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Article ; Online: Victims rational decision

Aikins Amoako Asiama / Hua Zhong

Cogent Social Sciences, Vol 8, Iss

A theoretical and empirical explanation of dark figures in crime statistics

2022 Volume 1

Abstract: A victim’s decision to report the incidence of crime to the police is a significant determinant in the fight against dark figures in official crime data. When victims decline to disclose crimes to the police, the criminal justice system’s capabilities ... ...

Abstract	A victim’s decision to report the incidence of crime to the police is a significant determinant in the fight against dark figures in official crime data. When victims decline to disclose crimes to the police, the criminal justice system’s capabilities are severely undermined, and one of its most vital functions (to deter crime) is undermined. However, not reporting an incidence of crime to the police is subjective decision victims mostly make based on personal analysis of “cost” and “benefits” associated with such report. Therefore, to understand victims’ rational decisions in crime reporting, binary logistic regression is used to predict the likelihood of reporting the incident of crime to the police using the assumptions of rational choice theory, and data from National Crime Panel Victimization Data (2018). The findings of the study showed that victims would be willing to report the incidence of a crime if they can recognize the identity of the offender and if such crimes are considered serious/dangerous. Victims may feel danger in situations like this and be “compelled” to report the crime to the police because of the high cost associated with not reporting. However, not when the same crime is committed repeatedly.
Keywords	rational choice ; crime incidence ; dark figures ; police ; reporting ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Activation of Persulfate for Groundwater Remediation

Yan Li / Guansheng Liu / Jinping He / Hua Zhong

Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 1304, p

From Bench Studies to Application

2023 Volume 1304

Abstract: Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been increasingly used for the remediation of contaminated groundwater and soil. In recent years, there have been numerous studies in the literature on all aspects of the activation of persulfate for ...

Abstract	Persulfate-based in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) has been increasingly used for the remediation of contaminated groundwater and soil. In recent years, there have been numerous studies in the literature on all aspects of the activation of persulfate for contaminant removal at the laboratory scale, including the ways and mechanisms for the activation, the pathways of contaminant degradation, the factors associated with the activation performance, the methods characterizing the processes, etc. In contrast, studies in the literature on the practical use of the activated persulfate at the field scale are fewer, and at the same time have not been reviewed in an organized way. This review was initiated to summarize on the current research on the applications of activated persulfate for actual site remediation, and to extract the knowledge necessary for the formation of applicable technologies. The remediation efficiency and mechanism of activated persulfates by heat, alkaline, metal-based, and electrokinetic activated technologies are described. The major factors including pH, the persistence of persulfate, and the radius of influence and soil property during ISCO remediation applications were presented and discussed. Finally, the rebound process and impact towards microbial communities after in-situ chemical oxidation on site application were discussed.
Keywords	persulfate activation ; in situ chemical oxidation ; degradation of organic pollutants ; groundwater remediation ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An All-Batch Loss for Constructing Prediction Intervals

Hua Zhong / Li Xu

Applied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 4, p

2021 Volume 1728

Abstract: The prediction interval (PI) is an important research topic in reliability analyses and decision support systems. Data size and computation costs are two of the issues which may hamper the construction of PIs. This paper proposes an all-batch (AB) loss ... ...

Abstract	The prediction interval (PI) is an important research topic in reliability analyses and decision support systems. Data size and computation costs are two of the issues which may hamper the construction of PIs. This paper proposes an all-batch (AB) loss function for constructing high quality PIs. Taking the full advantage of the likelihood principle, the proposed loss makes it possible to train PI generation models using the gradient descent (GD) method for both small and large batches of samples. With the structure of dual feedforward neural networks (FNNs), a high-quality PI generation framework is introduced, which can be adapted to a variety of problems including regression analysis. Numerical experiments were conducted on the benchmark datasets; the results show that higher-quality PIs were achieved using the proposed scheme. Its reliability and stability were also verified in comparison with various state-of-the-art PI construction methods.
Keywords	feedforward neural network ; prediction interval ; uncertainty quantification ; loss function ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: AWD-stacking: An enhanced ensemble learning model for predicting glucose levels.

