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  1. Article ; Online: Observation on the ice crystal formation process of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) and the effect of multiple cryoprotectants pre-soaking treatments on frozen quality.

    Yang, Zhikang / Ye, Guosen / Yang, Dazhang / Xie, Jing / Huo, Yilin

    Cryobiology

    2023  Volume 113, Page(s) 104580

    Abstract: By observing the formation behavior of ice crystals, the quality of food products under different freezing conditions can be intuitively judged. In this paper, large yellow croaker was taken as the research object, and a novel cryomicroscopic system was ... ...

    Abstract By observing the formation behavior of ice crystals, the quality of food products under different freezing conditions can be intuitively judged. In this paper, large yellow croaker was taken as the research object, and a novel cryomicroscopic system was developed to directly observe the structure of ice crystals during the freezing process. The cryoprotective effects of 4% sucrose +4% sorbitol (SU + SO), 4% xylo-oligosaccharide (XO), 4% xylo-oligosaccharide + 0.3% tetrasodium pyrophosphate (XO + TSPP) and 0.2% antifreeze protein (AFP) at different freezing temperatures were investigated. And the evaluation indicators, such as cell deformation degree, equivalent diameters, roundness, elongation and fractal dimension were introduced to quantify the damage of ice crystals to muscle tissues and fibers. The results indicate that reducing the freezing temperature and adding cryoprotectants can improve the quality of large yellow croaker. AFP has the best cryoprotective effect, with a reduction in cell deformation degree of 54.78% and 67.83% compared to the Control group at -5 °C and -20 °C, respectively. SU + SO and XO have the equivalent antifreeze effect, which is slightly inferior to XO + TSPP. In addition, physical parameters of large yellow croaker samples were measured to verify the influence of ice crystal structure on product quality. Therefore, direct observation of the ice crystal formation process and evaluation of ice crystal structure can accurately reflect the quality of frozen products, which is of great significance for the development of refrigeration and preservation technology.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Freezing ; Cryoprotective Agents/pharmacology ; Cryoprotective Agents/chemistry ; Ice ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Cryopreservation/methods ; Perciformes ; Antifreeze Proteins/pharmacology ; Oligosaccharides/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Cryoprotective Agents ; Ice ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Antifreeze Proteins ; Oligosaccharides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80098-3
    ISSN 1090-2392 ; 0011-2240
    ISSN (online) 1090-2392
    ISSN 0011-2240
    DOI 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104580
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Recent advances on air heating system of cabin for pure electric vehicles: A review.

    Yang, Dazhang / Huo, Yilin / Zhang, Qing / Xie, Jing / Yang, Zhikang

    Heliyon

    2022  Volume 8, Issue 10, Page(s) e11032

    Abstract: Due to the environmental protection and energy shortage, the electric vehicles (EV) is gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles. EV generally use more energy for air conditioning system, especially EV have almost no waste heat from engine to be ... ...

    Abstract Due to the environmental protection and energy shortage, the electric vehicles (EV) is gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles. EV generally use more energy for air conditioning system, especially EV have almost no waste heat from engine to be discharged to the passenger compartment to achieve thermal comfort in heating condition. The energy consumption of the heating system for EV will decrease the maximum mileage. Therefore, the energy saving technology for heating system is developing and applied for EV. The article introduced the advance of conventional and emerging heating system for the EV. The positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater is a convenient heating method used in EV, but PTC heater has some defects such as low efficiency. The heat pump (HP) system is gradually replacing PTC. However, HP has various problems to be overcome, such as the heating capacity and efficiency in low temperature environment. In addition, other novel technologies are proposed to reduce the energy consumption. This article reviews the literature of novel heating methods for EV, introduces adsorption air conditioning systems (AAC), fuel combustion (FC), heat storage (HS), waste heat recovery (WHR), thermoelectric effect (TE) and magnetocaloric effect (ME). © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11032
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  3. Article ; Online: Recent advances on air heating system of cabin for pure electric vehicles: A review

    Yang, Dazhang / Huo, Yilin / Zhang, Qing / Xie, Jing / Yang, Zhikang

    Heliyon. 2022 Oct., v. 8, no. 10 p.e11032-

    2022  

    Abstract: Due to the environmental protection and energy shortage, the electric vehicles (EV) is gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles. EV generally use more energy for air conditioning system, especially EV have almost no waste heat from engine to be ... ...

