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Article ; Online: Review of microplastics in museum specimens: An under-utilized tool to better understand the Plasticene.

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Das, Rocktim Ramen / Reimer, James Davis

2023 Volume 191, Page(s) 114922

Abstract: This study summarises the status of microplastic research in marine and freshwater specimens in natural museum collections around the world. Abundances, distributions, and types of microplastics in the archived collections are discussed. Museum ... ...

Abstract	This study summarises the status of microplastic research in marine and freshwater specimens in natural museum collections around the world. Abundances, distributions, and types of microplastics in the archived collections are discussed. Museum collections can fill knowledge gaps on evolution of microplastic pollution before and during the Plasticene era. The specimens in these studies, ranging from plankton to vertebrates, were collected and archived between 1900 and 2019, and are dominated by specimens from marine ecosystems. All the specimens included in this review were preserved by freezing or in ethanol/formaldehyde except for specimens in one study that were preserved via cryomilling. Microfibers were the most common microplastics in the reviewed studies. We recommend more microplastic studies over a wider taxonomic range of species and across a longer span of years utilizing archival specimen collections around the world in order to establish reference points and develop temporal trends for microplastic pollution of the environment.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Microplastics ; Plastics ; Ecosystem ; Museums ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis ; Environmental Monitoring
Chemical Substances	Microplastics ; Plastics ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114922
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Article ; Online: Review of microplastics in museum specimens: An under-utilized tool to better understand the Plasticene

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Das, Rocktim Ramen / Reimer, James Davis

Marine Pollution Bulletin. 2023 June, v. 191 p.114922-

2023

Abstract	This study summarises the status of microplastic research in marine and freshwater specimens in natural museum collections around the world. Abundances, distributions, and types of microplastics in the archived collections are discussed. Museum collections can fill knowledge gaps on evolution of microplastic pollution before and during the Plasticene era. The specimens in these studies, ranging from plankton to vertebrates, were collected and archived between 1900 and 2019, and are dominated by specimens from marine ecosystems. All the specimens included in this review were preserved by freezing or in ethanol/formaldehyde except for specimens in one study that were preserved via cryomilling. Microfibers were the most common microplastics in the reviewed studies. We recommend more microplastic studies over a wider taxonomic range of species and across a longer span of years utilizing archival specimen collections around the world in order to establish reference points and develop temporal trends for microplastic pollution of the environment.
Keywords	ethanol ; evolution ; formaldehyde ; freshwater ; marine pollution ; microplastics ; museums ; plankton ; Microplastic ingestion ; Museum specimen ; Microplastic fiber ; Archival collections ; Historical collections
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-06
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114922
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Article ; Online: Abundance and distribution of marine litter on the beaches of Okinawa Island, Japan.

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Das, Rocktim Ramen / Jamodiong, Emmeline A / Borghi, Stefano / Manzano, Geminne G / Hakim, Agus Alim / Reimer, James Davis

Marine pollution bulletin

2024 Volume 200, Page(s) 116036

Abstract: This study evaluated the distribution and abundance of marine litter on 30 beaches around Okinawa Island, Japan. Beach quality indices and multivariate statistical analyses were used to assess the quality of the beaches and their pollution patterns. A ... ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the distribution and abundance of marine litter on 30 beaches around Okinawa Island, Japan. Beach quality indices and multivariate statistical analyses were used to assess the quality of the beaches and their pollution patterns. A total of 11,626 items weighing 513.49 kg with an average density of 0.13 ± 0.10 items/m
MeSH term(s)	Environmental Monitoring ; Japan ; Waste Products/analysis ; Bathing Beaches ; Plastics/analysis
Chemical Substances	Waste Products ; Plastics
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116036
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Article ; Online: Physicochemical analysis of water and sediments of Usuma Dam, Abuja, Nigeria

Ilechukwu Ifenna / Olusina Tolulope Abisola / Echeta Odinaka Chidinma

Analele Universităţii "Ovidius" Constanţa: Seria Chimie, Vol 31, Iss 2, Pp 80-

2020 Volume 87

Abstract: Usuma Dam is the major source of potable water in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of water and sediment of the dam was assessed in this study to determine its quality. Electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, ... ...