Yang, HuaZhong / Chen, Zhongju / Huang, Jinfan / Li, Suruo

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) e0291594

Abstract: Accurate prediction of blood glucose levels is essential for type 1 diabetes optimizing insulin therapy and minimizing complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. Using ensemble learning algorithms is a promising approach. In this regard, this study ... ...

Abstract	Accurate prediction of blood glucose levels is essential for type 1 diabetes optimizing insulin therapy and minimizing complications in patients with type 1 diabetes. Using ensemble learning algorithms is a promising approach. In this regard, this study proposes an improved stacking ensemble learning algorithm for predicting blood glucose level, in which three improved long short-term memory network models are used as the base model, and an improved nearest neighbor propagation clustering algorithm is adaptively weighted to this ensemble model. The OhioT1DM dataset is used to train and evaluate the performance of the proposed model. This study evaluated the performance of the proposed model using the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) as the evaluation metrics. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves an RMSE of 1.425 mg/dL, MAE of 0.721 mg/dL, and MCC of 0.982 mg/dL for a 30-minute prediction horizon(PH), RMSE of 3.212 mg/dL, MAE of 1.605 mg/dL, and MCC of 0.950 mg/dL for a 45-minute PH; and RMSE of 6.346 mg/dL, MAE of 3.232 mg/dL, and MCC of 0.930 mg/dL for a 60-minute PH. Compared with the best non-ensemble model StackLSTM, the RMSE and MAE were improved by up to 27.92% and 65.32%, respectively. Clarke Error Grid Analysis and critical difference diagram revealed that the model errors were within 10%. The model proposed in this study exhibits state-of-the-art predictive performance, making it suitable for clinical decision-making and of significant importance for the effective treatment of diabetes in patients.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Algorithms ; Insulin ; Machine Learning
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Insulin
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0291594
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Health-related quality of life and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Sichuan, China

Hua Zhong / Fuling Wei / Yuqing Song / Hong Chen / Zhao Ni

Frontiers in Public Health, Vol

A cross-sectional study

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: PurposeThis study aimed to explore health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Sichuan, China.MethodsA total of 401 PLWH were recruited from the city of Panzhihua between August 2018 and ... ...

Abstract	PurposeThis study aimed to explore health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWH) in Sichuan, China.MethodsA total of 401 PLWH were recruited from the city of Panzhihua between August 2018 and January 2019. Demographic characteristics and disease-related data were collected by self-administered questionnaires and medical system records. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured by the medical outcome study HIV health survey (MOS-HIV), which measured ten subdimensions and two summarized dimensions, the physical health summary score (PHS) and the mental health summary score (MHS). Logistic regression models were used to explore the variables independently associated with quality of life.ResultsThe PHS and MHS measured by MOS-HIV were 53.66 ± 6.80 and 51.31 ± 7.66, respectively. Younger age, higher educational level, no methadone use, higher CD4 lymphocyte counts, less symptom counts and heathy BMI significantly were associated with higher HRQOL in the univariate χ2-test analysis. Education level was found to have a significant influence on patients' quality of life, both in physical health (P = 0.022) and mental health (P = 0.002) dimensions. Younger age (P = 0.032), higher CD4 lymphocyte counts (P = 0.007), less symptom counts (P < 0.001) and health BMI level (P < 0.001) were positively related to the PHS of quality of life in the multivariable logistic regression model.ConclusionThe HRQoL of PLWH in Sinchuan Province was relatively low. Age, educational level, methadone use, CD4 lymphocyte counts, symptom counts and BMI were positively related to quality of life. This study indicates that health caregivers should pay more attention to comorbidity issues and mental health in PLWH, especially for those with lower education levels, unhealthy body mass index, more symptomatic presentation and older age.
Keywords	HIV ; health-related quality of life ; China ; influencing factors ; cross-sectional study ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 15 Is a New Predictive Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Ovarian Cancer

Qiu-Hua Zhong / Andy T. Y. Lau / Yan-Ming Xu

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 25, Iss 1, p

2023 Volume 109

Abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinase 15 (MAPK15) has been reported to be associated with several cancers. This study aimed to explore for the first time on the relationship between MAPK15 expression and cancer progression/drug responsiveness in ovarian ... ...