    Abstract Due to the environmental protection and energy shortage, the electric vehicles (EV) is gradually replacing traditional fuel vehicles. EV generally use more energy for air conditioning system, especially EV have almost no waste heat from engine to be discharged to the passenger compartment to achieve thermal comfort in heating condition. The energy consumption of the heating system for EV will decrease the maximum mileage. Therefore, the energy saving technology for heating system is developing and applied for EV. The article introduced the advance of conventional and emerging heating system for the EV. The positive temperature coefficient (PTC) heater is a convenient heating method used in EV, but PTC heater has some defects such as low efficiency. The heat pump (HP) system is gradually replacing PTC. However, HP has various problems to be overcome, such as the heating capacity and efficiency in low temperature environment. In addition, other novel technologies are proposed to reduce the energy consumption. This article reviews the literature of novel heating methods for EV, introduces adsorption air conditioning systems (AAC), fuel combustion (FC), heat storage (HS), waste heat recovery (WHR), thermoelectric effect (TE) and magnetocaloric effect (ME). © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
    Keywords adsorption ; air ; energy ; environmental protection ; fuel combustion ; fuels ; heat pumps ; temperature ; waste heat recovery ; Electric vehicle ; Heating system ; Magnetocaloric ; Thermoelectric
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-10
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Use and reproduction
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11032
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  4. Article ; Online: Neuroprotective potential of phytochemicals isolated from Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’ stamen

    Peng, Xiao-Na / Zhou, Yang / Liu, Yan-Xiang / Huo, Yi-Lin / Ren, Jie-Yi / Bai, Zhang-Zhen / Zhang, Yan-Long / Tang, Jiang-Jiang

    Industrial Crops & Products. 2023 Sept., v. 200 p.116808-

    2023  

    Abstract: Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’, traditionally known as an important medicinal and ornamental plant, is an emerging oilseed crop widely cultivated in China. As a byproduct, its stamens showed promising anti-neuroinflammation potential in our previous study. In ... ...

    Abstract Paeonia ostii ‘Feng Dan’, traditionally known as an important medicinal and ornamental plant, is an emerging oilseed crop widely cultivated in China. As a byproduct, its stamens showed promising anti-neuroinflammation potential in our previous study. In this work, an in-depth phytochemical investigation was firstly conducted through comprehensive spectra to elucidate the neuroprotective components. Two new compounds (+)-oxylactiflorin (1), (+)-3′′-methoxy-oxylactiflorin (2), and twenty-two known compounds were isolated and identified. In lipopolysaccharides-induced BV-2 cells, compound 2 exhibited excellent inhibitory property in inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production with the lowest EC₅₀ value of 3.02 ± 1.60 µM among all tested compounds. Western blotting and molecular docking results demonstrated the feasible mechanism that 2 exerted anti-inflammatory activity mainly by binding with the key protein cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Additionally, compound 2 showed potent protective effects on the oxidative damages of H₂O₂ or 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated PC12 cells. This work provides a theoretical basis of P. ostii stamens for developing into a promising functional tea or neuroprotective drug.
    Keywords Paeonia ostii ; anti-inflammatory activity ; byproducts ; drugs ; neuroprotective effect ; nitric oxide ; oilseed crops ; ornamental plants ; phytochemicals ; prostaglandin synthase ; tea ; China ; Paeonia ostii stamen ; Anti-neuroinflammation ; Cyclooxygenase-2 ; Neuroprotection
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 1132158-1
    ISSN 1872-633X ; 0926-6690
    ISSN (online) 1872-633X
    ISSN 0926-6690
    DOI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116808
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  5. Article ; Online: Differing effects of rapamycin and mTOR kinase inhibitors on protein synthesis.

    Huo, Yilin / Iadevaia, Valentina / Proud, Christopher G

    Biochemical Society transactions

    2011  Volume 39, Issue 2, Page(s) 446–450

    Abstract: mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) forms two distinct types of complex, mTORC (mTOR complex) 1 and 2. Rapamycin inhibits some of the functions of mTORC1, whereas newly developed mTOR kinase inhibitors interfere with the actions of both types of complex. ...

