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Article ; Online: Systematic review of survival following liver or lung metastasectomy for metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Hurt, L / Barlow, E / Davies, M / Harris, D A / Barrington, C / Harries, R L

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) carries a poor prognosis and the evidence base for surgical resection of metastases remains limited. The aim of this study was to establish the survival outcomes for patients undergoing ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) carries a poor prognosis and the evidence base for surgical resection of metastases remains limited. The aim of this study was to establish the survival outcomes for patients undergoing metastasectomy for anal SCC. Methods: A systematic review was performed using the MEDLINE Results: There were 10 studies with a total of 98 patients. There was heterogeneity in results reporting, with recurrence free survival the most reported outcome. For all studies reporting on liver metastasectomy, the one-year overall survival rate was 87%. In studies with adequate follow-up reported, the three and five-year overall survival rates were 53% and 38% respectively. Only one study reported on lung metastasectomy patients; the overall median survival was 24 months. None of the studies reported on quality of life measures. The ROBINS-I tool identified a critical risk of bias in six studies, a serious risk in one study and a moderate risk in three studies. Conclusions: The evidence base for metastasectomy in metastatic anal SCC is limited. Further information is required to inform future treatment methods and use of a standardised outcomes reporting method is needed to support this.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2023.0005
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Article ; Online: Echogenic intracardiac foci detection and location in the second-trimester ultrasound and association with fetal outcomes: A systematic literature review.

Jones, Hope Eleri / Battaglia, Serica / Hurt, Lisa / Uzun, Orhan / Brophy, Sinead

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 4, Page(s) e0298365

Abstract: Background: Echogenic Intracardiac Foci (EIF) are non-structural markers identified during the routine 18-20-week foetal anomaly ultrasound scan yet their clinical significance on future outcomes for the infant is unclear.: Objective: To examine the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Echogenic Intracardiac Foci (EIF) are non-structural markers identified during the routine 18-20-week foetal anomaly ultrasound scan yet their clinical significance on future outcomes for the infant is unclear. Objective: To examine the association between EIF and risk of preterm birth, chromosomal abnormalities, and cardiac abnormalities. Design: A review across four databases to identify English language journal articles of EIF using a cohort study design. All studies were reviewed for quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist and data extracted for comparison and analysis. Results: 19 papers from 9 different countries were included. Combining these studies showed 4.6% (95% CI = 4.55-4.65%) of all pregnancies had EIF which was on the left in 86% of cases, on the right in 3% of cases and bilaterally in 10%. There was no evidence that EIF was associated with higher rates of preterm birth. However, it is possible that infants with EIF were more likely to be terminated rather than be born preterm as there was a 2.1% (range 0.3-4.2%) rate of termination or death of the foetus after week 20 among those with EIF. There was no evidence that EIF alone is highly predictive of chromosomal abnormalities. There was evidence that EIF is associated with higher rates of minor cardiac abnormalities (e.g. ventricular septal defect, tricuspid regurgitation or mitral regurgitation)) with 5.1% (224 of 4385) of those with EIF showing cardiac abnormalities (3.08% in retrospective studies and 17.85% in prospective studies). However, the risk of cardiac defects was only higher with right-sided EIF and where the EIF persisted into the third trimester. However, this is a rare event and would be seen in an estimated 4 per 10,000 pregnancies. Conclusion: EIF alone was not associated with adverse outcomes for the infant. Only persistent EIF on the right side showed evidence of carrying a higher risk of cardiac abnormality and would warrant further follow-up.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnostic imaging ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Premature Birth ; Chromosome Aberrations
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review ; Review
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0298365
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Article ; Online: Isolated choroid plexus cysts and health and developmental outcomes in childhood and adolescence - A systematic review.

