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  1. Article: Effects of alternate dissection on anatomy learning.

    Kim, Do-Hwan / Shin, Dong Hoon / Hwang, Young-Il

    Anatomy & cell biology

    2019  Volume 52, Issue 1, Page(s) 69–75

    Abstract: To address the problems associated with crowding in dissection laboratory, especially for dissections of the head and neck region, we adopted an alternate dissection strategy and explored its effects on student learning, and student perceptions of the ... ...

    Abstract To address the problems associated with crowding in dissection laboratory, especially for dissections of the head and neck region, we adopted an alternate dissection strategy and explored its effects on student learning, and student perceptions of the approach. The alternate dissection approach was first introduced at our institution for dissection of the head and neck region in 2014, and was expanded to encompass the extremities in 2016. A survey on student perceptions of this new strategy was conducted at the end of anatomical courses held from 2014 to 2016, and practical and written examination scores from 2013 to 2016 were analyzed. The results showed that student perceptions were largely positive and became increasingly so each year. However, there was still some anxiety among the students regarding regions that they did not dissect themselves. Despite this, the alternate dissection strategy did not influence practical examination scores, with the exception of a transient decrease in 2014, i.e., the first year of implementation. Moreover, written examination scores improved both for the extremities and the head and neck regions in 2016. The alternate dissection strategy described herein solved the crowding problem in the dissection laboratory at our institution and had no negative effects on student learning outcomes. Therefore, this type of approach can be used to improve efficiency in dissection laboratories.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-29
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2590173-4
    ISSN 2093-3673 ; 2093-3665
    ISSN (online) 2093-3673
    ISSN 2093-3665
    DOI 10.5115/acb.2019.52.1.69
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Xenogeneic Humoral Immune Responses to Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice.

    Hong, Jun-Man / Kim, Jin-Hee / Kim, Gwang-Hoon / Shin, Hyun-Mu / Hwang, Young-Il

    International journal of stem cells

    2021  Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 291–300

    Abstract: Background and objectives: Many preclinical studies have been conducted using animal disease models to determine the effectiveness of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for treating immune and inflammatory diseases based on the belief that hMSCs are ... ...

    Abstract Background and objectives: Many preclinical studies have been conducted using animal disease models to determine the effectiveness of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) for treating immune and inflammatory diseases based on the belief that hMSCs are not immunogenic across species. However, several researchers have suggested xenogeneic immune responses to hMSCs in animals, still without detailed features. This study aimed to investigate a xenogeneic humoral immune response to hMSCs in mice in detail.
    Methods and results: Balb/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with adipose tissue-derived or Wharton's jelly-derived hMSCs. Sera from these mice were titrated for each isotype. To confirm specificity of the antibodies, hMSCs were stained with the sera and subjected to a flow cytometic analysis. Spleens were immunostained for proliferating cell nuclear antigen to verify the germinal center formation. Additionally, splenocytes were subjected to a flow cytometric analysis for surface markers including GL-7, B220, CD4, CD8, CD44, and CD62L. Similar experiments were repeated in C57BL/6 mice. The results showed increased IgG1 and IgG2a titers in the sera from Balb/c mice injected with hMSCs, and the titers were much higher in the secondary sera than in the primary sera. These antibodies were specifically stained the hMSCs. Germinal centers were observed in the spleen, and flow cytometric analysis of the splenocytes showed higher frequencies of centroblasts (B220
    Conclusions: hMSCs induced a humoral immune response in mice, with characters of T cell-dependent immunity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-31
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2914134-5
    ISSN 2005-5447 ; 2005-3606
    ISSN (online) 2005-5447
    ISSN 2005-3606
    DOI 10.15283/ijsc21116
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  3. Article ; Online: Variations in sural nerve formation pattern and distribution on the dorsum of the foot.

    Jeon, Su Kyoung / Paik, Doo-Jin / Hwang, Young-Il

    Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y.)

    2017  Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 525–532

    Abstract: The sural nerve, a cutaneous nerve, is clinically important because it is frequently for nerve conduction testing, biopsy, and harvesting for nerve grafts. This nerve exhibits a wide variety of variation in formation, distribution on the dorsum of the ... ...

