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  1. Article ; Online: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on invasive fungal infections in Africa: What have we learned?

    Ibe, Chibuike

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) e0010720

    Abstract: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have been described as diseases of the poor. The mortality rate of the infections is comparable to that of malaria, HIV, and TB, yet the infections remain poorly funded, neglected in research, and policy at all levels of ...

    Abstract Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) have been described as diseases of the poor. The mortality rate of the infections is comparable to that of malaria, HIV, and TB, yet the infections remain poorly funded, neglected in research, and policy at all levels of human resources. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has further worsened the current state of management for IFIs. At the same time, response to COVID-19 has stirred and boosted vaccine production, vaccine substance manufacturing, and building of next-generation sequencing capacity and genomics data sharing network in the continent. Through collaboration and transdisciplinary research effort, these network and technology can be extended to encourage fungal research to address health issues of existing and emerging fungal pathogens.
    MeSH term(s) Africa/epidemiology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Humans ; Invasive Fungal Infections/epidemiology ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Pandemics/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010720
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Integrated healthcare approach can curb the increasing cases of cryptococcosis in Africa.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Okoye, Chinonyelum Annette

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 8, Page(s) e0010625

    Abstract: Cryptococcosis is a neglected tropical infection and a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in HIV-positive persons in Africa. Efforts to manage HIV infection have not had any significant impact on the fatalities due to cryptococcosis. An ... ...

    Abstract Cryptococcosis is a neglected tropical infection and a major cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in HIV-positive persons in Africa. Efforts to manage HIV infection have not had any significant impact on the fatalities due to cryptococcosis. An integrated healthcare approach that includes universal care coverage for Africans, expanded national care guidelines to include CrAg screening for vulnerable groups in all African countries, collaborative research, infection surveillance, and data sharing within Africa will mark a turnaround point.
    MeSH term(s) Africa/epidemiology ; Antigens, Fungal ; Cryptococcosis/diagnosis ; Cryptococcosis/epidemiology ; Cryptococcosis/prevention & control ; Cryptococcus ; Delivery of Health Care, Integrated ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Humans
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Fungal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010625
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Recent advances and challenges in the early diagnosis and management of invasive fungal infections in Africa.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Otu, Akaninyene Asuquo

    FEMS yeast research

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1

    Abstract: Invasive fungal infections are a serious concern globally, especially in African settings which are typified by poorly funded and fragile healthcare systems. Low performance diagnostics, limited therapeutics and poor societal awareness of invasive fungal ...

    Abstract Invasive fungal infections are a serious concern globally, especially in African settings which are typified by poorly funded and fragile healthcare systems. Low performance diagnostics, limited therapeutics and poor societal awareness of invasive fungal infections are some of the perennial challenges which have contributed to the unacceptably high death rates from these serious infections. However, recent advances have been recorded in fungal diagnostics and therapeutics development. Research into the development of vaccines to prevent fungal disease is beginning to yield promising results. Here we highlight key successes recorded and gaps in this journey and argue that national governments and relevant stakeholders need to do more to prioritise invasive fungal infections. Pragmatic and context-specific measures are proposed to mitigate the peculiar challenges Africa faces in tackling invasive fungal infections.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Invasive Fungal Infections/diagnosis ; Invasive Fungal Infections/drug therapy ; Invasive Fungal Infections/epidemiology ; Mycoses/diagnosis ; Mycoses/drug therapy ; Mycoses/epidemiology ; Africa/epidemiology ; Early Diagnosis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2036775-2
    ISSN 1567-1364 ; 1567-1356
    ISSN (online) 1567-1364
    ISSN 1567-1356
    DOI 10.1093/femsyr/foac048
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5454: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article: Emergomycosis in Africa: Time to Pay Attention to This Emerging Deadly Fungal Infection.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Mnyambwa, Nicholaus P / Mfinanga, Sayoki G

    International journal of general medicine

    2023  Volume 16, Page(s) 2313–2322

    Abstract: Emergomycosis is an emerging deadly infectious disease caused primarily by a little-known airborne ... ...

    Abstract Emergomycosis is an emerging deadly infectious disease caused primarily by a little-known airborne pathogen
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2452220-X
    ISSN 1178-7074
    ISSN 1178-7074
    DOI 10.2147/IJGM.S403797
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Fungal cell wall: An underexploited target for antifungal therapies.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Munro, Carol A

