, Sravanthi / Hua, Ya / Keep, Richard F / Garton, Hugh Jl / Xi, Guohua

    Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism

    2023  Volume 43, Issue 9, Page(s) 1475–1489

    Abstract: Both monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and brain resident microglia participate in hematoma resolution after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Here, we utilized a transgenic mouse line with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) labeled microglia ( ... ...

    Abstract Both monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and brain resident microglia participate in hematoma resolution after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Here, we utilized a transgenic mouse line with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) labeled microglia (Tmem119-EGFP mice) combined with a F4/80 immunohistochemistry (a pan-macrophage marker) to visualize changes in MDMs and microglia after ICH. A murine model of ICH was used in which autologous blood was stereotactically injected into the right basal ganglia. The autologous blood was co-injected with CD47 blocking antibodies to enhance phagocytosis or clodronate liposomes for phagocyte depletion. In addition, Tmem119-EGFP mice were injected with the blood components peroxiredoxin 2 (Prx2) or thrombin. MDMs entered the brain and formed a peri-hematoma cell layer by day 3 after ICH and giant phagocytes engulfed red blood cells were found. CD47 blocking antibody increased the number of MDMs around and inside the hematoma and extended MDM phagocytic activity to day 7. Both MDMs and microglia could be diminished by clodronate liposomes. Intracerebral injection of Prx2 but not thrombin attracted MDMs into brain parenchyma. In conclusion, MDMs play an important role in phagocytosis after ICH which can be enhanced by CD47 blocking antibody, suggesting the modulation of MDMs after ICH could be a future therapeutic target.
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Microglia/metabolism ; CD47 Antigen/metabolism ; CD47 Antigen/therapeutic use ; Clodronic Acid/pharmacology ; Clodronic Acid/metabolism ; Clodronic Acid/therapeutic use ; Liposomes/metabolism ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/metabolism ; Mice, Transgenic ; Hematoma/metabolism
    Chemical Substances CD47 Antigen ; Clodronic Acid (0813BZ6866) ; Liposomes
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 604628-9
    ISSN 1559-7016 ; 0271-678X
    ISSN (online) 1559-7016
    ISSN 0271-678X
    DOI 10.1177/0271678X231173187
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