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  1. Article ; Online: Dietary Relationship with 24 h Urinary Iodine Concentrations of Young Adults in the Mountain West Region of the United States.

    Gostas, Demetre E / Larson-Meyer, D Enette / Yoder, Hillary A / Huffman, Ainsley E / Johnson, Evan C

    Nutrients

    2020  Volume 12, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: Iodine deficiency is not seen as a public health concern in the US. However certain subpopulations may be vulnerable due to inadequate dietary sources. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dietary habits that influence ... ...

    Abstract Background: Iodine deficiency is not seen as a public health concern in the US. However certain subpopulations may be vulnerable due to inadequate dietary sources. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dietary habits that influence iodine status in young adult men and women, and to evaluate the relationship between iodine status and thyroid function.
    Methods: 111 participants (31.6 ± 0.8 years, 173.2 ± 1.0 cm, 74.9 ± 1.7 kg) provided 24 h urine samples and completed an iodine-specific Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for assessment of urinary iodine content (UIC) as a marker of iodine status and habitual iodine intake, respectively. Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) concentration was evaluated as a marker of thyroid function. Spearman correlational and regression analysis were performed to analyze the associations between iodine intake and iodine status, and iodine status and thyroid function.
    Results: 50.4% of participants had a 24 h UIC < 100 µg/L). Dairy (r = 0.391,
    Discussion: Total dairy and egg intake were the primary predictors of estimated iodine intake, as well as UIC. Iodized salt use was not a significant predictor, raising questions about the reliability of iodized salt recall. These data will be useful in directing public health and clinical assessment efforts in the US and other countries.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet/statistics & numerical data ; Diet Surveys ; Feeding Behavior/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Iodine/analysis ; Iodine/urine ; Male ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary/analysis ; Southwestern United States ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Thyroid Function Tests ; Thyrotropin/blood ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; iodized salt ; Thyrotropin (9002-71-5) ; Iodine (9679TC07X4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12010121
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Randomized Clinical Trial Testing Hydroxychloroquine for Reduction of SARS-CoV-2 Viral Shedding and Hospitalization in Early Outpatient COVID-19 Infection.

    Spivak, Adam M / Barney, Bradley J / Greene, Tom / Holubkov, Richard / Olsen, Cody S / Bridges, Jordan / Srivastava, Raj / Webb, Brandon / Sebahar, Frances / Huffman, Ainsley / Pacchia, Christina F / Dean, J Michael / Hess, Rachel

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  , Page(s) e0467422

    Abstract: Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, no effective treatment existed to prevent clinical worsening of COVID-19 among recently diagnosed outpatients. At the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, we conducted a phase 2 prospective parallel group randomized ... ...

    Abstract Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, no effective treatment existed to prevent clinical worsening of COVID-19 among recently diagnosed outpatients. At the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, we conducted a phase 2 prospective parallel group randomized placebo-controlled trial (NCT04342169) to determine whether hydroxychloroquine given early in disease reduces the duration of SARS-CoV-2 shedding. We enrolled nonhospitalized adults (≥18 years of age) with a recent positive diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 (within 72 h of enrollment) and adult household contacts. Participants received either 400 mg hydroxychloroquine by mouth twice daily on day 1 followed by 200 mg by mouth twice daily on days 2 to 5 or oral placebo with the same schedule. We performed SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) on oropharyngeal swabs on days 1 to 14 and 28 and monitored clinical symptomatology, rates of hospitalization, and viral acquisition by adult household contacts. We identified no overall differences in the duration of oropharyngeal carriage of SARS-CoV-2 (hazard ratio of viral shedding time comparing hydroxychloroquine to placebo, 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91, 1.62). Overall, 28-day hospitalization incidence was similar between treatments (4.6% hydroxychloroquine versus 2.7% placebo). No differences were seen in symptom duration, severity, or viral acquisition in household contacts between treatment groups. The study did not reach the prespecified enrollment target, which was likely influenced by a steep decline in COVID-19 incidence corresponding to the initial vaccine rollout in the spring of 2021. Oropharyngeal swabs were self-collected, which may introduce variability in these results. Placebo treatments were not identical to hydroxychloroquine treatments (capsules versus tablets) which may have led to inadvertent participant unblinding. In this group of community adults early in the COVID-19 pandemic, hydroxychloroquine did not significantly alter the natural history of early COVID-19 disease. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT04342169).
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.04674-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Dietary Relationship with 24 h Urinary Iodine Concentrations of Young Adults in the Mountain West Region of the United States

    Gostas, Demetre E / Larson-Meyer, D. Enette / Yoder, Hillary A / Huffman, Ainsley E / Johnson, Evan C

    Nutrients. 2020 Jan. 01, v. 12, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: Background: Iodine deficiency is not seen as a public health concern in the US. However certain subpopulations may be vulnerable due to inadequate dietary sources. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dietary habits that influence iodine ...