    Abstract The sural nerve, a cutaneous nerve, is clinically important because it is frequently for nerve conduction testing, biopsy, and harvesting for nerve grafts. This nerve exhibits a wide variety of variation in formation, distribution on the dorsum of the foot, and so on, depending on the population observed. In this study, we examined the variation in the sural nerve in 110 Korean cadavers. Of these cadavers, 86.1% of the sural nerves corresponded to type A, where tibial and peroneal components were united to form the sural nerve. These two components most frequently united (65.9%) in the third quarter of the calf, and when the union position was expressed as a ratio to calf length, it corresponded to 0.408 in men and 0.346 in women, with a statistically significant difference. Due to this sexual dimorphism in addition to shorter calf length in females, the length of the sural nerve was shorter in females (male average length: 14.5 ± 4.8 cm; female average length: 11.4 ± 2.9 cm). In terms of distribution of the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve, the distal continuation of the sural nerve on the dorsum of the foot, it showed variation in association with the superficial peroneal nerve. The innervation of the sural nerve extended most frequently up to the lateral two and a half toes, solely or in conjunction with the superficial peroneal nerve. Obtaining further information regarding sural nerve variation will be useful for various clinical procedures and interpretation of sural nerve conduction results. Clin. Anat. 30:525-532, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1025505-9
    ISSN 1098-2353 ; 0897-3806
    ISSN (online) 1098-2353
    ISSN 0897-3806
    DOI 10.1002/ca.22873
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  4. Article ; Online: Effect of adipose-derived stem cells on acellular dermal matrix engraftment in a rabbit model of breast reconstruction.

    Jin, Ung Sik / Hong, Ki Yong / Hwang, Young-Il

    Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

    2017  Volume 70, Issue 6, Page(s) 806–813

    Abstract: Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is frequently used in implant-based breast reconstruction. Although there are several advantages, ADM implantation also increases the risk of certain complications. Recently, ADM seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) ...

    Abstract Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) is frequently used in implant-based breast reconstruction. Although there are several advantages, ADM implantation also increases the risk of certain complications. Recently, ADM seeded with adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) were shown to induce angiogenesis and improve wound healing. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ADSCs on ADM engraftment in a rabbit model of implant-based breast reconstruction. Silicone implants were inserted to submuscular pocket of 16 female New Zealand rabbits using ADM with or without seeding of fluorescent PKH26-labelled rabbit ADSCs. The marginal and central ADMs in each group were evaluated at 1 and 3 months after insertion. We performed a histological analysis including the number of CD31
    MeSH term(s) Acellular Dermis ; Adipose Tissue/cytology ; Animals ; Breast Implantation/methods ; Female ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; Rabbits ; Stem Cells ; Vimentin/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Vimentin
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2217750-4
    ISSN 1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    ISSN (online) 1878-0539
    ISSN 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.02.016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Ancient to modern secular changes in the cranial/cephalic index in Korea: historical brachycephalization and recent debrachycephalization.

    Min, Yu Sun / Oh, Chang Seok / Hong, Jong Ha / Shin, Dong Hoon / Hwang, Young-Il

    Anatomical science international

    2020  Volume 95, Issue 3, Page(s) 363–373

    Abstract: We investigated changes in the cranial/cephalic index of the Korean population in millennia, centuries, and recent decades. Secular changes of Korean's cephalic index in history were studied using the data of archaeology literature and our measurement ... ...

    Abstract We investigated changes in the cranial/cephalic index of the Korean population in millennia, centuries, and recent decades. Secular changes of Korean's cephalic index in history were studied using the data of archaeology literature and our measurement data of different adult skull sets for the fifteenth-nineteenth century Joseon people, the Korean War victims (1950-1953), and the Korean skeletons collected by medical schools in the 1960s. A change in head shape during the last century was also estimated by the analysis on Korean cephalometric datasets of Korean Research Institute of Standards and Science. In brief, over the past 2000 years, the crania of Korean people have steadily changed from mesocephalic to brachycephalic, mainly due to the cranial length shortening. Brachycephalization accelerated at the beginning of the twentieth century and continued until the early twenty-first century, largely caused by increased cephalic breadth. We also note that debrachycephalization began in birth cohorts around 1965 for males and around 1970 for females. Taken together, we figure out that the head shape of Korean people has been gradually shortened over millennia and then has undergone dramatic shortening in the last century. In recent decades, however, the changing pattern has reversed to debrachycephalization, for which we discussed about the possible causes in the present report.
    MeSH term(s) Anthropology, Physical ; Archaeology ; Cephalometry ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Republic of Korea ; Skull/anatomy & histology ; Skull/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-21
    Publishing country Japan
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2079994-9
    ISSN 1447-073X ; 1447-6959 ; 0022-7722
    ISSN (online) 1447-073X
    ISSN 1447-6959 ; 0022-7722
    DOI 10.1007/s12565-020-00529-z
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Comparison of Immunological Characteristics of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from the Periodontal Ligament, Umbilical Cord, and Adipose Tissue.

