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  1. Article: An ELISA Using Synthetic Mycolic Acid-Based Antigens with DIVA Potential for Diagnosing Johne's Disease in Cattle.

    Mason, Paul S / Holder, Thomas / Robinson, Natasha / Smith, Brendan / Hameed, Rwoa'a T / Al Dulayymi, Juma'a R / Hughes, Valerie / Stevenson, Karen / Jones, Gareth J / Vordermeier, H Martin / Mc Kenna, Shawn / Baird, Mark S

    Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 6

    Abstract: The problem: Ante-mortem diagnosis of Johne's disease, caused by : Method: Antibody responses to different classes of mycolic acid derivatives were measured using ELISA for serum from cattle positive for MAP by both faecal PCR and commercial serum ... ...

    Abstract The problem: Ante-mortem diagnosis of Johne's disease, caused by
    Method: Antibody responses to different classes of mycolic acid derivatives were measured using ELISA for serum from cattle positive for MAP by both faecal PCR and commercial serum ELISA, or just by PCR, and from animals from herds with no history of Johne's disease, bovine tuberculosis reactors, BCG-vaccinated, BCG-vaccinated and
    Results: The best-performing antigens, ZAM295 and ST123-the latter a molecule present in the cells of MAP but not of
    Conclusion: Serum ELISA using synthetic lipids distinguishes effectively between MAP-negative cattle samples and those positive by both PCR and a commercial MAP serodiagnostic, without interference by Gudair or BCG vaccination. It identified almost twice as many PCR positives as the commercial serodiagnostic, offering the possibility of earlier detection of infection.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2606558-7
    ISSN 2076-2615
    ISSN 2076-2615
    DOI 10.3390/ani14060848
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: The institutional dimension

    Hughes, Valerie

    The Oxford handbook of international trade law , p. 269-297

    2009  , Page(s) 269–297

    Author's details Valerie Hughes
    Keywords Internationale Handelspolitik ; Internationales Handelsrecht ; Handelsabkommen ; Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit ; Internationale Organisation ; Welt
    Language English
    Publisher Oxford Univ. Press
    Publishing place Oxford [u.a.]
    Document type Article
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  3. Article ; Online: Health Economics and Outcomes Research Knowledge Needs Assessment for Latin America.

    Hughes, Valerie S / Ferreira De Azeredo-Da-Silva, André Luis / Hincapie, Ana L

    Value in health regional issues

    2019  Volume 20, Page(s) 2–6

    Abstract: Background: An increasing awareness of the importance of health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) skills has been reported in Latin America. There is, however, no published study directly assessing perceived knowledge levels and knowledge gaps on ... ...

    Abstract Background: An increasing awareness of the importance of health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) skills has been reported in Latin America. There is, however, no published study directly assessing perceived knowledge levels and knowledge gaps on specific HEOR topics among professionals and students in the region.
    Objectives: To assess perceived HEOR knowledge levels and identify knowledge gaps in Latin America.
    Methods: An online needs assessment survey was developed to quantify perceived HEOR knowledge levels and identify knowledge gaps. Members of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in the Latin American region, regional chapters, and student chapter presidents were invited to participate in the survey. The survey, developed using the SurveyMonkey tool, was distributed to participants electronically. Data were extracted from the survey and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics to summarize the survey respondents' demographic information, current and desired knowledge levels, and preferred method/format for delivery of educational training.
    Results: Survey responses were collected from 106 participants. The largest knowledge gap was calculated for methods for integrating medication adherence and persistence in health economic evaluations (mean = 2.30 ± 1.48). The smallest knowledge gap was calculated for types of healthcare costs (mean = 1.01 ± 1.17). Most respondents (74% [n = 66]) preferred to receive educational materials related to HEOR topics through online learning and continuing education programs.
    Conclusions: The knowledge gap assessment provided current knowledge gap perceptions among members of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research in Latin America. The survey data collected support a need for developing educational programs for topics with the highest perceived knowledge gap.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Economics, Medical ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Latin America ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Needs Assessment ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2679127-4
    ISSN 2212-1102 ; 2212-1099
    ISSN (online) 2212-1102
    ISSN 2212-1099
    DOI 10.1016/j.vhri.2018.10.006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 6969: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: WTO dispute settlement

    Hughes, Valerie

    Chinas̕ participation in the WTO , p. 265-281

    past, present and future

    2005  , Page(s) 265–281

    Institution World Trade Organization
    Author's details Valerie Hughes
    Keywords Internationale Wirtschaftsbeziehungen ; WTO-Recht ; Konflikt ; Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit ; Welt
    Language English
    Publisher Cameron May
    Publishing place London
    Document type Article
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  5. Article: Arbitration within the WTO