    Abstract mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) forms two distinct types of complex, mTORC (mTOR complex) 1 and 2. Rapamycin inhibits some of the functions of mTORC1, whereas newly developed mTOR kinase inhibitors interfere with the actions of both types of complex. We have explored the effects of rapamycin and mTOR kinase inhibitors on general protein synthesis and, using a new stable isotope-labelling method, the synthesis of specific proteins. In HeLa cells, rapamycin only had a modest effect on total protein synthesis, whereas mTOR kinase inhibitors decreased protein synthesis by approx. 30%. This does not seem to be due to the ability of mTOR kinase inhibitors to block the binding of eIFs (eukaryotic initiation factors) eIF4G and eIF4E. Analysis of the effects of the inhibitors on the synthesis of specific proteins showed a spectrum of behaviours. As expected, synthesis of proteins encoded by mRNAs that contain a 5'-TOP (5'-terminal oligopyrimidine tract) was impaired by rapamycin, but more strongly by mTOR kinase inhibition. Several proteins not known to be encoded by 5'-TOP mRNAs also showed similar behaviour. Synthesis of proteins encoded by 'non-TOP' mRNAs was less inhibited by mTOR kinase inhibitors and especially by rapamycin. The implications of our findings are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Isotope Labeling/methods ; Models, Biological ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Protein Biosynthesis/genetics ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
    Chemical Substances Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; MTOR protein, human (EC 2.7.1.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.1.1) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 184237-7
    ISSN 1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
    ISSN (online) 1470-8752
    ISSN 0300-5127
    DOI 10.1042/BST0390446
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  6. Article ; Online: Roles of the mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR, in controlling ribosome biogenesis and protein synthesis.

    Iadevaia, Valentina / Huo, Yilin / Zhang, Ze / Foster, Leonard J / Proud, Christopher G

    Biochemical Society transactions

    2012  Volume 40, Issue 1, Page(s) 168–172

    Abstract: mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) is controlled by diverse signals (e.g. hormones, growth factors, nutrients and cellular energy status) and regulates a range of processes including anabolic metabolism, cell growth and cell division. We ... ...

    Abstract mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) is controlled by diverse signals (e.g. hormones, growth factors, nutrients and cellular energy status) and regulates a range of processes including anabolic metabolism, cell growth and cell division. We have studied the impact of inhibiting mTOR on protein synthesis in human cells. Partial inhibition of mTORC1 by rapamycin has only a limited impact on protein synthesis, but inhibiting mTOR kinase activity causes much greater inhibition of protein synthesis. Using a pulsed stable-isotope-labelling technique, we show that the rapamycin and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) kinase inhibitors have differential effects on the synthesis of specific proteins. In particular, the synthesis of proteins encoded by mRNAs that have a 5'-terminal pyrimidine tract is strongly inhibited by mTOR kinase inhibitors. Many of these mRNAs encode ribosomal proteins. mTORC1 also promotes the synthesis of rRNA, although the mechanisms involved remain to be clarified. We found that mTORC1 also regulates the processing of the precursors of rRNA. mTORC1 thus co-ordinates several steps in ribosome biogenesis.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Humans ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Proteins/metabolism ; Ribosomes/genetics ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/physiology ; Transcription Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances CRTC2 protein, human ; Multiprotein Complexes ; Proteins ; Transcription Factors ; Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (EC 2.7.11.1) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 184237-7
    ISSN 1470-8752 ; 0300-5127
    ISSN (online) 1470-8752
    ISSN 0300-5127
    DOI 10.1042/BST20110682
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  7. Article ; Online: 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase-activating transcription factor 1 cascade modulates human monocyte-derived macrophages to atheroprotective functions in response to heme or metformin.

    Wan, Xinyi / Huo, Yilin / Johns, Michael / Piper, Emma / Mason, Justin C / Carling, David / Haskard, Dorian O / Boyle, Joseph J

    Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology

    2013  Volume 33, Issue 11, Page(s) 2470–2480

    Abstract: Objective: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is an important driver of the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Recently, we characterized Mhem as a novel macrophage phenotype that limits the atherogenicity of IPH. Mhem are directed by activating ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) is an important driver of the progression of atherosclerotic plaques. Recently, we characterized Mhem as a novel macrophage phenotype that limits the atherogenicity of IPH. Mhem are directed by activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1), which is activated by phosphorylation. A better understanding of the counteratherogenic ATF1-Mhem pathway may facilitate antiatherosclerotic therapies.
    Approach and results: We tested the hypothesis that heme in pathologically relevant concentrations activates the ATF1-Mhem pathway via 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages and mouse bone marrow macrophages. We found that heme (10 μmol/L) activates AMPK, and downstream ATF1-mediated coinduction of heme oxygenase and liver X receptor that characterize Mhem. Heme increased macrophage phospho-AMPK, phospho-ATF1, and its target genes, and these effects were inhibited by the AMPK antagonist dorsomorphin, or by AMPK-knockdown with small inhibitory ribonucleic acid. The AMPK-activating oral hypoglycemic agent metformin also induced and phosphorylated ATF1 at a clinically relevant concentration (10 μmol/L). Functional effects of heme and metformin were inhibited by AMPK-knockdown and included suppression of macrophage oxidative stress; increased cholesterol export; protection from foam-cell formation; and suppression of macrophage inflammatory activation (human leukocyte antigen type DR expression).
    Conclusions: Our data indicate that heme activates the ATF1 pathway in human macrophages via AMPK, and that a similar response occurs after treatment of cells with metformin. Our results suggest an in vitro mechanism that may explain the clinical evidence that metformin has vascular protective effects beyond its role in treating hyperglycemia.
    MeSH term(s) AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/genetics ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism ; Activating Transcription Factor 1/genetics ; Activating Transcription Factor 1/metabolism ; Atherosclerosis/metabolism ; Heme/pharmacology ; Heme Oxygenase-1/genetics ; Heme Oxygenase-1/metabolism ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology ; Liver X Receptors ; Macrophages/cytology ; Macrophages/drug effects ; Macrophages/metabolism ; Metformin/pharmacology ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors/genetics ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress/drug effects ; Oxidative Stress/physiology ; Primary Cell Culture ; RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology ; Signal Transduction/drug effects ; Signal Transduction/physiology
    Chemical Substances ATF1 protein, human ; Activating Transcription Factor 1 ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Liver X Receptors ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Heme (42VZT0U6YR) ; Metformin (9100L32L2N) ; Heme Oxygenase-1 (EC 1.14.14.18) ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases (EC 2.7.11.31)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-09-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1221433-4
    ISSN 1524-4636 ; 1079-5642
    ISSN (online) 1524-4636
    ISSN 1079-5642
    DOI 10.1161/ATVBAHA.113.300986
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  8. Article ; Online: Stable isotope-labelling analysis of the impact of inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin on protein synthesis.

