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Article ; Online: Importance of Proper Monetary Liquidity

Ming-Chu Chiang / I-Chun Tsai

Sustainability, Vol 12, Iss 8989, p

Sustainable Development of the Housing and Stock Markets

2020 Volume 8989

Abstract: In this paper, we infer that when no excess monetary liquidity exists, people tend to invest available capital in assets associated with a high return or low risk. However, when excess monetary liquidity occurs, capital may successively boost asset ... ...

Abstract	In this paper, we infer that when no excess monetary liquidity exists, people tend to invest available capital in assets associated with a high return or low risk. However, when excess monetary liquidity occurs, capital may successively boost asset markets, and the stock market wealth is thus likely to spill into housing markets, resulting in bubbles in these two markets and therefore in the unsustainable development of both the housing and stock markets. This paper uses relevant data from the United Kingdom from January 1991 to March 2020 to verify whether excess monetary liquidity is a crucial factor determining the relationship between the housing and stock markets. Continuous and structural changes are found to exist between housing price and stock price returns. This paper employs the time-varying coefficient method for estimation and determines that the influence of stock price returns on housing returns is dynamic, and an asymmetrical effect can occur according to whether excess monetary liquidity exists. An excessively loose monetary policy increases asset prices and can thus easily result in a mutual rise in asset markets. By contrast, when excess monetary liquidity does not exist, capital transfer among markets can prevent autocorrelation during excessive market investment and thereby aggravate market imbalance.
Keywords	monetary liquidity ; monetary policy ; sustainable development of asset markets ; capital transfer ; capital switching effect ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	332
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Volcanic contribution to the 1990s North Pacific climate shift in winter

Chi-Hua Wu / Shih-Yu Lee / I-Chun Tsai / Chein-Jung Shiu / Yi-Ying Chen

Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract It is debatable whether external forcing can change the state of the climate. By investigating decadal changes with and without including the 1990s stratospheric volcanic aerosols, we explored the volcanic eruptions contribution to decadal ... ...

Abstract	Abstract It is debatable whether external forcing can change the state of the climate. By investigating decadal changes with and without including the 1990s stratospheric volcanic aerosols, we explored the volcanic eruptions contribution to decadal climate regime shifts occurring in boreal winter over the North Pacific. The volcanic eruptions contribution can be characterized as a series of rapid changes, including the strengthening and poleward shift of the midlatitude westerly jet stream. In addition to the short-lived radiative effects primarily induced by the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption, the volcanically driven decadal change can be observed in the mid-to-late 1990s, suggesting a time-lagged characteristic of the volcanic climate impact. Compared with the decadal change irrelevant to volcanic eruption, the decadal state more dramatically enters into the next phase when volcanic forcing is included. The climate oscillation-related pattern shifts that occurred across the 1990s can provide insights into volcanically induced changes in decadal atmospheric circulation.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Portfolio
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Risk Transfer among Housing Markets in Major Cities in China

I-Chun Tsai / Shu-Hen Chiang

Sustainability, Vol 10, Iss 7, p

2018 Volume 2386

Abstract: This study explored risk transfer among the housing markets of five major cities in China, comprising three first-tier cities (i.e., Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen) and two second-tier cities (i.e., Tianjin and Chongqing). House price index data from ... ...

Abstract	This study explored risk transfer among the housing markets of five major cities in China, comprising three first-tier cities (i.e., Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen) and two second-tier cities (i.e., Tianjin and Chongqing). House price index data from January 2001 to June 2017 and a vector autoregressive–multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity model were employed to estimate correlations among these cities related to house price returns and volatility. In addition, volatility impulse-response functions were estimated to determine interactions among housing market risk in different cities. The results revealed that first-tier cities were more likely to transfer risk to second-tier cities, and that Beijing’s housing market exerted the greatest influence on risk in other cities’ housing markets. To consider the influence of the 2008 global financial crisis, data collected before and after the crisis were divided into two groups for subsequent investigation. The results revealed that these cities became more closely interrelated after the financial crisis, thereby escalating the risk of impulse influences. Finally, this study evaluated the influences of macroeconomic impulses on the housing markets of the three first-tier cities, indicating that real estate in these three cities can protect investors against inflation. The evidence presented in this paper can serve as a reference for the Chinese government regarding risk control.
Keywords	China’s housing market ; housing market risk ; risk transfer ; volatility impulse-response function ; financial crisis ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Subject code	720
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Northern Hemisphere Urban Heat Stress and Associated Labor Hour Hazard from ERA5 Reanalysis