Abstract	Usuma Dam is the major source of potable water in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of water and sediment of the dam was assessed in this study to determine its quality. Electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, phosphate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, chloride, total hardness, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate were determined in the water samples. Total organic matter, total organic carbon and particle size were among the parameters analyzed in sediments. The parameters were within recommended limits except for biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand which were more than the recommended limit of 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively. The total organic matter and the total organic carbon in the sediment samples were between 1.56±0.27 – 2.85±0.20 % and 0.13±0.03 – 0.96±0.03 % respectively. The particle size was in the following order: sand > silt > clay. The results of this study confirmed the presence of high organic and inorganic matter in the dam from non-point pollution sources occasioned by storm water from poorly planned settlements around the dam and runoffs from agricultural practices.
Keywords	physicochemical parameter ; pollution ; usuma dam ; sediment ; water quality ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
Subject code	550
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Physicochemical analysis of water and sediments of Usuma Dam, Abuja, Nigeria

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Olusina, Tolulope Abisola / Echeta, Odinaka Chidinma

Analele Universității "Ovidius" Constanța. 2020 July 01, v. 31, no. 2

2020

Abstract	Usuma Dam is the major source of potable water in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of water and sediment of the dam was assessed in this study to determine its quality. Electrical conductivity, pH, nitrate, phosphate, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, chloride, total hardness, phosphate, nitrate and sulfate were determined in the water samples. Total organic matter, total organic carbon and particle size were among the parameters analyzed in sediments. The parameters were within recommended limits except for biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand which were more than the recommended limit of 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L respectively. The total organic matter and the total organic carbon in the sediment samples were between 1.56±0.27 – 2.85±0.20 % and 0.13±0.03 – 0.96±0.03 % respectively. The particle size was in the following order: sand > silt > clay. The results of this study confirmed the presence of high organic and inorganic matter in the dam from non-point pollution sources occasioned by storm water from poorly planned settlements around the dam and runoffs from agricultural practices.
Keywords	biochemical oxygen demand ; chemical oxygen demand ; chlorides ; clay ; drinking water ; electrical conductivity ; inorganic matter ; nitrates ; nonpoint source pollution ; oxygen ; pH ; particle size ; phosphates ; sand ; silt ; stormwater ; sulfates ; total organic carbon ; turbidity ; water analysis ; water hardness ; Nigeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0701
Size	p. 80-87.
Publishing place	Sciendo
Document type	Article
ISSN	2286-038X
DOI	10.2478/auoc-2020-0015
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Article ; Online: Impact of polystyrene microplastic exposure on lipid profile and oxidative stress status of male and female Wistar rats.

Nnoruka, Udoka Chukwudubem / Okonkwo, Chinedu Joseph / Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Okonkwo, Chioma Joy / Belonwu, Donatus Chuka

Environmental analysis, health and toxicology

2022 Volume 37, Issue 3, Page(s) e2022024–0

Abstract: Microplastics (MPs) are currently global environmental pollutants, and their associated health risks cannot be ignored. However, research on MP toxicity in mammals is limited. We investigated the effects of polystyrene microplastic (PS-MP) particles on ... ...

Abstract	Microplastics (MPs) are currently global environmental pollutants, and their associated health risks cannot be ignored. However, research on MP toxicity in mammals is limited. We investigated the effects of polystyrene microplastic (PS-MP) particles on the lipid profile and oxidative stress markers of Wistar rats. Two forms of PS-MP-pristine polystyrene and Styrofoam microplastics-particles of diameter <5 mm were used in this study. Each form was separately incorporated into rat feed in varying proportions of 1, 5 and 10%. A total of seventy rats (thirty-five male and thirty-five female rats) were used for this study and were separately distributed into seven groups of five rats each. The rats were then randomly assigned to a control group which received normal rat feed and water and six (6) test groups which were fed varying percentages (1, 5 and 10) of polystyrene microplastics diet for a period of 90 days. The rats were sacrificed under mild diethyl ether anesthesia 12 hr after cessation of treatment and blood was collected for lipid profile and oxidative stress analyses. Results obtained showed that oral exposure to microplastics caused decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the rats. In contrast, there were no significant changes in oxidative stress parameters in the rats following microplastics exposure. Atherogenic indices in the PS-MP exposed rats differed according to gender. These results indicated that PS-MP dietary exposure may lead to dyslipidemia and male rats had higher cardiovascular risk.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-07
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2671-9525
ISSN (online)	2671-9525
DOI	10.5620/eaht.2022024
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Article ; Online: Preliminary characterization and probabilistic risk assessment of microplastics and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri (cassava flake), a common staple food consumed in West Africa.

