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Article ; Online: Deep learning applied to electroencephalogram data in mental disorders: A systematic review.

de Bardeci, Mateo / Ip, Cheng Teng / Olbrich, Sebastian

2021 Volume 162, Page(s) 108117

Abstract: In recent medical research, tremendous progress has been made in the application of deep learning (DL) techniques. This article systematically reviews how DL techniques have been applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) data for diagnostic and predictive ... ...

Abstract	In recent medical research, tremendous progress has been made in the application of deep learning (DL) techniques. This article systematically reviews how DL techniques have been applied to electroencephalogram (EEG) data for diagnostic and predictive purposes in conducting research on mental disorders. EEG-studies on psychiatric diseases based on the ICD-10 or DSM-V classification that used either convolutional neural networks (CNNs) or long -short-term-memory (LSTMs) networks for classification were searched and examined for the quality of the information they contained in three domains: clinical, EEG-data processing, and deep learning. Although we found that the description of EEG acquisition and pre-processing was sufficient in most of the studies, we found, that many of them lacked a systematic characterization of clinical features. Furthermore, many studies used misguided model selection procedures or flawed testing. It is recommended that the study of psychiatric disorders using DL in the future must improve the quality of clinical data and follow state of the art model selection and testing procedures so as to achieve a higher research standard and head toward a clinical significance.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	185105-6
ISSN	1873-6246 ; 0301-0511
ISSN (online)	1873-6246
ISSN	0301-0511
DOI	10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108117
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Article ; Online: EEG-vigilance regulation is associated with and predicts ketamine response in major depressive disorder.

Ip, Cheng-Teng / de Bardeci, Mateo / Kronenberg, Golo / Pinborg, Lars Hageman / Seifritz, Erich / Brunovsky, Martin / Olbrich, Sebastian

Translational psychiatry

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 64

Abstract: Ketamine offers promising new therapeutic options for difficult-to-treat depression. The efficacy of treatment response, including ketamine, has been intricately linked to EEG measures of vigilance. This research investigated the interplay between ... ...

Abstract	Ketamine offers promising new therapeutic options for difficult-to-treat depression. The efficacy of treatment response, including ketamine, has been intricately linked to EEG measures of vigilance. This research investigated the interplay between intravenous ketamine and alterations in brain arousal, quantified through EEG vigilance assessments in two distinct cohorts of depressed patients (original dataset: n = 24; testing dataset: n = 24). Clinical response was defined as a decrease from baseline of >33% on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) 24 h after infusion. EEG recordings were obtained pre-, start-, end- and 24 h post- infusion, and the resting EEG was automatically scored using the Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL). Relative to placebo (sodium chloride 0.9%), ketamine increased the amount of low-vigilance stage B1 at end-infusion. This increase in B1 was positively related to serum concentrations of ketamine, but not to norketamine, and was independent of clinical response. In contrast, treatment responders showed a distinct EEG pattern characterized by a decrease in high-vigilance stage A1 and an increase in low-vigilance B2/3, regardless of whether placebo or ketamine had been given. Furthermore, pretreatment EEG differed between responders and non-responders with responders showing a higher percentage of stage A1 (53% vs. 21%). The logistic regression fitted on the percent of A1 stages was able to predict treatment outcomes in the testing dataset with an area under the ROC curve of 0.7. Ketamine affects EEG vigilance in a distinct pattern observed only in responders. Consequently, the percentage of pretreatment stage A1 shows significant potential as a predictive biomarker of treatment response.Clinical Trials Registration: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2013-000952-17/CZ Registration number: EudraCT Number: 2013-000952-17.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Brain ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Electroencephalography ; Ketamine/pharmacology ; Ketamine/therapeutic use ; Wakefulness
Chemical Substances	Ketamine (690G0D6V8H)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-26
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2609311-X
ISSN	2158-3188 ; 2158-3188
ISSN (online)	2158-3188
ISSN	2158-3188
DOI	10.1038/s41398-024-02761-x
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Article ; Online: Accuracy of high-density EEG electrode position measurement using an optical scanner compared with the photogrammetry method.