Singal, Kusum / Adamczyk, Krzysztof / Hurt, Lisa / Woolner, Andrea / Paranjothy, Shantini

European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology

2023 Volume 290, Page(s) 115–122

Abstract: Objectives: Choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) are incidental findings on ultrasound examination of the fetal brain. It is not known if isolated CPCs are associated with any adverse health or neurodevelopmental outcomes during the life course. This systematic ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Choroid plexus cysts (CPCs) are incidental findings on ultrasound examination of the fetal brain. It is not known if isolated CPCs are associated with any adverse health or neurodevelopmental outcomes during the life course. This systematic review aimed to collate and synthesize the evidence on whether or not isolated choroid plexus cysts are associated with an increased risk of adverse health or developmental outcomes during childhood and adolescence. Methods: A search strategy was developed specifically for this study and applied to four electronic databases Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies were assessed and selected for inclusion if there was a measurement of CPC (including single or multiple; unilateral or bilateral; isolated or presenting alongside other markers) during the antenatal or early neonatal period (<7 days) with follow-up of children and adolescents for health and developmental outcomes measured at any time from age 1 month onwards. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Due to heterogeneity in the types of outcome measures included and the timing of measurement of outcomes across the studies, it was not possible to pool data across studies and a narrative description of findings was presented. Results: Eight studies (three cohorts and five case series) met the inclusion criteria. Different methods were used for outcome assessment, such as in-person assessment, parent questionnaires, medical records, and telephone interviews with parents. Six studies measured outcomes only once during the specified duration of follow-up; two studies carried out paediatric reviews of the children several times during follow-up. There were no differences in developmental outcomes or physical health between babies with CPCs reported in the three cohort studies, and no abnormalities were detected in the children that were followed up in four of the five case series studies. Most of the included studies were graded as low quality due to the small sample size, high risk of selection bias, unclear definitions of CPC or lack of a comparison group. Conclusions: The studies conducted to date do not provide evidence of adverse physical health outcomes or neurodevelopmental delays in babies with CPCs. However, most of these studies were small and included a narrow range of outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the relative incidence of outcomes such as ASD, ADHD, epilepsy and educational attainment in children with CPCs.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Adolescent ; Pregnancy ; Choroid Plexus/diagnostic imaging ; Cohort Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Parents ; Cysts
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-16
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	190605-7
ISSN	1872-7654 ; 0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
ISSN (online)	1872-7654
ISSN	0301-2115 ; 0028-2243
DOI	10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.09.013
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Article ; Online: Post-deployment screening and referral for risky alcohol use and subsequent alcohol-related and injury diagnoses, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2008-2014.

Hurt, Lee

MSMR

2015 Volume 22, Issue 7, Page(s) 7–13

Abstract: Risky alcohol use among service members is a threat to both military readiness and the health of service members. This report describes an analysis using the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) to identify all active component service members who ... ...

Abstract	Risky alcohol use among service members is a threat to both military readiness and the health of service members. This report describes an analysis using the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) to identify all active component service members who returned from deployment and completed the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C) alcohol use screen as part of the Post Deployment Health Assessment (PDHA) and Post Deployment Health Reassessment (PDHRA) during 2008-2014. This analysis identified that 3.4% of PDHA forms and 4.8% of PDHRA forms completed indicated severe risk for alcohol abuse, defined as an AUDIT-C score of 8 or higher. Among those at severe risk on the PDHRA who were not already under care for alcohol abuse, only 37.7% received a referral for treatment: 21.7% to primary care, 13.4% to behavioral health in primary care, 7.5% to mental health specialty care, and 5.6% to a substance abuse program. Referrals for treatment for those at severe risk were lower than their respective counterparts among males, white non-Hispanics, members of the Air Force, junior officers, and pilots/air crew. There were significant trends of increasing frequencies of subsequent injury and alcohol-related conditions as alcohol use levels increased.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Alcoholism/diagnosis ; Continental Population Groups ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Assessment ; Sex Distribution ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States/epidemiology ; Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2623409-9
ISSN	2152-8217 ; 2158-0111
ISSN (online)	2152-8217
ISSN	2158-0111
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Article ; Online: Glaucoma, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 1998-2013.

