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Article ; Online: Injuries in Male and Female Elite Aquatic Sports Athletes

Hyun Chul Kim, Ki Jun Park

Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Vol 19, Iss 2, Pp 390-

An 8-Year Prospective, Epidemiological Study

2020 Volume 396

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the injury patterns associated with training activities in elite South Korean aquatic sports athletes training for the Olympic Games. From 2012 to 2019, we prospectively collected data on elite aquatic sports athletes at the ...

Abstract	This study aimed to determine the injury patterns associated with training activities in elite South Korean aquatic sports athletes training for the Olympic Games. From 2012 to 2019, we prospectively collected data on elite aquatic sports athletes at the Korea National Training Center. The athletes were assessed by four sports medicine doctors, and data were stratified according to sex, aquatic style, injury body location, and injury severity. Chi-square tests were used to compare groups. Injury rates was expressed as rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Annually, the center hosts an average of 42 elite aquatic athletes spread over four aquatic styles. We recorded 797 injuries in total (annual average: 2.37 injuries/athlete), during training sessions, 57.1% of which were mild injuries. For all athletes, most injuries occurred in the upper limb (35.9%), followed by the lower limb (31.0%), the trunk (24.5%), and the head and neck (8.7%). Aquatic style significantly influenced injury body location and severity for both male and female athletes (injury body location: p < 0.001 and p < 0.010, respectively; injury severity: p = 0.027 and p < 0.001, respectively). In general, male and female athletes experienced a comparable risk of injury (rate ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence intervals: 0.53-2.46). Among the male and female South Korean elite aquatic athletes training for the Olympic Games, most injuries were mild and occurred in the upper limb, and aquatic style influenced injury body location and severity.
Keywords	sports injury ; aquatic sports ; south korea ; body region ; sex differences ; Sports ; GV557-1198.995 ; Sports medicine ; RC1200-1245
Subject code	796
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	University of Uludag
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Enhancement of cerebrospinal fluid tracer movement by the application of pulsed transcranial focused ultrasound

Seung-Schik Yoo / Hyun-Chul Kim / Jaeho Kim / Evgenii Kim / Kavin Kowsari / Jared Van Reet / Kyungho Yoon

Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 13

Abstract: Abstract Efficient transport of solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a critical role in their clearance from the brain. Convective bulk flow of solutes in the CSF in the perivascular space (PVS) is considered one of the important mechanisms ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Efficient transport of solutes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a critical role in their clearance from the brain. Convective bulk flow of solutes in the CSF in the perivascular space (PVS) is considered one of the important mechanisms behind solute movement in the brain, before their ultimate drainage to the systemic lymphatic system. Acoustic pressure waves can impose radiation force on a medium in its path, inducing localized and directional fluidic flow, known as acoustic streaming. We transcranially applied low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) to rats that received an intracisternal injection of fluorescent CSF tracers (dextran and ovalbumin, having two different molecular weights–Mw). The sonication pulsing parameter was determined on the set that propelled the aqueous solution of toluidine blue O dye into a porous media (melamine foam) at the highest level of infiltration. Fluorescence imaging of the brain showed that application of FUS increased the uptake of ovalbumin at the sonicated plane, particularly around the ventricles, whereas the uptake of high-Mw dextran was unaffected. Numerical simulation showed that the effects of sonication were non-thermal. Sonication did not alter the animals’ behavior or disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) while yielding normal brain histology. The results suggest that FUS may serve as a new non-invasive means to promote interstitial CSF solute transport in a region-specific manner without disrupting the BBB, providing potential for enhanced clearance of waste products from the brain.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Study on the Common Rail Type Injector Nozzle Design Based on the Nozzle Flow Model

Sang-Wook Han / Yun-Sub Shin / Hyun-Chul Kim / Gee-Soo Lee

Applied Sciences, Vol 10, Iss 2, p

2020 Volume 549

Abstract: In this paper, a nozzle flow model was used to design an injector nozzle and obtain initial spray conditions for the dimethyl ether (DME) common rail-injection system. In order to deliver the same amount of energy as that provided by diesel at a low ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, a nozzle flow model was used to design an injector nozzle and obtain initial spray conditions for the dimethyl ether (DME) common rail-injection system. In order to deliver the same amount of energy as that provided by diesel at a low injection pressure of 50 MPa, the injector for DME needs nozzle holes with larger diameters and a higher SAC volume for the same injection duration. In addition, the needle lift and needle seat diameter should be increased to maintain a minimum flow area ratio. Although the vapour pressure and maximum injection pressure of DME are lower than those of diesel, the nozzle in a DME system showed higher discharge coefficients and effective nozzle exit diameters for the same injection duration owing to low kinematic viscosity. However, because the maximum injection pressure in DME is lower than that with diesel, and the length of the cavitation region is narrower.
Keywords	nozzle flow model ; dme (dimethly ether) ; injector ; common-rail injection system ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	600
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Thermal Injury to the Subhepatic Appendix Following Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Eun Ju Yoon / Jin Woong Kim / Jun Hyung Hong / Sang Gook Song / Hyun Chul Kim / Young Hoe Hur / Hyung Joong Kim

