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  1. Article ; Online: Federated End-to-End Unrolled Models for Magnetic Resonance Image Reconstruction

    Brett R. Levac / Marius Arvinte / Jonathan I. Tamir

    Bioengineering, Vol 10, Iss 364, p

    2023  Volume 364

    Abstract: Image reconstruction is the process of recovering an image from raw, under-sampled signal measurements, and is a critical step in diagnostic medical imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, data-driven methods have led to improved ... ...

    Abstract Image reconstruction is the process of recovering an image from raw, under-sampled signal measurements, and is a critical step in diagnostic medical imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, data-driven methods have led to improved image quality in MRI reconstruction using a limited number of measurements, but these methods typically rely on the existence of a large, centralized database of fully sampled scans for training. In this work, we investigate federated learning for MRI reconstruction using end-to-end unrolled deep learning models as a means of training global models across multiple clients (data sites), while keeping individual scans local. We empirically identify a low-data regime across a large number of heterogeneous scans, where a small number of training samples per client are available and non-collaborative models lead to performance drops. In this regime, we investigate the performance of adaptive federated optimization algorithms as a function of client data distribution and communication budget. Experimental results show that adaptive optimization algorithms are well suited for the federated learning of unrolled models, even in a limited-data regime (50 slices per data site), and that client-sided personalization can improve reconstruction quality for clients that did not participate in training.
    Keywords MRI reconstruction ; federated learning ; unrolled optimization ; accelerated MRI ; Technology ; T ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 006
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Mask exposure during COVID-19 changes emotional face processing.

    Elyssa M Barrick / Mark A Thornton / Diana I Tamir

    PLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10, p e

    2021  Volume 0258470

    Abstract: Faces are one of the key ways that we obtain social information about others. They allow people to identify individuals, understand conversational cues, and make judgements about others' mental states. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit the United States, ... ...

    Abstract Faces are one of the key ways that we obtain social information about others. They allow people to identify individuals, understand conversational cues, and make judgements about others' mental states. When the COVID-19 pandemic hit the United States, widespread mask-wearing practices were implemented, causing a shift in the way Americans typically interact. This introduction of masks into social exchanges posed a potential challenge-how would people make these important inferences about others when a large source of information was no longer available? We conducted two studies that investigated the impact of mask exposure on emotion perception. In particular, we measured how participants used facial landmarks (visual cues) and the expressed valence and arousal (affective cues), to make similarity judgements about pairs of emotion faces. Study 1 found that in August 2020, participants with higher levels of mask exposure used cues from the eyes to a greater extent when judging emotion similarity than participants with less mask exposure. Study 2 measured participants' emotion perception in both April and September 2020 -before and after widespread mask adoption-in the same group of participants to examine changes in the use of facial cues over time. Results revealed an overall increase in the use of visual cues from April to September. Further, as mask exposure increased, people with the most social interaction showed the largest increase in the use of visual facial cues. These results provide evidence that a shift has occurred in how people process faces such that the more people are interacting with others that are wearing masks, the more they have learned to focus on visual cues from the eye area of the face.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 150 ; 410
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The critical current of disordered superconductors near 0 K

    A. Doron / T. Levinson / F. Gorniaczyk / I. Tamir / D. Shahar

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 7

    Abstract: Increasing the critical current of superconductors has been a central scientific effort, but the fundamental understanding of critical currents near 0 K is lacking. Here, Doron et al. report that in disordered superconductors the critical current near 0 ... ...

    Abstract Increasing the critical current of superconductors has been a central scientific effort, but the fundamental understanding of critical currents near 0 K is lacking. Here, Doron et al. report that in disordered superconductors the critical current near 0 K is well explained by a thermal bi-stability where electrons thermally decouple from phonons in a discontinuous manner.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: The critical current of disordered superconductors near 0 K

    A. Doron / T. Levinson / F. Gorniaczyk / I. Tamir / D. Shahar

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 7

    Abstract: Increasing the critical current of superconductors has been a central scientific effort, but the fundamental understanding of critical currents near 0 K is lacking. Here, Doron et al. report that in disordered superconductors the critical current near 0 ... ...