Hurt, Lee

MSMR

2014 Volume 21, Issue 12, Page(s) 17–23

Abstract: Glaucoma is an eye disease that involves progressive optic nerve damage and vision loss, leading to blindness if undetected or untreated. This report describes an analysis using the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) to identify all active ... ...

Abstract	Glaucoma is an eye disease that involves progressive optic nerve damage and vision loss, leading to blindness if undetected or untreated. This report describes an analysis using the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) to identify all active component service members with an incident diagnosis of glaucoma during 1998-2013. The analysis identified 117,075 incident cases of glaucoma and an overall incidence rate of 5.3 per 1,000 person-years (p-yrs). The majority of cases (94.5%) were diagnosed at an early stage as borderline glaucoma. Over the study period, 5.9% of incident case service members were eventually diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. There were 26 cases of absolute glaucoma, or total blindness. Rates of glaucoma were higher among black, non-Hispanic (8.8 per 1,000 p-yrs), Asian (6.6), and Hispanic (5.4) service members, compared with white, non-Hispanic (4.2) service members. Rates among female service members (6.0 per 1,000 p-yrs) were higher than those among male service members (5.1). Between 1998 and 2013, incidence rates of glaucoma declined by 48% among service members older than 44 years of age, while rates increased slightly among service members younger than 30 years of age.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Age Distribution ; Age Factors ; Female ; Glaucoma/diagnosis ; Glaucoma/epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel/statistics & numerical data ; Population Surveillance ; Risk Factors ; Sex Distribution ; United States/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2623409-9
ISSN	2152-8217 ; 2158-0111
ISSN (online)	2152-8217
ISSN	2158-0111
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Article ; Online: Hospital admissions in infants with Down syndrome: a record-linked population-based cohort study in Wales.

Esperanza, R A / Evans, A / Tucker, D / Paranjothy, S / Hurt, L

Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR

2021 Volume 66, Issue 3, Page(s) 225–239

Abstract: Background: Despite recent advances, mortality in children with Down syndrome remains five times higher than in the general population. This study aims to describe the burden, patterns and causes of hospital admissions in infants with Down syndrome, and ...

Abstract	Background: Despite recent advances, mortality in children with Down syndrome remains five times higher than in the general population. This study aims to describe the burden, patterns and causes of hospital admissions in infants with Down syndrome, and compare this with infants without Down syndrome in a population-based cohort. Methods: This study used data from the Wales Electronic Cohort for Children, a cohort of all children born in Wales between 1990 and 2012. The cohort was generated from routine administrative data, linked to create an anonymised data set within the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage databank. This analysis is based on all infants born between January 2003 and January 2012 who were followed to their first birthday, a move out of Wales, death, or until 31 October 2012 (end of follow-up). Infants with Down syndrome were identified using the Congenital Anomaly Register and Information Service in Wales. Multivariable Cox regression was used to compare the time to first hospital admission. Admission codes were used to identify the commonest indications for hospitalisation and to determine the presence of other congenital anomalies. Results: We included 324 060 children, 356 of whom had Down syndrome. Of infants with Down syndrome, 80.3% had at least one hospital inpatient admission during the first year of life, compared with 32.9% of infants without Down syndrome. These first admissions were earlier [median of 6 days interquartile range (IQR) (3, 72) compared with 45 days [IQR 6, 166)] and longer [median of 4 days (IQR 1, 15) compared with 1 day (IQR 0, 3)] than in infants without Down syndrome. The most common causes of admissions were congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases, conditions originating in the perinatal period and infectious diseases. The presence of other congenital abnormalities increased hospitalisations in all infants, but more so in infants with Down syndrome who spent a median of 21 days in hospital (IQR 11, 47) during their first year of life. Conclusion: Infants with Down syndrome are at high risk for early, more frequent and longer hospital admissions. Congenital heart disease and respiratory infections remain a major burden in this population. More research is needed to understand how to better manage these conditions particularly in the first month of life when most admissions occur.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Cohort Studies ; Down Syndrome/epidemiology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Infant ; Pregnancy ; Wales/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1103832-9
ISSN	1365-2788 ; 0964-2633
ISSN (online)	1365-2788
ISSN	0964-2633
DOI	10.1111/jir.12903
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Article ; Online: An epidemiological investigation of COVID-19 outbreaks in a group of care homes in Wales, UK: a retrospective cohort study.