Enyoh, Christian Ebere / Wang, Qingyue / Rabin, Mominul Haque / Bakare, Rasheed Oluwafemi / Dadiel, Joseph Longji / Shangrong, Wu / Lu, Senlin / Ilechukwu, Ifenna

Environmental analysis, health and toxicology

2023 Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) e2023005–0

Abstract: Garri from cassava is one of the most consumed foods in West Africa, hence this research was conducted to examine microplastics (MPs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri from Nigeria (West Africa) and Japan. This is the first investigation on ... ...

Abstract	Garri from cassava is one of the most consumed foods in West Africa, hence this research was conducted to examine microplastics (MPs) and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in garri from Nigeria (West Africa) and Japan. This is the first investigation on MPs in garri samples that has been reported in the literature. The study analyzed both packaged and unpackaged vended garri samples using microscopic/spectroscopic and X-ray fluorescence techniques for MPs and PTEs respectively. Microplastic particles in the garri samples ranged from (or were between) 2.00±2.00 - 175.00±25.16 particles/50 with > 90 % as fragments and consisted of polyacrylamide, polyethylene terepthalate, polyvinyl alcohol, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride acrylonitrile, polyethylene chlorinated, polypropylene with silicate mix, polychloroprene and polyethylene chlorosulphonated. The mean concentration of PTEs raged from ND to 0.07 mg/g for Cr and Mn, 0.73 to 5.63 mg/g for Fe, ND to 0.57mg/g for Co, 0.23 to 1.21 mg/g for Ni, 0.15 to 1.53 mg/g for Cu, and 0.12 to 0.63 mg/g for Zn. However, their daily intake was low for both adult and children as with the MPs. The sources of MPs and PTEs were mainly from the garri production processes, atmospheric dusts and during packaging. The non-carcinogenic risk for all samples was low for MPs while in openly vended garri, Ni and Cr in all sample poses carcinogenic risks. There is a need to improve indigenous garri processing techniques to minimize contamination. This research emphasizes the critical necessity to understand the consequences of MPs on human health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-20
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2671-9525
ISSN (online)	2671-9525
DOI	10.5620/eaht.2023005
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Article: Spatiotemporal variations in marine litter along the Gulf of Guinea coastline, Araromi seaside, Nigeria

Fadare, Oluniyi O. / Akinbile, Adewale A. / Makinde, Oladotun Wasiu / Ogundele, K.T. / Ajagbe, Eyitayo F. / Ilechukwu, Ifenna

Marine pollution bulletin. 2022 Oct., v. 183

2022

Abstract: This study assessed the seasonal variation in the magnitude of marine litter along the Gulf of Guinea coastline, Araromi seaside, Nigeria with a survey of twenty sampling sites. The total number of litter items collected was 29,029 comprising 7358 and 21, ...

Abstract	This study assessed the seasonal variation in the magnitude of marine litter along the Gulf of Guinea coastline, Araromi seaside, Nigeria with a survey of twenty sampling sites. The total number of litter items collected was 29,029 comprising 7358 and 21,671 items in the dry and rainy season respectively. The average number of items per square meter was higher in the rainy season (1.80 ± 0.35) than in the dry season (0.61 ± 0.19). Plastic materials dominated the litter composition with 86 % and 91.8 % in the dry and rainy season respectively. The beach cleanliness assessed as clean coast index (CCI) depicted the beach as dirty (12.26 ± 3.74) during the dry season and extremely dirty (36.13 ± 6.91) in the rainy season. The hazardous item index (HII) also showed the coastline was littered with hazardous items. These results provide baseline data for marine litter management along the Gulf of Guinea coastlines and other coastlines in Africa.
Keywords	coasts ; dry season ; marine debris ; marine pollution ; seasonal variation ; surveys ; wet season ; Gulf of Guinea ; Nigeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-10
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2001296-2
ISSN	1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
ISSN (online)	1879-3363
ISSN	0025-326X
DOI	10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114048
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Article: Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soils and health risk consequences of human exposure within the vicinity of hot mix asphalt plants in Rivers State, Nigeria

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Osuji, Leo C. / Okoli, Chukwunonso Peter / Onyema, Mark O. / Ndukwe, Gloria I.