Shih-Yu Lee / Shih-Chun Candice Lung / Ping-Gin Chiu / Wen-Cheng Wang / I-Chun Tsai / Thung-Hong Lin

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 19, Iss 8163, p

2022 Volume 8163

Abstract: Increasing surface air temperature is a fundamental characteristic of a warming world. Rising temperatures have potential impacts on human health through heat stress. One heat stress metric is the wet-bulb globe temperature, which takes into ... ...

Abstract	Increasing surface air temperature is a fundamental characteristic of a warming world. Rising temperatures have potential impacts on human health through heat stress. One heat stress metric is the wet-bulb globe temperature, which takes into consideration the effects of radiation, humidity, and wind speed. It also has broad health and environmental implications. This study presents wet-bulb globe temperatures calculated from the fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts atmospheric reanalysis and combines it with health guidelines to assess heat stress variability and the potential for reduction in labor hours over the past decade on both the continental and urban scale. Compared to 2010–2014, there was a general increase in heat stress during the period from 2015 to 2019 throughout the northern hemisphere, with the largest warming found in tropical regions, especially in the northern part of the Indian Peninsula. On the urban scale, our results suggest that heat stress might have led to a reduction in labor hours by up to ~20% in some Asian cities subject to work–rest regulations. Extremes in heat stress can be explained by changes in radiation and circulation. The resultant threat is highest in developing countries in tropical areas where workers often have limited legal protection and healthcare. The effect of heat stress exposure is therefore a collective challenge with environmental, economic, and social implications.
Keywords	heat stress ; wet-bulb globe temperature ; urban population exposure ; labor hour reduction ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A hypomorphic inherited pathogenic variant in DDX3X causes male intellectual disability with additional neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative features

Georgios Kellaris / Kamal Khan / Shahid M. Baig / I-Chun Tsai / Francisca Millan Zamora / Paul Ruggieri / Marvin R. Natowicz / Nicholas Katsanis

Human Genomics, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2018 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Intellectual disability (ID) is a common condition with a population prevalence frequency of 1–3% and an enrichment for males, driven in part by the contribution of mutant alleles on the X-chromosome. Among the more than 500 genes ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Intellectual disability (ID) is a common condition with a population prevalence frequency of 1–3% and an enrichment for males, driven in part by the contribution of mutant alleles on the X-chromosome. Among the more than 500 genes associated with ID, DDX3X represents an outlier in sex specificity. Nearly all reported pathogenic variants of DDX3X are de novo, affect mostly females, and appear to be loss of function variants, consistent with the hypothesis that haploinsufficiency at this locus on the X-chromosome is likely to be lethal in males. Results We evaluated two male siblings with syndromic features characterized by mild-to-moderate ID and progressive spasticity. Quad-based whole-exome sequencing revealed a maternally inherited missense variant encoding p.R79K in DDX3X in both siblings and no other apparent pathogenic variants. We assessed its possible relevance to their phenotype using an established functional assay for DDX3X activity in zebrafish embryos and found that this allele causes a partial loss of DDX3X function and thus represents a hypomorphic variant. Conclusions Our genetic and functional data suggest that partial loss of function of DDX3X can cause syndromic ID. The p.R79K allele affects a region of the protein outside the critical RNA helicase domain, offering a credible explanation for the observed retention of partial function, viability in hemizygous males, and lack of pathology in females. These findings expand the gender spectrum of pathology of this locus and suggest that analysis for DDX3X variants should be considered relevant for both males and females.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Genetics ; QH426-470
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Estimation of foreign versus domestic contributions to Taiwan's air pollution

Chen, Jen-Ping / Cheng-En Yang / I-Chun Tsai

Atmospheric environment. 2015 July, v. 112

2015

Abstract: Based on the analysis of observational data obtained over a period of 17 years, this study developed a novel approach estimating long-term changes in the relative contributions of domestic and foreign sources to air pollution levels over the island of ... ...

