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Article ; Online: The Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Invasive Fungal Infections at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in 2020–2022

Ariella Alessandro / Nisa Fauziah / Imam Megantara / Rudi Wisaksana / Intan Mauli Warma Dewi

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, Vol 10, Iss 4, Pp 199-

2023 Volume 206

Abstract: Introduction. Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is increasingly common in patients at risk, especially those with impaired immune response. In Indonesia, there is currently a low prevalence of IFI which may be influenced by challenges in diagnosis. This ... ...

Abstract	Introduction. Invasive fungal infection (IFI) is increasingly common in patients at risk, especially those with impaired immune response. In Indonesia, there is currently a low prevalence of IFI which may be influenced by challenges in diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of IFI patients in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. Methods. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital. Data were collected using medical records of IFI patients diagnosed between 2020 and 2022 which were selected using total sampling method. Demographic data, clinical symptoms, radiological appearance, and laboratory results were recorded. Results. The prevalence of IFI in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital between 2020 and 2022 was 0,04% (40 per 100,000 patients). The most common cause of invasive fungal infection was Cryptococcus spp. and Candida spp. Fever and loss of consciousness were the two most common signs and symptoms found in this study. HIV/AIDS was present in 51,4% of cases. The diagnostic test was mostly done with cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) examination. Lung involvement was common, appearing as consolidation, infiltration, and ground glass opacity in the lungs. The mortality rate of IFI patients was 51,4%. Conclusions. The prevalence of IFI in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital was quite low, with HIV/AIDS as the most common risk factor. However, there was a high mortality rate found this study is high. Thus, timely diagnosis and antifungal treatment induction should be considered to improve the outcome of invasive fungal infection patients.
Keywords	invasive fungal disease ; invasive fungal infection ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
Subject code	610
Language	Indonesian
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia-Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Potency of NTHi lic1A Gene as a Biomarker in Determining The Severity of Post-Viral Acute Rhinosinusitis

Imam Megantara / Ronny Lesmana / Nova Sylviana / Sunarjati Soedigdoadi / Teti Madiadipoera

Indonesian Biomedical Journal, Vol 13, Iss 3, Pp 303-

2021 Volume 9

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The lic1A gene is an important virulence factor for non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi), which allows its translocation from the nasopharynx into the sinonasal cavity and modulates more severe inflammatory processes. This study is aimed for ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: The lic1A gene is an important virulence factor for non-typeable H. influenzae (NTHi), which allows its translocation from the nasopharynx into the sinonasal cavity and modulates more severe inflammatory processes. This study is aimed for identifying the potential correlation between the NTHi lic1A gene expressions and the severity of post-viral acute rhinosinusitis. METHODS: Sixty patients who were diagnosed with post-viral acute rhinosinusitis, were recruited from an ENT clinic in a referral hospital, in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. All patients underwent a historical assessment and ENT examination. The nasal specimen was taken from the patient’s middle meatal. The NTHi lic1A gene expression was detected using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS: We observed that eight patients had the NTHi lic1A (+), with a strong correlation toward the dominant symptoms (nasal obstruction and discharge). In addition, the symptom’s duration of the NTHi lic1A (+) was twice longer than patients with the NTHi lic1A (-). Its severity was significantly more different between the two groups (p=0.034). CONCLUSION: Taken together, the presence of the NTHi lic1A gene is significantly associated with the severity of the disease and the symptom’s duration. Thus, the NTHi lic1A gene could potentially be a good marker for assessing the severity of post-viral acute rhinosinusitis cases in the future. KEYWORDS: H. influenzae, rhinosinusitis, nasal obstruction, virulence factors
Keywords	Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Pattern of Bacteria, Antibiotic Uses and Sensitivity among Ear, Nose, and Throat Infectious Disease in Otolaryngology Ward in Tertiary Hospital

Yolla Sri Agustina / Imam Megantara / Arif Dermawan

International Journal of Integrated Health Sciences, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 39-

2019 Volume 47

Abstract: Objective: To provide an overview of antibiotic use, bacterial patterns and sensitivity to antibiotics in the otolaryngology ward. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with total sampling method from medical record data of otolaryngology inpatients ...