Environmental monitoring and assessment. 2021 Aug., v. 193, no. 8

2021

Abstract: This study evaluated the level of heavy metal pollution in soils within the vicinity of hot mix asphalt (HMA) plants and the health risk consequences of human exposure to the heavy metals. Soil samples collected from two asphalt plants during dry and ... ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the level of heavy metal pollution in soils within the vicinity of hot mix asphalt (HMA) plants and the health risk consequences of human exposure to the heavy metals. Soil samples collected from two asphalt plants during dry and rainy seasons were analyzed for Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Zn with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Health risk indices were assessed as chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR) while the degree of pollution was assessed with geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF). The pollution assessment revealed that the soil samples were moderately to highly polluted with Cd. In both seasons, Zn and Mn, respectively, had the highest CDI values for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal route for both asphalt plants while Cd has the least CDI values for all the routes in both plants. The HQ and HI values for all the metals were less than 1.00E + 00 indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to any of the metals. Furthermore, the dermal route was found to be the least likely model for health risks associated with human exposure to soil heavy metals within the vicinity of the plants. The CR values for the metals were also within threshold value indicating non-significant cancer risk from exposure to the metals. Though no significant health risks were observed in the study, clean and efficient production of hot mix asphalt should be encouraged to minimize health risks and environmental pollution during production and usage.
Keywords	atomic absorption spectrometry ; bitumen ; breathing ; carcinogenicity ; heavy metals ; humans ; ingestion ; models ; risk ; soil ; Nigeria
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-08
Size	p. 461.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-021-09208-6
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Assessment of heavy metal pollution in soils and health risk consequences of human exposure within the vicinity of hot mix asphalt plants in Rivers State, Nigeria.

Ilechukwu, Ifenna / Osuji, Leo C / Okoli, Chukwunonso Peter / Onyema, Mark O / Ndukwe, Gloria I

Environmental monitoring and assessment

2021 Volume 193, Issue 8, Page(s) 461

Abstract	This study evaluated the level of heavy metal pollution in soils within the vicinity of hot mix asphalt (HMA) plants and the health risk consequences of human exposure to the heavy metals. Soil samples collected from two asphalt plants during dry and rainy seasons were analyzed for Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn, Cd, Pb, and Zn with atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Health risk indices were assessed as chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR) while the degree of pollution was assessed with geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and contamination factor (CF). The pollution assessment revealed that the soil samples were moderately to highly polluted with Cd. In both seasons, Zn and Mn, respectively, had the highest CDI values for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal route for both asphalt plants while Cd has the least CDI values for all the routes in both plants. The HQ and HI values for all the metals were less than 1.00E + 00 indicating no non-carcinogenic risk from exposure to any of the metals. Furthermore, the dermal route was found to be the least likely model for health risks associated with human exposure to soil heavy metals within the vicinity of the plants. The CR values for the metals were also within threshold value indicating non-significant cancer risk from exposure to the metals. Though no significant health risks were observed in the study, clean and efficient production of hot mix asphalt should be encouraged to minimize health risks and environmental pollution during production and usage.
MeSH term(s)	China ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental Pollution/analysis ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons ; Metals, Heavy/analysis ; Nigeria ; Risk Assessment ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants/analysis
Chemical Substances	Hydrocarbons ; Metals, Heavy ; Soil ; Soil Pollutants ; asphalt (8052-42-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-03
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	782621-7
ISSN	1573-2959 ; 0167-6369
ISSN (online)	1573-2959
ISSN	0167-6369
DOI	10.1007/s10661-021-09208-6
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