    PLoS pathogens

    2021  Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) e1009470

    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Cell Wall/drug effects ; Cell Wall/metabolism ; Chitin/metabolism ; Chitin Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Chitin Synthase/metabolism ; Fungal Proteins/drug effects ; Fungal Proteins/metabolism ; Fungi/drug effects ; Fungi/metabolism ; Glucans/metabolism ; Glucosyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors ; Glucosyltransferases/metabolism ; Membrane Glycoproteins/drug effects ; Membrane Glycoproteins/metabolism ; Virulence Factors/antagonists & inhibitors ; Virulence Factors/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Fungal Proteins ; Glucans ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; Virulence Factors ; mannoproteins ; Chitin (1398-61-4) ; Glucosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.-) ; glucan synthase (EC 2.4.1.-) ; Chitin Synthase (EC 2.4.1.16)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2205412-1
    ISSN 1553-7374 ; 1553-7366
    ISSN (online) 1553-7374
    ISSN 1553-7366
    DOI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009470
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Fungal Cell Wall Proteins and Signaling Pathways Form a Cytoprotective Network to Combat Stresses.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Munro, Carol A

    Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

    2021  Volume 7, Issue 9

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Candida
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2784229-0
    ISSN 2309-608X ; 2309-608X
    ISSN (online) 2309-608X
    ISSN 2309-608X
    DOI 10.3390/jof7090739
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Our pursuit for effective antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall components: where are we?

    Ibe, Chibuike / Oladele, Rita O. / Alamir, Omran

    International journal of antimicrobial agents. 2022 Jan., v. 59, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Invasive mycotic infections present unacceptably high mortality rates in humans. These infections are initiated by the fungal cell wall, which mediates host–fungi interactions. The cell wall is associated with the physiology of fungi and is involved in ... ...

    Abstract Invasive mycotic infections present unacceptably high mortality rates in humans. These infections are initiated by the fungal cell wall, which mediates host–fungi interactions. The cell wall is associated with the physiology of fungi and is involved in essential processes in the entire cell functionality. Components of the fungal cell wall are synthesised and modified in the cell wall space by the activities of cell wall proteins through a range of signalling pathways that have been described uniquely in many fungi, therefore making them suitable drug targets. The echinocandin class of cell-wall-active drugs blocks cell wall β-1,3-glucan biosynthesis through inhibiting the catalytic subunit of the synthetic protein complex. Resistance to echinocandins can occur through the acquisition of single nucleotide polymorphisms and/or through activation of cell wall signalling pathways resulting in an altered cell wall proteome and elevated chitin content in the cell wall. Countering the cell wall remodelling process will enhance the effectiveness of β-1,3-glucan-active antifungal agents. Cell surface proteins are also important antifungal targets that can be used to develop rapid and robust diagnostics and more effective therapeutics. The cell wall remains a crucial target in fungi that needs to be harnessed to combat mycotic infections.
    Keywords biosynthesis ; cell walls ; chitin ; diagnostic techniques ; drugs ; echinocandins ; fungi ; mortality ; protein subunits ; proteome ; therapeutics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1093977-5
    ISSN 1872-7913 ; 0924-8579
    ISSN (online) 1872-7913
    ISSN 0924-8579
    DOI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106477
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    Zs.A 3368: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article ; Online: Cryptococcosis in Africa: What the data tell us.

    Ibe, Chibuike / Okoye, Chinonyelum Annette / Nweze, Emeka / Otu, Akaninyene

    Medical mycology

    2023  Volume 61, Issue 6

    Abstract: Cryptococcosis is a neglected tropical disease and the main cause of fungal-related deaths in HIV-positive persons in Africa. It is an AIDS-defining illness that has almost surpassed tuberculosis (TB) in mortality despite wide coverage with ... ...

    Abstract Cryptococcosis is a neglected tropical disease and the main cause of fungal-related deaths in HIV-positive persons in Africa. It is an AIDS-defining illness that has almost surpassed tuberculosis (TB) in mortality despite wide coverage with antiretroviral therapy. What is known about the cryptococcosis burden in Africa is from estimations based on data from a few studies on the infection burden and associated complications. Consequently, the projected implications of cryptococcosis in Africa have been based on these estimations. This systematic review is aimed at providing unique and up-to-date data on the burden of cryptococcosis in Africa using published hospital-based research data on cryptococcosis in HIV infected and uninfected persons. The review also focused on providing temporal data on the availability of diagnostic and therapeutic options for cryptococcosis in Africa. From our results, about 40 948 cases of cryptococcosis were reported in Africa from 1969 to 2021, and the highest prevalence of cryptococcosis was from southern Africa. The most isolated species was Cryptococcus neoformans 42.4% (17 710/41 801) and only 1.3% (549/41 801) isolates were C. gattii. C. neoformans (serotype A) VN I 64.5% (918/1522) was the most prevalent serotype in Africa, while C. gattii (serotype C) VG IV was thought to pose a huge danger. However, C. neoformans (serotype A) VN I continued to be the major threat in Africa. Due to the limited availability of molecular typing methods and the widespread use of culture, direct microscopy, and serological techniques for diagnosis, 23 542 isolates were uncharacterised. Amphotericin B and flucytosine combination therapy is highly recommended for treatment of cryptococcal meningitis. However, these drugs are expensive and remain largely unavailable in most African countries. Amphotericin B requires laboratory facilities to monitor for toxicity. Although fluconazole monotherapy is the readily available treatment option for cryptococcosis, drug resistance, and high mortality have been recorded in majority of cases in Africa. The lack of awareness and paucity of published data on cryptococcosis are likely to have contributed to the underestimation of cases in Africa and led to underprioritisation of this important disease.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Amphotericin B/therapeutic use ; Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Cryptococcosis/drug therapy ; Cryptococcosis/epidemiology ; Cryptococcosis/veterinary ; Cryptococcus neoformans ; Cryptococcus gattii ; Africa/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Amphotericin B (7XU7A7DROE) ; Antifungal Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1421796-x
    ISSN 1460-2709 ; 1369-3786
    ISSN (online) 1460-2709
    ISSN 1369-3786
    DOI 10.1093/mmy/myad049
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 520: Show issues Location:
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  9. Article ; Online: Invasive candidiasis in Africa, what is the current picture?