Abstract	Objective: To provide an overview of antibiotic use, bacterial patterns and sensitivity to antibiotics in the otolaryngology ward. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, with total sampling method from medical record data of otolaryngology inpatients that use antibiotics for the period of January 1, 2016–June 30, 2016. Exclusion criteria are incomplete patient medical records and chemotherapy or radiotherapy patients. The variables studied were antibiotic use, bacterial pattern and susceptibility. Results: Among 276 subjects included in the inclusion criteria, the most widely used are single antibiotics (98.9%), generally used for 2–3 days (73.9%), via intravenous lines (92%), and with indications as empirical+prophylaxis (77.5%). Commonly used antibiotics are cefazolin (42.51%), ceftriaxone (29.54%), and cefotaxime (20.76%). The most common bacteria were E. coli (36.36%) and the most sensitive types of antibiotics were meropenem, amikacin, and tigecyclin, while the most resistant antibiotics were ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. Conclusions: The majority of antibiotics used in the otolaryngology treatment room are cefazolin as prophylaxis. E. coli were the most found culture results and the most sensitive types of antibiotics, namely meropenem, amikacin, and tigecyclin, while the most resistant antibiotics were ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftriaxone. Keywords: Antibiotics, antibiotic sensitivity, bacterial pattern, ears, nose, throat
Keywords	antibiotics ; antibiotic sensitivity ; bacterial pattern ; ears ; nose ; throat ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Susceptibility to Community Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Gan Ee Xian / Imam Megantara / Sharon Gondodiputro

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 5, Iss 2, Pp 64-

A Preliminary Study

2018 Volume 68

Abstract: Background: The Staphylococcus aureus infection is a leading cause of infection around the world. Due to the introduction of antibiotics, a strain called Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged and occured in hospitalized patients worldwide. ... ...

Abstract	Background: The Staphylococcus aureus infection is a leading cause of infection around the world. Due to the introduction of antibiotics, a strain called Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) has emerged and occured in hospitalized patients worldwide. However around 1990, this infection had been detected among healthy people in the community without previous health care contact, known as community associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). The objectives of this study was to identify the susceptibility to CA-MRSA among people who came to Puskesmas Jatinangor, West Java, Indonesia. Methods: A descriptive study using purposive sampling was carried out from September to October 2014 with data obtained through anterior nasal swab of 65 patients from Puskesmas Jatinangor who fulfilled the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Samples were transported to the microbiology lab of Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran and planted on blood agar for culturing, then identified through gram staining, catalase and coagulase tests. Lastly tested for antibiotic resistance and the zone of inhibition measuring ≤21mm were classified as positive MRSA. The collected data were presented using tables. Results: Out of 65 samples that were collected and tested, 17 samples (26%) were Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) carriers; 6 samples (9%) were positive with MRSA isolates; 6/17 of the S. aureus are MRSA. Conclusions: People who come to Puskesmas Jatinangor show a significantly high proportion of susceptibility to CA-MRS.
Keywords	Community associated methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; community associated methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus ; nasal swab ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Murine typhus is a common cause of acute febrile illness in Bandung, Indonesia.

Silvita Fitri Riswari / Susantina Prodjosoewojo / Siti Rasnawati Mony / Imam Megantara / Shelly Iskandar / Wulan Mayasari / Henhen Heryaman / Quirijn de Mast / Andre van der Ven / Herman Kosasih / Bachti Alisjahbana

PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 7, p e

2023 Volume 0283135

Abstract: Murine typhus (MT), an infection caused by the gram-negative bacteria Rickettsia typhi (R. typhi), is a significant cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) in Southeast Asia but is rarely reported in Indonesia. The current study aimed to describe the ... ...

Abstract	Murine typhus (MT), an infection caused by the gram-negative bacteria Rickettsia typhi (R. typhi), is a significant cause of acute febrile illness (AFI) in Southeast Asia but is rarely reported in Indonesia. The current study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of MT cases in Bandung, West Java. Non-confirmed AFI cases (n = 176) from a prospective cohort study of whom paired serum samples (acute (T1), midterm (T2), or convalescent (T3)) were available were screened using MT serology. IgG against R. typhi was detected in the T2 or T3 samples using an in-house ELISA. Positive IgG samples were further screened for the presence of IgM. If both IgM and IgG were positive, the endpoint titer of T1, T2, or T3 was determined. In cases with a fourfold increase in titer, real-time PCR of T1 samples was performed to detect R. typhi DNA. In total, 71/176 (40.3%) patients tested positive for IgG antibody, and 26 AFI cases were confirmed as MT (23 cases by PCR, 3 cases by fourfold titer increased IgG or IgM titer). The most common clinical symptoms in the confirmed cases were headache (80%), arthralgia (73%), malaise (69%), and myalgia (54%). In these cases, the presumptive clinical diagnoses were typhoid fever (43.2%), dengue (38.5%), and leptospirosis (19.2%). MT was not considered in any of the patients, and no patients received doxycycline. These findings confirmed that MT is an important cause of AFI in Indonesia. MT should be included in the differential diagnosis of AFI, and empirical treatment with doxycycline should be considered.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Detection of Streptococcus pyogenes from Throat Swab in Acute Pharyngitis Patients

Ibnu Tsabit Maulana / Imam Megantara / Ike Rostikawati Husen

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 3, Iss 1, Pp 69-

2016 Volume 72

Abstract: Background: Pharyngitis is an inflammation of throat that may be caused by viral and bacteria. Although Streptococcus pyogenes is only responsible for 5−15% of cases of pharyngitis in adults. Antibiotics are highly prescribed for this infection, thus it ... ...