    Hughes, Valerie

    The WTO Dispute Settlement System 1995 - 2003 , p. 75-86

    2004  , Page(s) 75–86

    Author's details Valerie Hughes
    Keywords Internationale Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit ; WTO-Recht
    Language English
    Publisher Kluwer Law International
    Publishing place The Hague [u.a.]
    Document type Article
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  6. Article ; Online: The development and use of Actiphage

    Swift, Benjamin M C / Meade, Nathan / Barron, Elsa Sandoval / Bennett, Malcolm / Perehenic, Tania / Hughes, Valerie / Stevenson, Karen / Rees, Catherine E D

    Microbial biotechnology

    2019  Volume 13, Issue 3, Page(s) 738–746

    Abstract: Here, we describe the development of a method that exploits bacteriophage D29 as a lysis agent for efficient DNA extraction from low numbers of mycobacterial cells. This method ( ... ...

    Abstract Here, we describe the development of a method that exploits bacteriophage D29 as a lysis agent for efficient DNA extraction from low numbers of mycobacterial cells. This method (Actiphage
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bacteriophages/metabolism ; Cattle ; Cattle Diseases/diagnosis ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/veterinary ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/genetics ; Paratuberculosis/diagnosis ; Paratuberculosis/microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis ; Tuberculosis, Bovine/microbiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2406063-X
    ISSN 1751-7915 ; 1751-7915
    ISSN (online) 1751-7915
    ISSN 1751-7915
    DOI 10.1111/1751-7915.13518
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Interferon-γ Response of

    Köhler, Heike / Liebler-Tenorio, Elisabeth / Hughes, Valerie / Stevenson, Karen / Bakker, Douwe / Willemsen, Peter / Bay, Sylvie / Ganneau, Christelle / Biet, Franck / Vordermeier, H Martin

    Frontiers in veterinary science

    2021  Volume 8, Page(s) 645251

    Abstract: Despite its potential for early diagnosis ... ...

    Abstract Despite its potential for early diagnosis of
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2834243-4
    ISSN 2297-1769
    ISSN 2297-1769
    DOI 10.3389/fvets.2021.645251
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  8. Article: Gamma interferon responses to proteome-determined specific recombinant proteins in cattle experimentally- and naturally-infected with paratuberculosis

    Hughes, Valerie / Claire Barry / George Caldow / Jim McNair / Joyce McLuckie / Karen Stevenson / Mintu Nath / Samuel Strain

    Research in veterinary science. 2017 Oct., v. 114

    2017  

    Abstract: Johne's disease (JD), is a fatal enteritis of animals caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Diagnosis of subclinical JD is problematic as test sensitivity is limited. Th1 responses to Map are activated early, ... ...

    Abstract Johne's disease (JD), is a fatal enteritis of animals caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Diagnosis of subclinical JD is problematic as test sensitivity is limited. Th1 responses to Map are activated early, thus detection of a cell-mediated response, indicated by measuring interferon gamma (IFN-γ) stimulated by mycobacterial antigens, may give the first indication of sub-clinical infection.Crude extracts of Map (PPDJ) have been used to detect the cell-mediated response in infected cattle. More specific, quantifiable antigens may improve test specificity and reproducibility. Map-specific proteins, MAP_3651c and MAP_0268c, raised a cell-mediated immune response in sub-clinically infected sheep. Results presented in this manuscript demonstrate these proteins elicit a cell-mediated response in experimental and natural infections of cattle.Individual ranked IFN-γ responses of experimentally infected calves to PPDJ showed a high, statistically significant association with ranked responses of recombinant Map antigens. Responses of infected animals were higher than the control group. Threshold values determined using data from an experimental infection were applied to naturally infected animals. Some animals exhibited responses above these threshold values. Responses to MAP_3651c on a farm categorised as high-risk for JD showed strong evidence (P<0.001) that responses were significantly different to lower-risk farms. The IGRA test may prove to be an additional tool for the diagnosis of JD, and inclusion of specific antigens a refinement however, understanding and interpretation of IGRA results remain challenging and further investigation will be required to determine whether the IGRA test can detect exposure and hence predict clinical JD.
    Keywords bacterial antigens ; calves ; cell-mediated immunity ; enteritis ; farms ; interferon-gamma ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ; paratuberculosis ; recombinant proteins ; sheep
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-10
    Size p. 244-253.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 840961-4
    ISSN 1532-2661 ; 0034-5288
    ISSN (online) 1532-2661
    ISSN 0034-5288
    DOI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.04.018
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2292: Show issues

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  9. Article: German cockroach frass proteases cleave pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9.

    Hughes, Valerie S / Page, Kristen

    Experimental lung research

    2007  Volume 33, Issue 3-4, Page(s) 135–150

    Abstract: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, secreted as pro-MMP-9, is cleaved by serine proteases at the N-terminus to generate active MMP-9. Pro-MMP-9 has been found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma. Because many inhaled aeroallergens ... ...