    Huo, Yilin / Iadevaia, Valentina / Yao, Zhong / Kelly, Isabelle / Cosulich, Sabina / Guichard, Sylvie / Foster, Leonard J / Proud, Christopher G

    The Biochemical journal

    2012  Volume 444, Issue 1, Page(s) 141–151

    Abstract: mTORC1 [mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) complex 1] regulates diverse cell functions. mTORC1 controls the phosphorylation of several proteins involved in mRNA translation and the translation of specific mRNAs, including those containing a 5'-TOP (5'- ... ...

    Abstract mTORC1 [mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) complex 1] regulates diverse cell functions. mTORC1 controls the phosphorylation of several proteins involved in mRNA translation and the translation of specific mRNAs, including those containing a 5'-TOP (5'-terminal oligopyrimidine). To date, most of the proteins encoded by known 5'-TOP mRNAs are proteins involved in mRNA translation, such as ribosomal proteins and elongation factors. Rapamycin inhibits some mTORC1 functions, whereas mTOR-KIs (mTOR kinase inhibitors) interfere with all of them. mTOR-KIs inhibit overall protein synthesis more strongly than rapamycin. To study the effects of rapamycin or mTOR-KIs on synthesis of specific proteins, we applied pSILAC [pulsed SILAC (stable isotope-labelling with amino acids in cell culture)]. Our results reveal, first, that mTOR-KIs and rapamycin differentially affect the synthesis of many proteins. Secondly, mTOR-KIs inhibit the synthesis of proteins encoded by 5'-TOP mRNAs much more strongly than rapamycin does, revealing that these mRNAs are controlled by rapamycin-insensitive outputs from mTOR. Thirdly, the synthesis of certain other proteins shows a similar pattern of inhibition. Some of them appear to be encoded by 'novel' 5'-TOP mRNAs; they include proteins which, like known 5'-TOP mRNA-encoded proteins, are involved in protein synthesis, whereas others are enzymes involved in intermediary or anabolic metabolism. These results indicate that mTOR signalling may promote diverse biosynthetic processes through the translational up-regulation of specific mRNAs. Lastly, a SILAC-based approach revealed that, although rapamycin and mTOR-KIs have little effect on general protein stability, they stabilize proteins encoded by 5'-TOP mRNAs.
    MeSH term(s) Carbon Isotopes ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E/metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Indoles/pharmacology ; Isotope Labeling ; Morpholines/pharmacology ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Protein Biosynthesis/drug effects ; Protein Biosynthesis/genetics ; Purines/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Ribosomes/metabolism ; Sirolimus/pharmacology ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
    Chemical Substances Carbon Isotopes ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E ; Indoles ; Morpholines ; Nitrogen Isotopes ; Purines ; RNA, Messenger ; (5-(2,4-bis((3S)-3-methylmorpholin-4-yl)pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidin-7-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl)methanol (970JJ37FPW) ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.1.1) ; PP242 (H5669VNZ7V) ; Sirolimus (W36ZG6FT64)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-03-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2969-5
    ISSN 1470-8728 ; 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    ISSN (online) 1470-8728
    ISSN 0006-2936 ; 0306-3275 ; 0264-6021
    DOI 10.1042/BJ20112107
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