    Okoye, Chinonyelum A / Nweze, Emeka / Ibe, Chibuike

    Pathogens and disease

    2022  Volume 80, Issue 1

    Abstract: Invasive candidiasis is a serious, progressive, and potentially deadly infection that can affect the brain, heart, bones, eyes, and other parts of the body. It is associated with risk factors such as the use of indwelling medical devices, prolonged ... ...

    Abstract Invasive candidiasis is a serious, progressive, and potentially deadly infection that can affect the brain, heart, bones, eyes, and other parts of the body. It is associated with risk factors such as the use of indwelling medical devices, prolonged hospital stay, and broad-spectrum antibiotics use. It is especially seen in immunocompromised individuals such as patients with prolonged hospital stay, gastrointestinal surgery, haematological malignancies, and respiratory diseases. We have conducted a systematic search of literature using a select group of databases and appropriate search words and found that in Africa, there are 18 293 documented/reported cases of invasive candidiasis in the last few decades (1976-2021) and 16 636(91%) were cases of candidaemia. South Africa had the highest number of reported cases-15 002(82%), which may be due to underreporting of cases in other countries. HIV positive persons with invasive candidiasis in Africa accounted for 1 052(5.8%). Candida albicans was the most frequently isolated species 6 328(32.6%), followed by Candida parapsilosis 5 910(30.4%), and Candida auris 1 505(7.8%). Due to the affordability and availability of blood culture, it was used for diagnosis in most of the studies examined, while a few studies combined other techniques and just three studies from two countries used serological tests. Echinocandins are recommended as first-line therapy but are only available in 12 countries and are highly priced. The use of fluconazole, because of its availability and relatively inexpensive nature, has led to increased resistance of Candida species to the drug.
    MeSH term(s) Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use ; Candida ; Candidiasis ; Candidiasis, Invasive/diagnosis ; Candidiasis, Invasive/drug therapy ; Candidiasis, Invasive/epidemiology ; Fluconazole/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
    Chemical Substances Antifungal Agents ; Fluconazole (8VZV102JFY)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Systematic Review
    ISSN 2049-632X
    ISSN (online) 2049-632X
    DOI 10.1093/femspd/ftac012
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Advancing disease genomics beyond COVID-19 and reducing health disparities: what does the future hold for Africa?

    Ibe, Chibuike / Otu, Akaninyene Asuquo / Mnyambwa, Nicholaus P

    Briefings in functional genomics

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 3, Page(s) 241–249

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in high-throughput sequencing technology as an essential public health tool. Scaling up and operationalizing genomics in Africa is crucial as enhanced capacity for genome sequencing could address key health problems ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has ushered in high-throughput sequencing technology as an essential public health tool. Scaling up and operationalizing genomics in Africa is crucial as enhanced capacity for genome sequencing could address key health problems relevant to African populations. High-quality genomics research can be leveraged to improve diagnosis, understand the aetiology of unexplained illnesses, improve surveillance of infectious diseases and inform efficient control and therapeutic methods of known, rare and emerging infectious diseases. Achieving these within Africa requires strong commitment from stakeholders. A roadmap is needed to guide training of scientists, infrastructural development, research funding, international collaboration as well as promote public-private partnerships. Although the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly boosted genomics capacity in Africa, the continent still lags other regions. Here, we highlighted key initiatives in genomics research and efforts to address health challenges facing the diverse and fast-growing populations on the continent. We explore the scalability of genomic tools and techniques to tackle a broader range of infectious diseases in Africa, a continent that desperately requires a boost from genomic science.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19 ; Pandemics ; Africa/epidemiology ; Genomics ; Communicable Diseases/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-10-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2540916-5
    ISSN 2041-2657 ; 2041-2649 ; 2041-2647
    ISSN (online) 2041-2657
    ISSN 2041-2649 ; 2041-2647
    DOI 10.1093/bfgp/elac040
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