    Kim, Jin-Hee / Jo, Chris H / Kim, Hang-Rae / Hwang, Young-Il

    Stem cells international

    2018  Volume 2018, Page(s) 8429042

    Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of therapeutic importance in the fields of regenerative medicine and immunological diseases. Accordingly, studies evaluating MSCs for clinical applications are increasing. In this study, we characterized MSCs from the ... ...

    Abstract Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of therapeutic importance in the fields of regenerative medicine and immunological diseases. Accordingly, studies evaluating MSCs for clinical applications are increasing. In this study, we characterized MSCs from the periodontal ligament, umbilical cord (UC-MSCs), and adipose tissue, which were relatively easy to obtain with limited ethical concerns regarding their acquisition, and compared their immunological characteristics. Among MSCs isolated from the three different tissues, UC-MSCs grew the fastest
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2573856-2
    ISSN 1687-9678 ; 1687-966X
    ISSN (online) 1687-9678
    ISSN 1687-966X
    DOI 10.1155/2018/8429042
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Students' perception of anatomy education at a Korean medical college with respect to time and contents.

    Cho, Min Joon / Hwang, Young-Il

    Anatomy & cell biology

    2013  Volume 46, Issue 2, Page(s) 157–162

    Abstract: Among medical education institutions worldwide, the time allotted for anatomy instruction has decreased without any reasonable time optimization suggestions. In addition, the utility of cadaver dissection has long been debated. Herein, we surveyed ... ...

    Abstract Among medical education institutions worldwide, the time allotted for anatomy instruction has decreased without any reasonable time optimization suggestions. In addition, the utility of cadaver dissection has long been debated. Herein, we surveyed students' perceptions of anatomy education with respect to time and hands-on cadaver dissection, at Seoul National University College of Medicine. With the help of a questionnaire, we surveyed third- and fourth-year students at our institute who had completed the anatomy module as freshmen as well as their clinical clerkship. At our institute, students complete 50 hours of anatomy lectures and 120 hours of dissection laboratory during their first year. According to the survey responses, they generally considered these durations to be adequate for achieving their anatomy education goals. Almost all the students regarded the dissection laboratory as an essential and most helpful modality. Thus, we suggest that these ranges of time along with cadaver dissection could be useful guidelines for optimized anatomy education. The survey data also indicated that a more clinically oriented anatomy education could improve students' results.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-06-30
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2590173-4
    ISSN 2093-3673 ; 2093-3665
    ISSN (online) 2093-3673
    ISSN 2093-3665
    DOI 10.5115/acb.2013.46.2.157
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  8. Article ; Online: SB365,

    Hong, Jun-Man / Kim, Jin-Hee / Kim, Hyemin / Lee, Wang Jae / Hwang, Young-Il

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2019  Volume 24, Issue 18

    Abstract: SB365, a saponin D extracted from the roots ... ...

    Abstract SB365, a saponin D extracted from the roots of
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Apoptosis/drug effects ; Autophagy/drug effects ; Biomarkers ; Caspases/metabolism ; Cell Death/drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Disease Models, Animal ; Glioblastoma/metabolism ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinases ; Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial/drug effects ; Mice ; Pulsatilla/chemistry ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism ; Saponins/chemistry ; Saponins/pharmacology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
    Chemical Substances Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; Biomarkers ; Pulsatilla saponin D ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Saponins ; Caspases (EC 3.4.22.-) ; Matrix Metalloproteinases (EC 3.4.24.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-05
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules24183230
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  9. Article ; Online: Anatomical study of the adductor canal: three-dimensional micro-computed tomography, histological, and immunofluorescence findings relevant to neural blockade.