Abstract	Background: Pharyngitis is an inflammation of throat that may be caused by viral and bacteria. Although Streptococcus pyogenes is only responsible for 5−15% of cases of pharyngitis in adults. Antibiotics are highly prescribed for this infection, thus it could lead to antibiotic resistance. The main reason for antibiotic overprescription is the difficulty to obtain a rapid and correct etiological diagnosis. This study aimed to determine the frequency of Streptococcus pyogenes from throat swab in patient with acute pharyngitis in Padjadjaran Clinic. Methods: This study was a descriptive study. Specimen was taken from the patients in Padjadjaran Clinic on September until October 2014. Thirty-five patients with acute pharyngitis that met the selection criteria were recruited for throat swab. Then, specimens obtained were performed an identification testing to determine whether there was a colonization of Streptococcus pyogenes. Results: Thirty five patients were found with acute pharyngitis consist of 14 male and 21 female, with age ranged between 16−34 years old. From the identification testing result, Streptococcus pyogenes was not found from throat swabs of patient with acute pharyngitis in Padjadjaran Clinic. Conclusions: This study found no colonization of Steptococcus pyogenes in throat swabs of acute pharyngitis patients in Padjadjaran Clinic, however Streptococcus pyogenes was not the causative fact of acute pharyngitis.
Keywords	Acute Pharyngitis ; streptococcus pyogenes ; throat swab ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Detection of Enteropathogenic Bacteria under Fingernails of Canteen Workers at Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor

Nalinie Nalammah Nahenthran / Imam Megantara / Ardini S Raksanagara

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 3, Iss 2, Pp 309-

2016 Volume 313

Abstract: Background: Food poisoning is a major problem in Indonesia as most people do not clean under their fingernails to remove bacteria. This study was designed to detect enteropathogenic bacteria under the fingernails of canteen workers in Universitas ... ...

Abstract	Background: Food poisoning is a major problem in Indonesia as most people do not clean under their fingernails to remove bacteria. This study was designed to detect enteropathogenic bacteria under the fingernails of canteen workers in Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October−November 2014 at the Faculty of Medicine’s Microbiology Laboratory to detect enteropathogenic bacteria under the fingernails of canteen workers in Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the study, 30 canteen workers were selected by random sampling from three canteens. Samples were collected from the fingernails of both the right and left hands by using a cotton swab. Sixty specimens were cultured for identification of the enteropathogenic bacteria by using gram staining method and biochemical tests. Results: The highest percentage of enteropathogenic bacteria found under the fingernails of canteen workers was Klebsiella pneumoniae with a percentage of 45% followed by Enterobacter aerogenes with a percentage of 25.7%, Salmonella paratyphii with a percentage of 9.7%, E. coli with a percentage of 6.4%, and Serratia sp, Proteus mirabillis, Klebsiella oxytoca and Shigella sp. with a percentage of 3.2%. Conclusions: The highest number of bacteria found under the fingernails of the canteen workers is Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella paratyphii and E. coli which has potential to cause gastroenteritis if cross-contamination occurs between the fingernails and the food.
Keywords	Canteen workers ; fingernails ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; resistance ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	540
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Salmonella Species Detection in Chicken Noodle Toppings Prepared by the Food Vendors around Jatinangor Campus of Universitas Padjadjaran

Luk Lee Zia / Imam Megantara / Suryosutanto

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 3, Iss 4, Pp 566-

2016 Volume 569

Abstract: Background: Salmonellae is Gram negative Enterobacteriaceae which are commonly found in water. It can cause diseases in human through improper hygiene and sanitation practice, contamination of poultries, cross contamination from other food during storage, ...