Abstract	Mitogen-activated protein kinase 15 (MAPK15) has been reported to be associated with several cancers. This study aimed to explore for the first time on the relationship between MAPK15 expression and cancer progression/drug responsiveness in ovarian carcinoma. To this end, MAPK15 expression level was examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining of an ovarian tissue array (10 normal and 70 malignant samples). Drug sensitivity of ovarian cancer cell lines (including OVCAR3 and SKOV3) was measured by MTS assay. The modulation of MAPK15 expression in OVCAR3 and SKOV3 was verified by immunoblot and real-time PCR analyses. The prognostic value of MAPK15 in ovarian cancer patients was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. The IHC results showed that MAPK15 expression was negatively associated with tumor grade, TNM stage, tumor size, and regional lymph node metastasis of ovarian carcinoma. Importantly, overexpressing MAPK15 increased cisplatin toxicity in ovarian carcinoma cells and online database analysis indicated that patients with high MAPK15 expression had favorable prognosis with/without chemotherapy. Taken together, our results indicate that a decreased MAPK15 expression is associated with advanced-stage ovarian cancer and unfavorable survival outcomes. MAPK15 may be a new biomarker for ovarian cancer, and the encouraging therapeutic strategy would be found by combining the regulation of MAPK15 expression.
Keywords	MAPK15 ; biomarker ; therapeutic target ; ovarian cancer ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Local Ties, Trans-Local Ties, and Substance Use among Rural-to-Urban Migrants in China

Xi Chen / Hua Zhong / Serena Yunran Zhang

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 4233, p

2022 Volume 4233

Abstract: China has witnessed unprecedented rural-to-urban migration since the early 1980s. While trying to assimilate into the city, rural-to-urban migrants still maintain close ties with their home communities. This study examines how local ties and trans-local ... ...

Abstract	China has witnessed unprecedented rural-to-urban migration since the early 1980s. While trying to assimilate into the city, rural-to-urban migrants still maintain close ties with their home communities. This study examines how local ties and trans-local ties of rural-to-urban migrants affect their alcohol and tobacco use. Data were obtained from the 2016 and 2018 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey, a nationally representative sample of adults aged over 15 in 29 provinces in China. Participants included 1426 rural-to-urban migrant workers and 6438 urban residents in China. We found that compared to urban natives, rural-to-urban migrants had higher tobacco use prevalence (logit = 0.19, 95% CI = [0.03, 0.35]; p < 0.05) and more frequent alcohol use (logit = 0.27, 95% CI = [0.11, 0.42]; p < 0.001) after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Migrants with more local social ties engaged in more frequent drinking (having >10 local friends vs. having 0 local friends: logit = 0.58, [0.10, 1.06], p < 0.05), whereas trans-local ties were not a significant correlate. In contrast, migrants who returned to their hometown more times (an indicator of trans-local ties) were more likely to be current tobacco users (logit = 0.01, 95% CI = [0.00, 0.02], p < 0.01) after adjusting for sociodemographic variables. These findings extended the research on social networks and health behaviors by identifying how local and trans-local ties differentially affected the vulnerabilities of tobacco and alcohol use among rural-to-urban migrants in China. The findings suggested that policies and interventions on reducing migrants’ health risk behaviors should focus on the role of different types of social ties.
Keywords	local ties ; trans-local ties ; alcohol use ; tobacco use ; rural-to-urban migrants ; China ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	950
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Combination of dasabuvir and PSI-6206 for the treatment of coxsackievirus B3 infection

Oluwatayo Israel Olasunkanmi / Zhao-Hua Zhong

Journal of Virus Eradication, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 100074- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infections may cause life-threatening diseases and have no approved specific treatment. Some promising approaches to treat viral diseases include drug repurposing and combination therapy. We have selected in this study dasabuvir, ...