Györfi, Orsolya / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Justesen, Anders Bach / Gam-Jensen, Maria Louise / Rømer, Connie / Fabricius, Martin / Pinborg, Lars H / Beniczky, Sándor

Clinical neurophysiology practice

2022 Volume 7, Page(s) 135–138

Abstract: Objective: To determine the feasibility and accuracy of a handheld optical scanner to measure the three-dimensional (3D) EEG electrode coordinates in a high-density array of 256 electrodes.: Methods: We compared the optical scanning with a previously ...

Abstract	Objective: To determine the feasibility and accuracy of a handheld optical scanner to measure the three-dimensional (3D) EEG electrode coordinates in a high-density array of 256 electrodes. Methods: We compared the optical scanning with a previously validated method, based on photogrammetry. Electrode coordinates were co-registered with the MRI of the patients, and mean distance error relative to the three-dimensional MRI reconstruction was determined for each patient. We included 60 patients: 30 were measured using the photogrammetry method, and 30 age and gender matched patients were measured with the optical scanner. Results: Using the optical scanner, the mean distance error was 1.78 mm (95% confidence interval: 1.59-1.98 mm) which was significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared with the photogrammetry method (mean distance error: 2.43 mm; 95% confidence interval: 2.28-2.57 mm). The real-time scanning took 5-10 min per patient. Conclusions: The handheld optical scanner is more accurate and feasible, compared to the photogrammetry method. Significance: Measuring EEG electrode positions in high-density array, using the optical scanner is suitable for clinical implementation in EEG source imaging for presurgical evaluation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2467-981X
ISSN (online)	2467-981X
DOI	10.1016/j.cnp.2022.04.002
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Article ; Online: Association between the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potential, serotonergic neurotransmission and treatment outcome in patients with depression.

Ip, Cheng-Teng / Ganz, Melanie / Ozenne, Brice / Olbrich, Sebastian / Beliveau, Vincent / Dam, Vibeke H / Köhler-Forsberg, Kristin / Jørgensen, Martin B / Frøkjær, Vibe G / Knudsen, Gitte M

European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

2023 Volume 70, Page(s) 32–44

Abstract: Previous studies have suggested that the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) is associated with the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD). Furthermore, both LDAEP and the cerebral ...

Abstract	Previous studies have suggested that the loudness dependence of auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) is associated with the effectiveness of antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD). Furthermore, both LDAEP and the cerebral serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Depression ; Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Synaptic Transmission ; Electroencephalography
Chemical Substances	Serotonin (333DO1RDJY) ; Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors ; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-28
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1082947-7
ISSN	1873-7862 ; 0924-977X
ISSN (online)	1873-7862
ISSN	0924-977X
DOI	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.02.008
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Article ; Online: EEG wakefulness regulation in transdiagnostic patients after a recent suicide attempt.

Rüesch, Annia / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Bankwitz, Anna / Villar de Araujo, Tania / Hörmann, Christoph / Adank, Atalìa / Schoretsanitis, Georgios / Kleim, Birgit / Olbrich, Sebastian

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

2023 Volume 156, Page(s) 272–280

Abstract: Objective: Decades of research have not yet produced statistically reliable predictors of preparatory behavior eventually leading to suicide attempts or deaths by suicide. As the nature of suicidal behavior is complex, it is best investigated in a ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Decades of research have not yet produced statistically reliable predictors of preparatory behavior eventually leading to suicide attempts or deaths by suicide. As the nature of suicidal behavior is complex, it is best investigated in a transdiagnostic approach, while assessing objective markers, as proposed by the Research Domain Criteria (Cuthbert, 2013). Methods: A 15-min resting-state EEG was recorded in 45 healthy controls, and 49 transdiagnostic in-patients with a recent (<6 months) suicide attempt. Brain arousal regulation in eyes-closed condition was assessed with the Vigilance Algorithm Leipzig (VIGALL) (Sander et al., 2015). Results: A significant incline of median vigilance and vigilance slope was observed in patients within the first 3-min of the EEG recording. Additionally, a significant positive correlation of self-reported suicidal ideation with the vigilance slope over 15-min recording time, as well as a significant negative correlation with EEG vigilance stage A1 during the first 3-min was found. Conclusions: Transdiagnostic patients with a recent suicide attempt show a distinct vigilance regulation pattern. Further studies including a control group consisting of patients without life-time suicide attempts are needed to increase the clinical utility of the findings. Significance: These findings might serve as potential objective markers of suicidal behavior.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Wakefulness/physiology ; Suicide, Attempted ; Electroencephalography ; Arousal/physiology ; Brain/physiology ; Suicidal Ideation
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-06
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1463630-x
ISSN	1872-8952 ; 0921-884X ; 1388-2457
ISSN (online)	1872-8952
ISSN	0921-884X ; 1388-2457
DOI	10.1016/j.clinph.2023.08.018
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Article ; Online: Deep phenotyping towards precision psychiatry of first-episode depression - the Brain Drugs-Depression cohort.