Diagnostics, Vol 13, Iss 21, p

A Case Report

2023 Volume 3322

Abstract: We present the first documented case of a fistula between the treated zone and the appendix after RFA in a patient with HCC. Contrast-enhanced CT and MRI revealed a subcapsular hepatic nodule with image findings of HCC located adjacent to the ascending ... ...

Abstract	We present the first documented case of a fistula between the treated zone and the appendix after RFA in a patient with HCC. Contrast-enhanced CT and MRI revealed a subcapsular hepatic nodule with image findings of HCC located adjacent to the ascending colon and cecum. An ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy was subsequently performed to distinguish between hepatic metastasis and HCC. Post-RFA imaging identified a low-attenuating ablated area adjacent to an air-filled appendix. The patient later experienced complications, including increased liver enzymes and an abscess at the ablation site. Imaging revealed a fistulous tract between the RFA zone and the appendix. Over the following months, the patient underwent conservative treatment involving intravenous antibiotics and repeated percutaneous drainage, exhibiting eventual symptom relief and an absence of the fistulous tract upon subsequent imaging. This case highlights the rare complications that can arise during RFA due to peculiar anatomical variations, such as a subhepatic appendix, resulting from midgut malrotation and previous surgery. It is imperative for operators to be cognizant of potential anatomical variations when considering RFA treatment, ensuring comprehensive pre-procedural imaging and post-procedure monitoring. This case also emphasizes the potential viability of nonoperative management in complex scenarios in which surgical interventions pose significant risks.
Keywords	radiofrequency ablation (RFA) ; hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ; subhepatic appendix ; fistula ; anatomical variations ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Tracking fluorescent dissolved organic matter in hybrid ultrafiltration systems with TiO2/UV oxidation via EEM-PARAFAC

Ly, Quang Viet / Hyun-Chul Kim / Jin Hur

Journal of membrane science. 2018 Mar. 01, v. 549

2018

Abstract: In this study, different fluorescent constituents of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with terrestrial sources and their membrane fouling potentials were tracked in the hybrid ultrafiltration (UF) processes adopting UV photooxidation with TiO2 ... ...

Abstract	In this study, different fluorescent constituents of dissolved organic matter (DOM) with terrestrial sources and their membrane fouling potentials were tracked in the hybrid ultrafiltration (UF) processes adopting UV photooxidation with TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) as a form of pretreatment via fluorescence excitation emission matrix coupled with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC). The photocatalytic oxidation processes consistently resulted in enhanced removal rates of DOM and membrane fouling mitigation regardless of DOM sources. EEM-PARAFAC decomposed bulk DOM into four different fluorescent DOM (FDOM) components including three humic-like components (C1, C2, and C3) and one protein/polyphenol-like component (C4). The results showed that direct hole oxidation was primarily involved in attacking large sized humic-like C1 on TiO2 surfaces, while indirect oxidation with hydroxyl radicals was responsible for the removal of the small sized humic-like C3 and C4. Under a short irradiation period of 30min, the intermediate-sized humic-like C2 was released into solutions from adsorbed C1. Among the FDOM components, C4 was the most associated with reversible fouling of the hybrid UF system, while C1 contributed most of the fouling of the UF system without the photocatalysis. Meanwhile, C3 was the most important FDOM component responsible for irreversible fouling, and the contribution was more pronounced at longer irradiation. This study revealed the great applicability of EEM-PARAFAC in probing the extent of membrane fouling in TiO2/UV-UF hybrid systems. Considering the unique characteristics of the individual FDOM components, EEM-PARAFAC can provide valuable information providing further insight into system optimization as well as predictions of the treated water quality.
Keywords	artificial membranes ; dissolved organic matter ; factor analysis ; fluorescence ; fouling ; hydroxyl radicals ; irradiation ; nanoparticles ; photocatalysis ; photooxidation ; prediction ; system optimization ; titanium dioxide ; ultrafiltration ; water quality
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0301
Size	p. 275-282.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	194516-6
ISSN	0376-7388
ISSN	0376-7388
DOI	10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.020
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Extremely Simple and Rapid Fabrication of Flexible Transparent Electrodes Using Ultralong Copper Nanowires

Duong, Thanh-Hung / Hyun-Chul Kim

Industrial & engineering chemistry process design and development. 2018 Feb. 28, v. 57, no. 8

2018

Abstract: Recently, flexible transparent electrodes have been fabricated successfully by using silver and copper nanowires. Silver is expensive and scarce, while copper is inexpensive but it requires a complex post-treatment process to obtain copper nanowire ... ...