Abstract	Based on the analysis of observational data obtained over a period of 17 years, this study developed a novel approach estimating long-term changes in the relative contributions of domestic and foreign sources to air pollution levels over the island of Taiwan. The contribution from foreign sources was calculated using data measured at selected coastal monitoring stations under specific meteorological conditions. The domestic contribution was derived by subtracting the foreign contribution from the overall concentration, which was calculated with island-wide monitoring station data averaged using Thiessen polygon area weighting. The trends of mean CO, NO, NO2 and SO2 concentrations in Taiwan wereÂ â2.1%,Â â3.3%,Â â1.4% and 0% yrâ1; while the background concentrations varied byÂ â1.0%, 5.7%, 3.8% and 6.6% yrâ1, respectively. These figures suggest that the efforts of Taiwan in reducing air pollution are largely being negated by foreign contributions. Ozone showed a steady increase of 3.3% yrâ1, and a portion of this was associated with a 1.0% yrâ1 increase in background values. Local and background PM10 concentrations did not show significant long-term trends, but rather strong inter-annual variations associated with dust storm activity in East Asia. The domestic fractions of NO and NO2 respectively decreased from 90% and 85% in 1994 to less than 60% and 70% in 2010. In contrast, the domestic fraction of SO2 decreased from 82% in 1994 to 27% in 2010. The domestic fraction of CO exhibited no obvious trend due to concurrent decreases in local and background contributions. Background O3 values tended to drop across Taiwan due to the titration effect from domestic NO emissions, and the fraction of domestic O3 titration decreased from 50% in the mid-90s to 25% in 2010.
Keywords	air pollution ; atmospheric chemistry ; carbon monoxide ; dust storms ; emissions ; monitoring ; nitric oxide ; nitrogen dioxide ; observational studies ; ozone ; particulates ; sulfur dioxide ; titration ; Taiwan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-07
Size	p. 9-19.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	216368-8
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
ISSN	0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
DOI	10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.022
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Small molecule inhibition of RAS/MAPK signaling ameliorates developmental pathologies of Kabuki Syndrome

I-Chun Tsai / Kelly McKnight / Spencer U. McKinstry / Andrew T. Maynard / Perciliz L. Tan / Christelle Golzio / C. Thomas White / Daniel J. Price / Erica E. Davis / Heather Amrine-Madsen / Nicholas Katsanis

Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2018 Volume 12

Abstract: Abstract Kabuki Syndrome (KS) is a rare disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, skeletal abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental deficits. Previously, we showed that loss of function of RAP1A, a RAF1 regulator, can activate ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Kabuki Syndrome (KS) is a rare disorder characterized by distinctive facial features, short stature, skeletal abnormalities, and neurodevelopmental deficits. Previously, we showed that loss of function of RAP1A, a RAF1 regulator, can activate the RAS/MAPK pathway and cause KS, an observation recapitulated in other genetic models of the disorder. These data suggested that suppression of this signaling cascade might be of therapeutic benefit for some features of KS. To pursue this possibility, we performed a focused small molecule screen of a series of RAS/MAPK pathway inhibitors, where we tested their ability to rescue disease-relevant phenotypes in a zebrafish model of the most common KS locus, kmt2d. Consistent with a pathway-driven screening paradigm, two of 27 compounds showed reproducible rescue of early developmental pathologies. Further analyses showed that one compound, desmethyl-Dabrafenib (dmDf), induced no overt pathologies in zebrafish embryos but could rescue MEK hyperactivation in vivo and, concomitantly, structural KS-relevant phenotypes in all KS zebrafish models (kmt2d, kmd6a and rap1). Mass spectrometry quantitation suggested that a 100 nM dose resulted in sub-nanomolar exposure of this inhibitor and was sufficient to rescue both mandibular and neurodevelopmental defects. Crucially, germline kmt2d mutants recapitulated the gastrulation movement defects, micrognathia and neurogenesis phenotypes of transient models; treatment with dmDf ameliorated all of them significantly. Taken together, our data reinforce a causal link between MEK hyperactivation and KS and suggest that chemical suppression of BRAF might be of potential clinical utility for some features of this disorder.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	572
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Essential Functional Modules for Pathogenic and Defensive Mechanisms in Candida albicans Infections

