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  1. Article ; Online: Autistic and nonautistic adolescents do not differ in adaptation to gaze direction.

    Ward, Emma K / Buitelaar, Jan K / Hunnius, Sabine

    Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research

    2024  

    Abstract: Predictive processing accounts of autism posit that autistic individuals' perception is less biased by expectations than nonautistic individuals', perhaps through stronger precision-weighting of prediction errors. Since precision-weighting is fundamental ...

    Abstract Predictive processing accounts of autism posit that autistic individuals' perception is less biased by expectations than nonautistic individuals', perhaps through stronger precision-weighting of prediction errors. Since precision-weighting is fundamental to all information processing, under this theory, the differences between autistic and nonautistic individuals should be domain-general and observable in both behavior and brain responses. This study used EEG, behavioral responses, and eye-tracking co-registration during gaze-direction adaptation, to investigate whether increased precision-weighting of prediction errors is evident through smaller adaptation after-effects in autistic adolescents compared with nonautistic peers. Multilevel modeling showed that autistic and nonautistic adolescents' responses were consistent with behavioral adaptation, with Bayesian statistics providing extremely strong evidence for the absence of a group difference. Cluster-based permutation testing of ERP responses did not show the expected adaptation after-effect but did show habituation to repeated stimulus presentation, and no group difference was detected, a result not consistent with the theoretical account. Combined with the few other available studies, the current findings raise challenges for the theory, suggesting no fundamental difference in precision-weighting of prediction errors in autism.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2481338-2
    ISSN 1939-3806 ; 1939-3792
    ISSN (online) 1939-3806
    ISSN 1939-3792
    DOI 10.1002/aur.3118
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6785: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article ; Online: Curiosity and the dynamics of optimal exploration.

    Poli, Francesco / O'Reilly, Jill X / Mars, Rogier B / Hunnius, Sabine

    Trends in cognitive sciences

    2024  

    Abstract: What drives our curiosity remains an elusive and hotly debated issue, with multiple hypotheses proposed but a cohesive account yet to be established. This review discusses traditional and emergent theories that frame curiosity as a desire to know and a ... ...

    Abstract What drives our curiosity remains an elusive and hotly debated issue, with multiple hypotheses proposed but a cohesive account yet to be established. This review discusses traditional and emergent theories that frame curiosity as a desire to know and a drive to learn, respectively. We adopt a model-based approach that maps the temporal dynamics of various factors underlying curiosity-based exploration, such as uncertainty, information gain, and learning progress. In so doing, we identify the limitations of past theories and posit an integrated account that harnesses their strengths in describing curiosity as a tool for optimal environmental exploration. In our unified account, curiosity serves as a 'common currency' for exploration, which must be balanced with other drives such as safety and hunger to achieve efficient action.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2010989-1
    ISSN 1879-307X ; 1364-6613
    ISSN (online) 1879-307X
    ISSN 1364-6613
    DOI 10.1016/j.tics.2024.02.001
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  3. Article ; Online: Online reach correction in 6- and 11-month-old infants.

    Verhaar, Erik / Medendorp, W Pieter / Hunnius, Sabine / Stapel, Janny C

    Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 3, Page(s) 667–683

    Abstract: The current study investigated the development of online reach control. Six- and 11-month-old infants reached for a toy while their hand position was tracked. The toy either remained stationary (baseline trials) or unexpectedly displaced left- or ... ...

    Abstract The current study investigated the development of online reach control. Six- and 11-month-old infants reached for a toy while their hand position was tracked. The toy either remained stationary (baseline trials) or unexpectedly displaced left- or rightward during the reach (perturbation trials). To obtain a measure of online reach correction, we compared reaches in the perturbation trials to reaches in baseline trials using autoregression analysis. Infants of both age groups adjusted their reach trajectories in the direction of the displacement. Moreover, we divided the reaching movements into movement units, defined as the submovements of a reach between local minima in hand speed. Eleven-month-old infants adjusted their reach within the span of a single movement unit; corrections in 6-month-olds spanned multiple movement units. These results suggest that the reach control system has a rudimentary replanning capacity by 6 months of age, which, with age, further develops to a more sophisticated online control mechanism for ongoing reaches.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Infant ; Psychomotor Performance ; Movement
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2020049-3
    ISSN 1532-7078 ; 1525-0008
    ISSN (online) 1532-7078
    ISSN 1525-0008
    DOI 10.1111/infa.12524
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  4. Article ; Online: Predictive motor activation: Modulated by expectancy or predictability?