Abstract	Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infections may cause life-threatening diseases and have no approved specific treatment. Some promising approaches to treat viral diseases include drug repurposing and combination therapy. We have selected in this study dasabuvir, an approved antiviral drug, and PSI-6206, an experimental drug and determined their individual and combined antiviral activity against CVB3 replication in vitro. Our results show that the individual drugs inhibited CVB3 infection in a dose-dependent manner, at a selective index >10 with a strong synergetic antiviral effect of the two compounds. Given that dasabuvir has already been approved for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection, treatment of CVB3-related disease with this drug may represent a promising treatment strategy.
Keywords	Coxsackievirus B3 ; Dasabuvir ; PSI-6206 ; Drug repurposing ; Drug combination ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Torsional Strain Enabled Ring-Opening Polymerization towards Axially Chiral Semiaromatic Polyesters with Chemical Recyclability.

Cao, Qing / Tu, Yi-Min / Fan, Hua-Zhong / Shan, Si-Yi / Cai, Zhongzheng / Zhu, Jian-Bo

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

2024 Volume 63, Issue 13, Page(s) e202400196

Abstract: The development of new chemically recyclable polymers via monomer design would provide a transformative strategy to address the energy crisis and plastic pollution problem. Biaryl-fused cyclic esters were targeted to generate axially chiral polymers, ... ...

Abstract	The development of new chemically recyclable polymers via monomer design would provide a transformative strategy to address the energy crisis and plastic pollution problem. Biaryl-fused cyclic esters were targeted to generate axially chiral polymers, which would impart new material performance. To overcome the non-polymerizability of the biaryl-fused monomer DBO, a cyclic ester Me-DBO installed with dimethyl substitution was prepared to enable its polymerizability via enhancing torsional strain. Impressively, Me-DBO readily went through well-controlled ring-opening polymerization, producing polymer P(Me-DBO) with high glass transition temperature (T
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2011836-3
ISSN	1521-3773 ; 1433-7851
ISSN (online)	1521-3773
ISSN	1433-7851
DOI	10.1002/anie.202400196
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Article ; Online: Nickel-Catalyzed Antibody Bioconjugation.

Bacauanu, Vlad / Merz, Zoe N / Hua, Zhong L / Lang, Simon B

Journal of the American Chemical Society

2023 Volume 145, Issue 47, Page(s) 25842–25849

Abstract: New biocompatible methods for post-translational protein modification are challenging to develop but crucial to create improved chemical probes and optimize next-generation biologic therapies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Herein, we describe ... ...

Abstract	New biocompatible methods for post-translational protein modification are challenging to develop but crucial to create improved chemical probes and optimize next-generation biologic therapies such as antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). Herein, we describe the bottom-up construction of an aqueous nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling for the chemospecific arylation of cysteine residues on peptides and proteins and its use for the preparation of ADCs. A variety of arene linkages are exemplified, enabling the incorporation of small molecules, probes, and cytotoxic payloads. The utility of this new bioconjugation platform in a drug discovery setting is highlighted by the construction of novel ADCs with target-mediated in vitro cytotoxic activity.
MeSH term(s)	Nickel ; Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry ; Proteins/chemistry ; Peptides/chemistry ; Immunoconjugates/chemistry ; Catalysis
Chemical Substances	Nickel (7OV03QG267) ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Proteins ; Peptides ; Immunoconjugates
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3155-0
ISSN	1520-5126 ; 0002-7863
ISSN (online)	1520-5126
ISSN	0002-7863
DOI	10.1021/jacs.3c10185
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