Yu-Chao Wang / I-Chun Tsai / Che Lin / Wen-Ping Hsieh / Chung-Yu Lan / Yung-Jen Chuang / Bor-Sen Chen

BioMed Research International, Vol

2014 Volume 2014

Abstract: The clinical and biological significance of the study of fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans) has markedly increased. However, the explicit pathogenic and invasive mechanisms of such host-pathogen interactions have not yet been fully elucidated. ...

Abstract	The clinical and biological significance of the study of fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans) has markedly increased. However, the explicit pathogenic and invasive mechanisms of such host-pathogen interactions have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the essential functional modules involved in C. albicans-zebrafish interactions were investigated in this study. Adopting a systems biology approach, the early-stage and late-stage protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks for both C. albicans and zebrafish were constructed. By comparing PPI networks at the early and late stages of the infection process, several critical functional modules were identified in both pathogenic and defensive mechanisms. Functional modules in C. albicans, like those involved in hyphal morphogenesis, ion and small molecule transport, protein secretion, and shifts in carbon utilization, were seen to play important roles in pathogen invasion and damage caused to host cells. Moreover, the functional modules in zebrafish, such as those involved in immune response, apoptosis mechanisms, ion transport, protein secretion, and hemostasis-related processes, were found to be significant as defensive mechanisms during C. albicans infection. The essential functional modules thus determined could provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions during the infection process and thereby devise potential therapeutic strategies to treat C. albicans infection.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Potential impacts of electric vehicles on air quality in Taiwan

Li, Nan / I-Chun Tsai / Jen-Ping Chen / Qingyang He / Szu-Yu Chi / Tzung-May Fu / Yi-Chiu Lin

Science of the total environment. 2016 Oct. 01, v. 566-567

2016

Abstract: The prospective impacts of electric vehicle (EV) penetration on the air quality in Taiwan were evaluated using an air quality model with the assumption of an ambitious replacement of current light-duty vehicles under different power generation scenarios. ...

Abstract	The prospective impacts of electric vehicle (EV) penetration on the air quality in Taiwan were evaluated using an air quality model with the assumption of an ambitious replacement of current light-duty vehicles under different power generation scenarios. With full EV penetration (i.e., the replacement of all light-duty vehicles), CO, VOCs, NOx and PM2.5 emissions in Taiwan from a fleet of 20.6 million vehicles would be reduced by 1500, 165, 33.9 and 7.2Ggyrâ1, respectively, while electric sector NOx and SO2 emissions would be increased by up to 20.3 and 12.9Ggyrâ1, respectively, if the electricity to power EVs were provided by thermal power plants. The net impacts of these emission changes would be to reduce the annual mean surface concentrations of CO, VOCs, NOx and PM2.5 by about 260, 11.3, 3.3ppb and 2.1Î¼gmâ3, respectively, but to increase SO2 by 0.1ppb. Larger reductions tend to occur at time and place of higher ambient concentrations and during high pollution events. Greater benefits would clearly be attained if clean energy sources were fully encouraged. EV penetration would also reduce the mean peak-time surface O3 concentrations by up to 7ppb across Taiwan with the exception of the center of metropolitan Taipei where the concentration increased by <2ppb. Furthermore, full EV penetration would reduce annual days of O3 pollution episodes by ~40% and PM2.5 pollution episodes by 6â10%. Our findings offer important insights into the air quality impacts of EV and can provide useful information for potential mitigation actions.
Keywords	air quality ; electricity ; emissions ; models ; nitrogen content ; nitrogen oxides ; ozone ; particulates ; pollution ; power generation ; power plants ; renewable energy sources ; sulfur dioxide ; vehicles (equipment) ; volatile organic compounds ; Taiwan
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-1001
Size	p. 919-928.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	121506-1
ISSN	1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
ISSN (online)	1879-1026
ISSN	0048-9697
DOI	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.105
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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