Abstract	Background: Salmonellae is Gram negative Enterobacteriaceae which are commonly found in water. It can cause diseases in human through improper hygiene and sanitation practice, contamination of poultries, cross contamination from other food during storage, and also from Salmonella species carriers. Chicken noodle toppings are usually prepared early in the morning and not heated up upon serving. There are possibilities for bacterial contamination if the food vendors lack of hygienic practices. The risk of Salmonella species contamination is increased too as it can be spread through inappropriate hygiene and sanitation. Hence, the objective of the study was to detect the presence of Salmonella species in the chicken noodle toppings prepared by the food vendors around Jatinangor Campus of Universitas Padjadjaran. Methods: A descriptive laboratory study was conducted in September 2013. A total of 44 samples of chicken noodle toppings were collected from the food vendors in Jatinangor. The samples were cultured on Salmonella-Shigella agars. Then, Gram staining and biochemical tests were performed. Results: The chicken noodle toppings were not contaminated by Salmonella species, but other bacteria species such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, and Shigella species were found. Conclusions: There is no Salmonella species found. However, there are some other bacteria found such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Serratia, Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, and Shigella species. It means that the food vendors lack of hygienic and sanitation aspects. Thus, proper actions should be taken to educate and increase the awareness of food vendors on the importance of sanitation.
Keywords	Chicken noodle toppings ; salmonellae contamination ; Salmonella species ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Detection of Fungi in Hair-brushes in Beauty Salons at Jatinangor

Susanna Mitchelle Edward / Imam Megantara / Reiva Farah Dwiyana

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 2, Iss 4, Pp 516-

2015 Volume 520

Abstract: Background: Various beauty tools are used in beauty salons, among those is the hair-brush. The hair-brush can conceal various human skin pathogens although under harsh environmental conditions, most pathogens are killed; nevertheless, few microorganisms, ...

Abstract	Background: Various beauty tools are used in beauty salons, among those is the hair-brush. The hair-brush can conceal various human skin pathogens although under harsh environmental conditions, most pathogens are killed; nevertheless, few microorganisms, such as the fungi can adapt and survive. Moreover, the moist conditions of the hair-brush predisposes the growth of fungi however the ability of these fungi to instigate disease in an individual is dependent on the portal of entry and the host immunological status. This study was conducted to determine the fungus that is present in the beauty salon’s hair-brushes. Methods: This study was conducted in beauty salons located in Jatinangor area during September–October 2013 using the descriptive laboratory method. Fifteen beauty salons were included in this study based on sample size calculation for dichotomous variable. The specimens from all the hair-brushes were collected after the owner’s informed consent, then cultured onto 30 sabouraud agar, two for each beauty salon (dermatophyte and non-dermatophyte agar). The fungi were detected macroscopically and microscopically. Results: Overall, 93% revealed to be culture positive, with 90% of them were found to be non-dermatophytes, most of which are saprophytic fungi. The remaining 3% were dermatophytes. Conclusions: Beauty salon’s hair-brushes contain a wide range of fungi distribution which may be a source of fungal colonization. However, most of the fungi found in the beauty salons are saprophytic fungi, therefore it is unnecessary to be anxious about a small amount of pathogenic fungi are found in humans.
Keywords	Beauty salon ; dermatophyte ; non-dermatophyte ; hair-brush ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Isolation of Methicillin Resistant - Staphylococcus aureus in Midwifery Students Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran September–December 2012

Robinee Panirchelvam / Imam Megantara / Melati Sudiro

Althea Medical Journal, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 204-

2015 Volume 207

Abstract: Background: Methicillin Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant bacteria to certain types of beta-lactam antibiotics. Commonly, the MRSA infection is acquired in hospitals, long-term care facilities, or similar institutional settings. Mid- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Methicillin Resistant-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is resistant bacteria to certain types of beta-lactam antibiotics. Commonly, the MRSA infection is acquired in hospitals, long-term care facilities, or similar institutional settings. Mid-wives are one of the health professional that have a major risk to get MRSA infection and could lead the infection among patients. This research is aimed to identify MRSA among the midwifery students Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from September–December 2012 at the Microbiology laboratory to identify the proportion of MRSA among the mid-wife students from Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran. Twenty-five samples were chosen using simple random sampling based on their registration number. The inclusion criterias were healthy students, and 18 to 22 years old. Both nostrils were sampled with a sterile culture swab on both the subject’s nostrils. Gram staining was done in order to identify the gram positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. The samples were inaculated in Mannitol salt agar (MSA), incubated for 24 hours and at 37 ̊ C. After 24 hours, catalase and coagulase tests were done. Moreover, for the susceptibility testing, the chosen media for this study was Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and with 30μg Cefoxitin disk. After incubation, the zone of inhibition of the colony less than ≤ 21mm was considered resistant to methicillin. Results: Colonization of MRSA was about 3 out from 25 samples Conclusions: The MRSA colonization in the anterior nasal does exist in midwife students, a further study with more samples should be conducted.
Keywords	Midwife students ; MRSA ; Nasal Swab ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitas Padjadjaran
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