    Ghilardi, Tommaso / Meyer, Marlene / Hunnius, Sabine

    Cognition

    2022  Volume 231, Page(s) 105324

    Abstract: Predicting actions is a fundamental ability that helps us to comprehend what is happening in our environment and to interact with others. The motor system was previously identified as source of action predictions. Yet, which aspect of the statistical ... ...

    Abstract Predicting actions is a fundamental ability that helps us to comprehend what is happening in our environment and to interact with others. The motor system was previously identified as source of action predictions. Yet, which aspect of the statistical likelihood of upcoming actions the motor system is sensitive to remains an open question. This EEG study investigated how regularities in observed actions are reflected in the motor system and utilized to predict upcoming actions. Prior to measuring EEG, participants watched videos of action sequences with different transitional probabilities. After training, participants' brain activity over motor areas was measured using EEG while watching videos of action sequences with the same statistical structure. Focusing on the mu and beta frequency bands we tested whether activity of the motor system reflects the statistical likelihood of upcoming actions. We also explored two distinct aspects of the statistical structure that capture different prediction processes, expectancy and predictability. Expectancy describes participants' expectation of the most likely action, whereas predictability represents all possible actions and their relative probabilities. Results revealed that mu and beta oscillations play different roles during action prediction. While the mu rhythm reflected anticipatory activity without any link to the statistical structure, the beta rhythm was related to the expectancy of an action. Our findings support theories proposing that the motor system underlies action prediction, and they extend such theories by showing that multiple forms of statistical information are extracted when observing action sequences. This information is integrated in the prediction generated by the neural motor system of which action is going to happen next.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Probability ; Electroencephalography
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-17
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1499940-7
    ISSN 1873-7838 ; 0010-0277
    ISSN (online) 1873-7838
    ISSN 0010-0277
    DOI 10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105324
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  5. Article ; Online: Becoming better together: The early development of interpersonal coordination.

    Meyer, Marlene / Hunnius, Sabine

    Progress in brain research

    2020  Volume 254, Page(s) 187–204

    Abstract: Crucial for interacting successfully with other people is the ability to coordinate one's actions with those of others. Interpersonal coordination can be planned or emergent (spontaneous). Although typically easy for adults, coordinating successfully and ...

    Abstract Crucial for interacting successfully with other people is the ability to coordinate one's actions with those of others. Interpersonal coordination can be planned or emergent (spontaneous). Although typically easy for adults, coordinating successfully and smoothly with others may be far from trivial for infants and toddlers. What do we know about the developmental trajectory of interpersonal coordination in the first years of life? Which processes play a role in successfully coordinating with others? And how does the development of interpersonal coordination impact other aspects of children's development? In this chapter, we review when and how infants and young children develop successful interpersonal coordination skills (planned and emergent) in early childhood. We argue that insights from the field of cognitive (neuro-) science have significantly advanced our knowledge on which social-cognitive processes underlie interpersonal coordination and its development. In particular, we discuss four important social-cognitive processes; monitoring and predicting others' actions as well as planning and controlling one's own actions. We then present findings on the impact of interpersonal coordination on young children's social understanding, their prosocial behavior and affiliation. Together, we conclude that for future research on the development of interpersonal coordination interdisciplinary exchanges between fields like cognitive (neuro-) science and developmental science offer promising avenues.
    MeSH term(s) Child Development/physiology ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Social Behavior ; Social Cognition ; Social Interaction
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-16
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1875-7855 ; 0079-6123
    ISSN (online) 1875-7855
    ISSN 0079-6123
    DOI 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.06.012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Preface.

    Hunnius, Sabine / Meyer, Marlene

    Progress in brain research

    2020  Volume 254, Page(s) xv–xvi

    MeSH term(s) Child ; Child Development ; Humans ; Social Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-09
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial ; Introductory Journal Article
    ISSN 1875-7855 ; 0079-6123
    ISSN (online) 1875-7855
    ISSN 0079-6123
    DOI 10.1016/S0079-6123(20)30144-8
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  7. Article ; Online: Eight-Month-Old Infants Meta-Learn by Downweighting Irrelevant Evidence.

    Poli, Francesco / Ghilardi, Tommaso / Mars, Rogier B / Hinne, Max / Hunnius, Sabine

    Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science

    2023  Volume 7, Page(s) 141–155

    Abstract: Infants learn to navigate the complexity of the physical and social world at an outstanding pace, but how they accomplish this learning is still largely unknown. Recent advances in human and artificial intelligence research propose that a key feature to ... ...