Abstract	Recently, flexible transparent electrodes have been fabricated successfully by using silver and copper nanowires. Silver is expensive and scarce, while copper is inexpensive but it requires a complex post-treatment process to obtain copper nanowire electrodes with an equivalent performance. In this study, by using polyvinylpyrrolidone-based ink and ultralong copper nanowires, a simple and low-cost approach has been presented for the fabrication of excellent copper nanowire-based flexible transparent electrodes. When ultrahigh aspect ratio copper nanowires and 0.5 wt % polyvinylpyrrolidone-based ink are applied to coat onto a substrate, the post-treatment process can be simplified to dipping once in acetic acid for 60 s. When compared to previously reported studies, our copper nanowire electrodes proved to be one of the best quality transparent electrodes. Moreover, these electrodes were applied successfully in the fabrication of self-capacitance button touch sensors.
Keywords	acetic acid ; copper ; copper nanoparticles ; dipping ; electrodes ; nanosilver ; nanowires ; process design ; silver
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-0228
Size	p. 3076-3082.
Publishing place	American Chemical Society
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1484436-9
ISSN	1520-5045 ; 0888-5885
ISSN (online)	1520-5045
ISSN	0888-5885
DOI	10.1021/acs.iecr.7b04709
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Transcranial focused ultrasound modulates cortical and thalamic motor activity in awake sheep

Hyun-Chul Kim / Wonhye Lee / Jennifer Kunes / Kyungho Yoon / Ji Eun Lee / Lori Foley / Kavin Kowsari / Seung-Schik Yoo

Scientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2021 Volume 16

Abstract: Abstract Transcranial application of pulsed low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) modulates the excitability of region-specific brain areas, and anesthetic confounders on brain activity warrant the evaluation of the technique in awake animals. We ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Transcranial application of pulsed low-intensity focused ultrasound (FUS) modulates the excitability of region-specific brain areas, and anesthetic confounders on brain activity warrant the evaluation of the technique in awake animals. We examined the neuromodulatory effects of FUS in unanesthetized sheep by developing a custom-fit headgear capable of reproducibly placing an acoustic focus on the unilateral motor cortex (M1) and corresponding thalamic area. The efferent responses to sonication, based on the acoustic parameters previously identified in anesthetized sheep, were measured using electromyography (EMG) from both hind limbs across three experimental conditions: on-target sonication, off-target sonication, and without sonication. Excitatory sonication yielded greater amplitude of EMG signals obtained from the hind limb contralateral to sonication than that from the ipsilateral limb. Spurious appearance of motion-related EMG signals limited the amount of analyzed data (~ 10% selection of acquired data) during excitatory sonication, and the averaged EMG response rates elicited by the M1 and thalamic stimulations were 7.5 ± 1.4% and 6.7 ± 1.5%, respectively. Suppressive sonication, while sheep walked on the treadmill, temporarily reduced the EMG amplitude from the limb contralateral to sonication. No significant change was found in the EMG amplitudes during the off-target sonication. Behavioral observation throughout the study and histological analysis showed no sign of brain tissue damage caused by the acoustic stimulation. Marginal response rates observed during excitatory sonication call for technical refinement to reduce motion artifacts during EMG acquisitions as well as acoustic aberration correction schemes to improve spatial accuracy of sonication. Yet, our results indicate that low-intensity FUS modulated the excitability of regional brain tissues reversibly and safely in awake sheep, supporting its potential in theragnostic applications.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Selective carbon dioxide sorption and heterogeneous catalysis by a new 3D Zn-MOF with nitrogen-rich 1D channels

Hyun-Chul Kim / Seong Huh / Sung-Jin Kim / Youngmee Kim

Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract We prepared a new C 2h-symmetric bridging ligand, 3,3′-(pyrazine-2,5-diyl)dibenzoic acid (3,3′-PDBA), through a Suzuki coupling reaction. 3,3′-PDBA contains a central pyrazine ring instead of the phenyl ring of 3,3′-terphenyldicarboxylic acid (3, ...