    Lee, Shin Hyo / Kim, Hee Jung / Kim, Shin Hyung / Cho, Tae-Hyeon / Kwon, Hyun-Jin / O, Jehoon / Hong, Ju Eun / Nam, Seung Hyun / Hwang, Young-Il / Yang, Hun-Mu

    Korean journal of anesthesiology

    2022  Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) 252–260

    Abstract: Background: A precise anatomical understanding of the adductor canal (AC) and its neural components is essential for discerning the action mechanism of the AC block. We therefore aimed to clarify the detailed anatomy of the AC using micro-computed ... ...

    Abstract Background: A precise anatomical understanding of the adductor canal (AC) and its neural components is essential for discerning the action mechanism of the AC block. We therefore aimed to clarify the detailed anatomy of the AC using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histological evaluation, and immunofluorescence (IF) assays.
    Methods: Gross dissections of 39 thighs provided morphometric data relevant to injection landmarks. Serial sectional images of the AC were defined using micro-CT and ultrasonography. The fascial and neural structures of the AC proper were histologically evaluated using Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining, and double IF staining using choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and neurofilament 200 antibodies.
    Results: The posteromedial branch insertion of the nerve to vastus medialis (NVM) into the lateral border of the AC proper was lower (14.5 ± 2.4 cm [mean ± SD] above the base of the patella) than the origin of the proximal AC. The AC consists of a thin subsartorial fascia in the proximal region and a thick aponeurosis-like vastoadductor membrane in the distal region. In the proximal AC, the posteromedial branch of the NVM (pmNVM) consistently contained both sensory and motor fibers, and more ChAT-positive fibers were observed than in the saphenous nerve (27.5 ± 11.2 / 104 vs. 4.2 ± 2.6 / 104 [counts/µm2], P < 0.001).
    Conclusions: Anatomical differences in fascial structures between the proximal and distal AC and a mixed neural component of the neighboring pmNVM have been visualized using micro-CT images, histological evaluation, and IF assays.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Thigh/innervation ; X-Ray Microtomography ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Muscle, Skeletal/anatomy & histology ; Fascia ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-17
    Publishing country Korea (South)
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2557340-8
    ISSN 2005-7563 ; 2005-7563
    ISSN (online) 2005-7563
    ISSN 2005-7563
    DOI 10.4097/kja.22499
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  10. Article ; Online: CTRP3 exacerbates tendinopathy by dysregulating tendon stem cell differentiation and altering extracellular matrix composition.

    Cho, Yongsik / Kim, Hyeon-Seop / Kang, Donghyun / Kim, Hyeonkyeong / Lee, Narae / Yun, Jihye / Kim, Yi-Jun / Lee, Kyoung Min / Kim, Jin-Hee / Kim, Hang-Rae / Hwang, Young-Il / Jo, Chris Hyunchul / Kim, Jin-Hong

    Science advances

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 47, Page(s) eabg6069

    Abstract: Tendinopathy, the most common disorder affecting tendons, is characterized by chronic disorganization of the tendon matrix, which leads to tendon tear and rupture. The goal was to identify a rational molecular target whose blockade can serve as a ... ...

    Abstract Tendinopathy, the most common disorder affecting tendons, is characterized by chronic disorganization of the tendon matrix, which leads to tendon tear and rupture. The goal was to identify a rational molecular target whose blockade can serve as a potential therapeutic intervention for tendinopathy. We identified C1q/TNF-related protein-3 (CTRP3) as a markedly up-regulated cytokine in human and rodent tendinopathy. Overexpression of CTRP3 enhanced the progression of tendinopathy by accumulating cartilaginous proteoglycans and degenerating collagenous fibers in the mouse tendon, whereas CTRP3 knockdown suppressed the tendinopathy pathogenesis. Functional blockade of CTRP3 using a neutralizing antibody ameliorated overuse-induced tendinopathy of the Achilles and rotator cuff tendons. Mechanistically, CTRP3 elicited a transcriptomic pattern that stimulates abnormal differentiation of tendon stem/progenitor cells and ectopic chondrification as an effect linked to activation of Akt signaling. Collectively, we reveal an essential role for CTRP3 in tendinopathy and propose a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of tendinopathy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2810933-8
    ISSN 2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
    ISSN (online) 2375-2548
    ISSN 2375-2548
    DOI 10.1126/sciadv.abg6069
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