Williams, O / Williams, C / Turner, D / Bull, M / Watkins, J / Hurt, L

Journal of public health (Oxford, England)

2021 Volume 44, Issue 3, Page(s) 606–613

Abstract: Background: This study describes the epidemiology of COVID-19 outbreaks in four care homes in terms of spread, severity, presentation and interventions.: Methods: Participants were 100 residents and 102 staff from four co-located care homes in Wales. ...

Abstract	Background: This study describes the epidemiology of COVID-19 outbreaks in four care homes in terms of spread, severity, presentation and interventions. Methods: Participants were 100 residents and 102 staff from four co-located care homes in Wales. Data were collected from the homes and Public Health Wales, including demographics, presentations, test status and results, hospital admissions and deaths. Genomic sequencing of confirmed case samples was completed, where possible. Epi-curves, crude attack rates, a Kaplan-Meier survival curve and adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using R. Results: About 14 confirmed and 43 possible resident cases, 23 confirmed and 47 possible staff cases occurred. Crude attack rates of possible and confirmed cases were 57% (residents) and 69% (staff). Genomic sequencing for 10 confirmed case PCR samples identified at least 5 different UK lineages of COVID-19.42 (42%) residents died, 23 (55%) with COVID-19 or suspected COVID-19 recorded on the death certificate. The hazard ratio for death amongst resident possible and confirmed cases compared to null cases, adjusting for age and sex, was 13.26 (95% CI 5.61-31.34). Conclusions: There were extensive outbreaks of COVID-19 in these homes with high crude attack rates and deaths. Universal testing and early isolation of residents are recommended.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Nursing Homes ; Retrospective Studies ; Wales/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2142082-8
ISSN	1741-3850 ; 1741-3842
ISSN (online)	1741-3850
ISSN	1741-3842
DOI	10.1093/pubmed/fdab150
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Article ; Online: Where have all the appendicectomies gone?

Mowbray, N G / Hurt, L / Powell-Chandler, A / Reeves, N / Chandler, S / Walters, E / Cornish, J

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England

2021 Volume 103, Issue 4, Page(s) 250–254

Abstract: Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic stimulated a national lockdown in the UK. The public were advised to avoid unnecessary hospital attendances and health professionals were advised to avoid aerosol-generating procedures wherever possible. The authors ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic stimulated a national lockdown in the UK. The public were advised to avoid unnecessary hospital attendances and health professionals were advised to avoid aerosol-generating procedures wherever possible. The authors hypothesised that these measures would result in a reduction in the number of patients presenting to hospital with acute appendicitis and alter treatment choices. Methods: A multicentred, prospective observational study was undertaken during April 2020 to identify adults treated for acute appendicitis. Searches of operative and radiological records were performed to identify patients treated during April 2018 and April 2019 for comparison. Results: A total of 190 patients were treated for acute appendicitis pre-lockdown compared with 64 patients treated during lockdown. Patients treated during the pandemic were more likely to have a higher American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) score ( Conclusions: The COVID-19 lockdown was associated with a decreased incidence of acute appendicitis and a significant shift in the management approach. The increased use of CT allows the identification of simple appendicitis for conservative treatment and decreases the negative appendicectomy rate.
MeSH term(s)	Acute Disease ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Appendectomy/methods ; Appendectomy/trends ; Appendicitis/diagnosis ; Appendicitis/drug therapy ; Appendicitis/epidemiology ; Appendicitis/surgery ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Conservative Treatment/methods ; Conservative Treatment/trends ; Delayed Diagnosis/trends ; Female ; Health Services Accessibility/trends ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care/statistics & numerical data ; Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trends ; Prospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; United Kingdom/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study ; Observational Study
ZDB-ID	80044-2
ISSN	1478-7083 ; 0035-8843
ISSN (online)	1478-7083
ISSN	0035-8843
DOI	10.1308/rcsann.2020.7128
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Article ; Online: Infection History and Current Coinfection With Schistosoma mansoni Decreases Plasmodium Species Intensities in Preschool Children in Uganda.