Abstract	Abstract We prepared a new C 2h-symmetric bridging ligand, 3,3′-(pyrazine-2,5-diyl)dibenzoic acid (3,3′-PDBA), through a Suzuki coupling reaction. 3,3′-PDBA contains a central pyrazine ring instead of the phenyl ring of 3,3′-terphenyldicarboxylic acid (3,3′-TPDC). Despite the geometrical similarity of the two bridging ligands, the reaction between Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and 3,3′-PDBA in the presence of 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) yielded a structurally different Zn-based metal-organic framework (Zn-MOF). The Zn-MOF, [Zn2(3,3′-PDBA)2(DABCO)1.5]·2DMF·H2O, had two-dimensional (2D) layers, and the interlocked 2D layers formed a porous 3D framework. Interestingly, one of the two available N atoms of DABCO remained intact. The uncoordinated N atoms of the dangling DABCO ligand and the pyrazinyl N atoms of the 3,3′-PDBA bridging ligand were fully exposed toward the 1D channels. Therefore, the 1D channels represented a highly nitrogen-rich environment. Gas sorption analysis indicated that the Zn-MOF was selective for adsorption of CO2 at 196 K over N2 (77 K) and H2 (77 K). The exceptionally high zero surface coverage heat of CO2 adsorption (Q st = 79.5 kJ mol−1) was attributable to the openly accessible multiple Lewis basic sites in the nitrogen-rich 1D channels. Zn-MOF also showed good Lewis base catalytic activities in three model aldol-type reactions with good recyclability due to chemically accessible 3° amine sites.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A fast fabrication of copper nanowire transparent conductive electrodes by using pulsed laser irradiation

Nguyen-Hung Tran / Thanh-Hung Duong / Hyun-Chul Kim

Scientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2017 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Copper nanowires have shown promise for use in next-generation conducting materials for transparent electrodes owing to their low sheet resistance, natural abundance, and high transmittance properties. Additionally, copper nanowires can be ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Copper nanowires have shown promise for use in next-generation conducting materials for transparent electrodes owing to their low sheet resistance, natural abundance, and high transmittance properties. Additionally, copper nanowires can be easily synthesized via low-cost solution-based processes. However, copper requires a uniform film to coat the nanowires on the substrate and removing film former residue in the post-treatment process remains a challenge. This lead to the high cost and complexity of fabricating transparent electrode. In this study, we demonstrate a simple, time-saving production method using a combination of laser irradiation and acid dipping to fabricate high-quality copper nanowire transparent electrodes. Preparation of electrodes was achieved by scanning pulsed laser on a copper nanowire film and then dipping in glacial acetic acid. The electrode exhibited excellent properties and the film former was totally erased from the electrode surface. Moreover, to demonstrate their capability, the as-fabricated electrodes were applied in touch-sensor fabrication.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	620
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Preparation of Side-By-Side Bicomponent Fibers Using Bio Polyol Based Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) and TPU/Polylactic Acid Blends

Jiyeon Oh / Young Kwang Kim / Sung-Ho Hwang / Hyun-Chul Kim / Jae-Hun Jung / Cho-Hyun Jeon / Jongwon Kim / Sang Kyoo Lim

Fibers, Vol 10, Iss 95, p

2022 Volume 95

Abstract: In this study, side-by-side bicomponent fibers were prepared by melt spinning using bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and TPU/polylactic acid (PLA) blends. The morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of the fibers were investigated. To ... ...

Abstract	In this study, side-by-side bicomponent fibers were prepared by melt spinning using bio-based thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and TPU/polylactic acid (PLA) blends. The morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of the fibers were investigated. To this end, the synthesis of TPU using biomass-based polyols and the preparation of TPU/PLA blends were preceded. Their morphological and structural characteristics were investigated. The synthesis of TPU was confirmed through Fourier transform infrared analysis, and as a result of gel permeation chromatograph analysis, a compound having a weight average molecular weight of 196,107 was synthesized. The TPU/PLA blends were blended in the ratio of 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, and 20/80 through a melt extruder. They formed a sea–island structure as a result of scanning electron microscope analysis, and an increase in the PLA content in the TPU matrix caused a decrease in the melt flow index. Finally, TPU/(TPU/PLA) side-by-side bicomponent fibers were prepared by utilizing the above two materials. These fibers exhibited tensile strengths of up to 3624 MPa, with improved biocarbon content of up to 71.5%. These results demonstrate the potential of TPU/(TPU/PLA) side-by-side bicomponent fibers for various applications.
Keywords	bio-based polyester polyols ; thermoplastic polyurethane ; polylactic acid ; side-by-side bicomponent fiber ; melt spinning ; Chemicals: Manufacture ; use ; etc ; TP200-248 ; Textile bleaching ; dyeing ; printing ; TP890-933 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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