    Abstract Increasing the critical current of superconductors has been a central scientific effort, but the fundamental understanding of critical currents near 0 K is lacking. Here, Doron et al. report that in disordered superconductors the critical current near 0 K is well explained by a thermal bi-stability where electrons thermally decouple from phonons in a discontinuous manner.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: The brain represents people as the mental states they habitually experience

    Mark A. Thornton / Miriam E. Weaverdyck / Diana I. Tamir

    Nature Communications, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 10

    Abstract: Social life requires us to store information about each person’s unique disposition. Here, the authors show that the brain represents people as the sums of the mental states that those people are believed to experience. ...

    Abstract Social life requires us to store information about each person’s unique disposition. Here, the authors show that the brain represents people as the sums of the mental states that those people are believed to experience.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: The brain represents people as the mental states they habitually experience

    Mark A. Thornton / Miriam E. Weaverdyck / Diana I. Tamir

    Nature Communications, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 10

    Abstract: Social life requires us to store information about each person’s unique disposition. Here, the authors show that the brain represents people as the sums of the mental states that those people are believed to experience. ...

    Abstract Social life requires us to store information about each person’s unique disposition. Here, the authors show that the brain represents people as the sums of the mental states that those people are believed to experience.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  7. Article ; Online: Wanting without enjoying

    Eshin Jolly / Diana I Tamir / Bethany Burum / Jason P Mitchell

    PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 4, p e

    The social value of sharing experiences.

    2019  Volume 0215318

    Abstract: Social connection can be a rich source of happiness. Humans routinely go out of their way to seek out social connection and avoid social isolation. What are the proximal forces that motivate people to share experiences with others? Here we used a novel ... ...

    Abstract Social connection can be a rich source of happiness. Humans routinely go out of their way to seek out social connection and avoid social isolation. What are the proximal forces that motivate people to share experiences with others? Here we used a novel experience-sharing and decision-making paradigm to understand the value of shared experiences. In seven experiments across Studies 1 and 2, participants demonstrated a strong motivation to engage in shared experiences. At the same time, participants did not report a commensurate increase in hedonic value or emotional amplification, suggesting that the motivation to share experiences need not derive from their immediate hedonic value. In Study 3, participants reported their explicit beliefs about the reasons people engage in shared experiences: Participants reported being motivated by the desire to forge a social connection. Together, these findings suggest that the desire to share an experience may be distinct from the subjective experience of achieving that state. People may be so driven to connect with each other that social experiences remain valuable even in the most minimalistic contexts.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 300
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: People represent their own mental states more distinctly than those of others

    Mark A. Thornton / Miriam E. Weaverdyck / Judith N. Mildner / Diana I. Tamir

    Nature Communications, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 9

    Abstract: The brain can represent the mental states of others, as well as those of the self. Here, the authors show that social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one's own states, compared to those of others, suggesting that we ... ...

    Abstract The brain can represent the mental states of others, as well as those of the self. Here, the authors show that social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one's own states, compared to those of others, suggesting that we represent our own mind with greater granularity.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

  9. Article ; Online: People represent their own mental states more distinctly than those of others

    Mark A. Thornton / Miriam E. Weaverdyck / Judith N. Mildner / Diana I. Tamir

    Nature Communications, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 9

    Abstract: The brain can represent the mental states of others, as well as those of the self. Here, the authors show that social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one's own states, compared to those of others, suggesting that we ... ...

    Abstract The brain can represent the mental states of others, as well as those of the self. Here, the authors show that social brain manifests more distinct activity patterns when thinking about one's own states, compared to those of others, suggesting that we represent our own mind with greater granularity.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

    More links

    Kategorien

    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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