McDowell, Daniel / Hurt, Lisa / Kabatereine, Narcis B / Stothard, John Russell / Lello, Joanne

The Journal of infectious diseases

2022 Volume 225, Issue 12, Page(s) 2181–2186

Abstract: Malaria-schistosomiasis coinfections are common in sub-Saharan Africa but studies present equivocal results regarding the interspecific relationships between these parasites. Through mixed-model analyses of a dataset of Ugandan preschool children, we ... ...

Abstract	Malaria-schistosomiasis coinfections are common in sub-Saharan Africa but studies present equivocal results regarding the interspecific relationships between these parasites. Through mixed-model analyses of a dataset of Ugandan preschool children, we explore how current coinfection and prior infection with either Schistosoma mansoni or Plasmodium species alter subsequent Plasmodium intensity, Plasmodium risk, and S mansoni risk. Coinfection and prior infections with S mansoni were associated with reduced Plasmodium intensity, moderated by prior Plasmodium infections, wealth, and host age. Future work should assess whether these interactions impact host health and parasite control efficacy in this vulnerable age group.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Child, Preschool ; Coinfection/complications ; Humans ; Malaria/parasitology ; Plasmodium ; Schistosoma haematobium ; Schistosoma mansoni ; Schistosomiasis mansoni/complications ; Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology ; Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology ; Uganda/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3019-3
ISSN	1537-6613 ; 0022-1899
ISSN (online)	1537-6613
ISSN	0022-1899
DOI	10.1093/infdis/jiac072
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Article ; Online: The causal web of foetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a review and causal diagram.

McQuire, Cheryl / Daniel, R / Hurt, L / Kemp, A / Paranjothy, S

European child & adolescent psychiatry

2019 Volume 29, Issue 5, Page(s) 575–594

Abstract: Foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a leading cause of developmental disability. Prenatal alcohol use is the sole necessary cause of FASD, but it is not always sufficient. Multiple factors influence a child's susceptibility to FASD following ... ...

Abstract	Foetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a leading cause of developmental disability. Prenatal alcohol use is the sole necessary cause of FASD, but it is not always sufficient. Multiple factors influence a child's susceptibility to FASD following prenatal alcohol exposure. Much of the FASD risk factor literature has been limited to discussions of association, rather than causation. While knowledge of predictor variables is important for identifying who is most at risk of FASD and for targeting interventions, causal knowledge is important for identifying effective mechanisms for prevention and intervention programmes. We conducted a systematic search and narrative synthesis of the evidence and used this to create a causal diagram (directed acyclic graph; DAG) to describe the causal pathways to FASD. Our results show that the aetiology of FASD is multifaceted and complex. FASD risk is determined by a range of lifestyle, sociodemographic, maternal, social, gestational, and genetic factors. The causal diagram that we present in this review provides a comprehensive summary of causal risk factors for FASD and can be used as a tool to inform data collection and statistical modelling strategies to minimise bias in future studies of FASD.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Female ; Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/diagnosis
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-16
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1118299-4
ISSN	1435-165X ; 1018-8827 ; 1433-5719
ISSN (online)	1435-165X
ISSN	1018-8827 ; 1433-5719
DOI	10.1007/s00787-018-1264-3
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