    Abstract Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, secreted as pro-MMP-9, is cleaved by serine proteases at the N-terminus to generate active MMP-9. Pro-MMP-9 has been found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with asthma. Because many inhaled aeroallergens contain active proteases, the authors sought to determine whether German cockroach (GC) fecal remnants (frass) and house dust mite (HDM) were able to cleave pro-MMP-9. Treatment of recombinant human (rh) pro-MMP-9 with GC frass resulted in a dose- and time-dependent cleavage. This was abrogated by pretreating frass with an inhibitor of serine, but not cysteine protease activity. GC frass also induced cleavage of pro-MMP-9 from primary human neutrophils dependent on the active serine proteases in GC frass. HDM was less potent at cleaving pro-MMP-9. Alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT), a naturally occurring protease inhibitor, attenuated GC frass-induced cleavage of pro-MMP-9. A1AT partially inactivated the serine protease activity in GC frass, while GC frass cleaved A1AT in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These data suggest that GC frass-derived serine proteases could regulate the activity of MMP-9 and that A1AT may play an important role in modulating GC frass activity in vivo. These data suggest a mechanism by which inhalation of GC frass could regulate airway remodeling through the activation of pro-MMP-9.
    MeSH term(s) Allergens/metabolism ; Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides/metabolism ; Aprotinin/pharmacology ; Asthma/enzymology ; Asthma/immunology ; Cells, Cultured ; Cockroaches/enzymology ; Cockroaches/immunology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation/drug effects ; Enzyme Precursors/analysis ; Enzyme Precursors/metabolism ; Feces/enzymology ; Humans ; Insect Proteins/analysis ; Insect Proteins/immunology ; Insect Proteins/metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/analysis ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9/metabolism ; Neutrophils/enzymology ; Neutrophils/immunology ; Pyroglyphidae/enzymology ; Pyroglyphidae/immunology ; Recombinant Proteins/metabolism ; Serine Endopeptidases/analysis ; Serine Endopeptidases/immunology ; Serine Endopeptidases/metabolism ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/metabolism ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Time Factors ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/metabolism ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Allergens ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; Enzyme Precursors ; Insect Proteins ; Recombinant Proteins ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ; alpha 1-Antitrypsin ; Aprotinin (9087-70-1) ; Serine Endopeptidases (EC 3.4.21.-) ; pro-matrix metalloproteinase 9 (EC 3.4.24.-) ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (EC 3.4.24.35)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 603791-4
    ISSN 1521-0499 ; 0190-2148
    ISSN (online) 1521-0499
    ISSN 0190-2148
    DOI 10.1080/01902140701356561
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

    Full text online

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    Zs.A 1568: Show issues Location:
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  10. Article ; Online: Gamma interferon responses to proteome-determined specific recombinant proteins in cattle experimentally- and naturally-infected with paratuberculosis.

    Hughes, Valerie / McNair, Jim / Strain, Samuel / Barry, Claire / McLuckie, Joyce / Nath, Mintu / Caldow, George / Stevenson, Karen

    Research in veterinary science

    2017  Volume 114, Page(s) 244–253

    Abstract: Johne's disease (JD), is a fatal enteritis of animals caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Diagnosis of subclinical JD is problematic as test sensitivity is limited. Th1 responses to Map are activated early, ... ...

    Abstract Johne's disease (JD), is a fatal enteritis of animals caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Diagnosis of subclinical JD is problematic as test sensitivity is limited. Th1 responses to Map are activated early, thus detection of a cell-mediated response, indicated by measuring interferon gamma (IFN-γ) stimulated by mycobacterial antigens, may give the first indication of sub-clinical infection. Crude extracts of Map (PPDJ) have been used to detect the cell-mediated response in infected cattle. More specific, quantifiable antigens may improve test specificity and reproducibility. Map-specific proteins, MAP_3651c and MAP_0268c, raised a cell-mediated immune response in sub-clinically infected sheep. Results presented in this manuscript demonstrate these proteins elicit a cell-mediated response in experimental and natural infections of cattle. Individual ranked IFN-γ responses of experimentally infected calves to PPDJ showed a high, statistically significant association with ranked responses of recombinant Map antigens. Responses of infected animals were higher than the control group. Threshold values determined using data from an experimental infection were applied to naturally infected animals. Some animals exhibited responses above these threshold values. Responses to MAP_3651c on a farm categorised as high-risk for JD showed strong evidence (P<0.001) that responses were significantly different to lower-risk farms. The IGRA test may prove to be an additional tool for the diagnosis of JD, and inclusion of specific antigens a refinement however, understanding and interpretation of IGRA results remain challenging and further investigation will be required to determine whether the IGRA test can detect exposure and hence predict clinical JD.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 840961-4
    ISSN 1532-2661 ; 0034-5288
    ISSN (online) 1532-2661
    ISSN 0034-5288
    DOI 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.04.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 673: Show issues Location:
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