    Abstract Background: Iodine deficiency is not seen as a public health concern in the US. However certain subpopulations may be vulnerable due to inadequate dietary sources. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dietary habits that influence iodine status in young adult men and women, and to evaluate the relationship between iodine status and thyroid function. Methods: 111 participants (31.6 ± 0.8 years, 173.2 ± 1.0 cm, 74.9 ± 1.7 kg) provided 24 h urine samples and completed an iodine-specific Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for assessment of urinary iodine content (UIC) as a marker of iodine status and habitual iodine intake, respectively. Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) concentration was evaluated as a marker of thyroid function. Spearman correlational and regression analysis were performed to analyze the associations between iodine intake and iodine status, and iodine status and thyroid function. Results: 50.4% of participants had a 24 h UIC < 100 µg/L). Dairy (r = 0.391, p < 0.000) and egg intake (r = 0.192, p = 0.044) were the best predictors of UIC, accounting for 19.7% of the variance (p ≤ 0.0001). There was a significant correlation between UIC and serum TSH (r = 0.194, p < 0.05) but TSH did not vary by iodine status category (F = 1.087, p = 0.372). Discussion: Total dairy and egg intake were the primary predictors of estimated iodine intake, as well as UIC. Iodized salt use was not a significant predictor, raising questions about the reliability of iodized salt recall. These data will be useful in directing public health and clinical assessment efforts in the US and other countries.
    Keywords accounting ; blood serum ; correlation ; dietary nutrient sources ; eating habits ; eggs ; food frequency questionnaires ; iodine ; iodine deficiency ; iodized salt ; men ; nutrients ; public health ; regression analysis ; reliability ; sampling ; thyroid function ; thyrotropin ; urine ; variance ; women ; young adults ; United States
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0101
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu12010121
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Urinary markers of hydration during 3-day water restriction and graded rehydration

    Johnson, Evan C / Huffman, Ainsley E / Yoder, Hillary / Dolci, Alberto / Perrier, Erica T / Larson-Meyer, D. Enette / Armstrong, Lawrence E

    European journal of nutrition. 2020 Aug., v. 59, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: PURPOSE: This investigation had three purposes: (a) to evaluate changes in hydration biomarkers in response to a graded rehydration intervention (GRHI) following 3 days of water restriction (WR), (b) assess within-day variation in urine concentrations, ... ...

    Abstract PURPOSE: This investigation had three purposes: (a) to evaluate changes in hydration biomarkers in response to a graded rehydration intervention (GRHI) following 3 days of water restriction (WR), (b) assess within-day variation in urine concentrations, and (c) quantify the volume of fluid needed to return to euhydration as demonstrated by change in Ucₒₗ. METHODS: 115 adult males and females were observed during 1 week of habitual fluid intake, 3 days of fluid restriction (1000 mL day⁻¹), and a fourth day in which the sample was randomized into five different GRHI groups: no additional water, CON; additional 500 mL, G₊₀.₅₀; additional 1000 mL, G₊₁.₀₀; additional 1500 mL, G₊₁.₅₀; additional 2250 mL, G₊₂.₂₅. All urine was collected on 1 day of the baseline week, during the final 2 days of the WR, and during the day of GRHI, and evaluated for urine osmolality, color, and specific gravity. RESULTS: Following the GRHI, only G₊₁.₅₀ and G₊₂.₂₅ resulted in all urinary values being significantly different from CON. The mean volume of water increase was significantly greater for those whose Ucₒₗ changed from > 4 to < 4 (+ 1435 ± 812 mL) than those whose Ucₒₗ remained ≥ 4 (+ 667 ± 722 mL, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: An additional 500 mL of water is not sufficient, while approximately 1500 mL of additional water (for a total intake between 2990 and 3515 mL day⁻¹) is required to return to a urine color associated with adequate water intake, following 3 days of WR.
    Keywords adults ; biomarkers ; color ; euhydration ; females ; males ; osmolality ; rehydration ; specific gravity ; urine
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-08
    Size p. 2171-2181.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1466536-0
    ISSN 1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
    ISSN (online) 1436-6215
    ISSN 1436-6207
    DOI 10.1007/s00394-019-02065-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2281: Show issues

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  5. Article ; Online: Educational Intervention Changes College Students' Attitudes toward Prescription Opioid Drug Use.

    Johnson, Evan C / Huffman, Ainsley E / Yoder, Hillary A / Bordelon, Nicole M / Sewczak-Claude, Gretchen / Smith, Derek T

    Substance use & misuse

    2019  Volume 55, Issue 3, Page(s) 367–376

    Abstract: Background: ...

    Abstract Background:
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Analgesics, Opioid ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Male ; Prescription Drugs ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Universities ; Visual Analog Scale ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Analgesics, Opioid ; Prescription Drugs
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1310358-1
    ISSN 1532-2491 ; 1082-6084
    ISSN (online) 1532-2491
    ISSN 1082-6084
    DOI 10.1080/10826084.2019.1673418
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 935: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Urinary markers of hydration during 3-day water restriction and graded rehydration.

    Johnson, Evan C / Huffman, Ainsley E / Yoder, Hillary / Dolci, Alberto / Perrier, Erica T / Larson-Meyer, D Enette / Armstrong, Lawrence E

    European journal of nutrition

    2019  Volume 59, Issue 5, Page(s) 2171–2181

    Abstract: Purpose: This investigation had three purposes: (a) to evaluate changes in hydration biomarkers in response to a graded rehydration intervention (GRHI) following 3 days of water restriction (WR), (b) assess within-day variation in urine concentrations, ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This investigation had three purposes: (a) to evaluate changes in hydration biomarkers in response to a graded rehydration intervention (GRHI) following 3 days of water restriction (WR), (b) assess within-day variation in urine concentrations, and (c) quantify the volume of fluid needed to return to euhydration as demonstrated by change in U
    Methods: 115 adult males and females were observed during 1 week of habitual fluid intake, 3 days of fluid restriction (1000 mL day
    Results: Following the GRHI, only G
    Conclusions: An additional 500 mL of water is not sufficient, while approximately 1500 mL of additional water (for a total intake between 2990 and 3515 mL day
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biomarkers ; Dehydration ; Drinking ; Female ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Osmolar Concentration ; Water ; Water-Electrolyte Balance
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-19
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 1466536-0
    ISSN 1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
    ISSN (online) 1436-6215
    ISSN 1436-6207
    DOI 10.1007/s00394-019-02065-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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