    Abstract Infants learn to navigate the complexity of the physical and social world at an outstanding pace, but how they accomplish this learning is still largely unknown. Recent advances in human and artificial intelligence research propose that a key feature to achieving quick and efficient learning is meta-learning, the ability to make use of prior experiences to learn how to learn better in the future. Here we show that 8-month-old infants successfully engage in meta-learning within very short timespans after being exposed to a new learning environment. We developed a Bayesian model that captures how infants attribute informativity to incoming events, and how this process is optimized by the meta-parameters of their hierarchical models over the task structure. We fitted the model with infants' gaze behavior during a learning task. Our results reveal how infants actively use past experiences to generate new inductive biases that allow future learning to proceed faster.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-2986
    ISSN (online) 2470-2986
    DOI 10.1162/opmi_a_00079
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  8. Article ; Online: Differentiating between Bayesian parameter learning and structure learning based on behavioural and pupil measures.

    Rutar, Danaja / Colizoli, Olympia / Selen, Luc / Spieß, Lukas / Kwisthout, Johan / Hunnius, Sabine

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0270619

    Abstract: Within predictive processing two kinds of learning can be distinguished: parameter learning and structure learning. In Bayesian parameter learning, parameters under a specific generative model are continuously being updated in light of new evidence. ... ...

    Abstract Within predictive processing two kinds of learning can be distinguished: parameter learning and structure learning. In Bayesian parameter learning, parameters under a specific generative model are continuously being updated in light of new evidence. However, this learning mechanism cannot explain how new parameters are added to a model. Structure learning, unlike parameter learning, makes structural changes to a generative model by altering its causal connections or adding or removing parameters. Whilst these two types of learning have recently been formally differentiated, they have not been empirically distinguished. The aim of this research was to empirically differentiate between parameter learning and structure learning on the basis of how they affect pupil dilation. Participants took part in a within-subject computer-based learning experiment with two phases. In the first phase, participants had to learn the relationship between cues and target stimuli. In the second phase, they had to learn a conditional change in this relationship. Our results show that the learning dynamics were indeed qualitatively different between the two experimental phases, but in the opposite direction as we originally expected. Participants were learning more gradually in the second phase compared to the first phase. This might imply that participants built multiple models from scratch in the first phase (structure learning) before settling on one of these models. In the second phase, participants possibly just needed to update the probability distribution over the model parameters (parameter learning).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pupil ; Bayes Theorem ; Learning ; Cues ; Probability
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0270619
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  9. Article ; Online: Maximizing the potential of EEG as a developmental neuroscience tool.

    Buzzell, George A / Morales, Santiago / Valadez, Emilio A / Hunnius, Sabine / Fox, Nathan A

    Developmental cognitive neuroscience

    2023  Volume 60, Page(s) 101201

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Brain ; Electroencephalography ; Neurosciences
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-27
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2572271-2
    ISSN 1878-9307 ; 1878-9307
    ISSN (online) 1878-9307
    ISSN 1878-9307
    DOI 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101201
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  10. Article: Adults Do Not Distinguish Action Intentions Based on Movement Kinematics Presented in Naturalistic Settings.

    Rutkowska, Joanna M / Meyer, Marlene / Hunnius, Sabine

    Brain sciences

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 6

    Abstract: Predicting others' actions is an essential part of acting in the social world. Action kinematics have been proposed to be a cue about others' intentions. It is still an open question as to whether adults can use kinematic information in naturalistic ... ...

    Abstract Predicting others' actions is an essential part of acting in the social world. Action kinematics have been proposed to be a cue about others' intentions. It is still an open question as to whether adults can use kinematic information in naturalistic settings when presented as a part of a richer visual scene than previously examined. We investigated adults' intention perceptions from kinematics using naturalistic stimuli in two experiments. In experiment 1, thirty participants watched grasp-to-drink and grasp-to-place movements and identified the movement intention (to drink or to place), whilst their mouth-opening muscle activity was measured with electromyography (EMG) to examine participants' motor simulation of the observed actions. We found anecdotal evidence that participants could correctly identify the intentions from the action kinematics, although we found no evidence for increased activation of their mylohyoid muscle during the observation of grasp-to-drink compared to grasp-to-place actions. In pre-registered experiment 2, fifty participants completed the same task online. With the increased statistical power, we found strong evidence that participants were not able to discriminate intentions based on movement kinematics. Together, our findings suggest that the role of action kinematics in intention perception is more complex than previously assumed. Although previous research indicates that under certain circumstances observers can perceive and act upon intention-specific kinematic information, perceptual differences in everyday scenes or the observers' ability to use kinematic information in more naturalistic scenes seems limited.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2651993-8
    ISSN 2076-3425
    ISSN 2076-3425
    DOI 10.3390/brainsci11060821
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