Jensen, Kristian Høj Reveles / Dam, Vibeke H / Ganz, Melanie / Fisher, Patrick MacDonald / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Sankar, Anjali / Marstrand-Joergensen, Maja Rou / Ozenne, Brice / Osler, Merete / Penninx, Brenda W J H / Pinborg, Lars H / Frokjaer, Vibe Gedsø / Knudsen, Gitte Moos / Jørgensen, Martin Balslev

BMC psychiatry

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 151

Abstract: Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogenous brain disorder, with potentially multiple psychosocial and biological disease mechanisms. This is also a plausible explanation for why patients do not respond equally well to treatment with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterogenous brain disorder, with potentially multiple psychosocial and biological disease mechanisms. This is also a plausible explanation for why patients do not respond equally well to treatment with first- or second-line antidepressants, i.e., one-third to one-half of patients do not remit in response to first- or second-line treatment. To map MDD heterogeneity and markers of treatment response to enable a precision medicine approach, we will acquire several possible predictive markers across several domains, e.g., psychosocial, biochemical, and neuroimaging. Methods: All patients are examined before receiving a standardised treatment package for adults aged 18-65 with first-episode depression in six public outpatient clinics in the Capital Region of Denmark. From this population, we will recruit a cohort of 800 patients for whom we will acquire clinical, cognitive, psychometric, and biological data. A subgroup (subcohort I, n = 600) will additionally provide neuroimaging data, i.e., Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Electroencephalogram, and a subgroup of patients from subcohort I unmedicated at inclusion (subcohort II, n = 60) will also undergo a brain Positron Emission Tomography with the [ Discussion: The BrainDrugs-Depression study is a real-world deep-phenotyping clinical cohort study of first-episode MDD patients. Trial registration: Registered at clinicaltrials.gov November 15th, 2022 (NCT05616559).
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Cohort Studies ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Psychiatry ; Treatment Outcome ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2050438-X
ISSN	1471-244X ; 1471-244X
ISSN (online)	1471-244X
ISSN	1471-244X
DOI	10.1186/s12888-023-04618-x
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Article ; Online: Concurrent anxiety in patients with major depression and cerebral serotonin 4 receptor binding. A NeuroPharm-1 study.

Köhler-Forsberg, Kristin / Ozenne, Brice / Larsen, Søren V / Poulsen, Asbjørn S / Landman, Elizabeth B / Dam, Vibeke H / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Jørgensen, Anders / Svarer, Claus / Knudsen, Gitte M / Frokjaer, Vibe G / Jørgensen, Martin B

Translational psychiatry

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 273

Abstract: Concurrent anxiety is frequent in major depressive disorder and a shared pathophysiological mechanism between anxiety and other depressive symptoms is plausible. The serotonin 4 receptor (5- ... ...

Abstract	Concurrent anxiety is frequent in major depressive disorder and a shared pathophysiological mechanism between anxiety and other depressive symptoms is plausible. The serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT
MeSH term(s)	Anxiety/diagnosis ; Anxiety/metabolism ; Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders/metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex/metabolism ; Depression/diagnostic imaging ; Depression/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism ; Humans ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4/metabolism ; Serotonin/metabolism ; Syndrome
Chemical Substances	Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4 (158165-40-3) ; Serotonin (333DO1RDJY)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2609311-X
ISSN	2158-3188 ; 2158-3188
ISSN (online)	2158-3188
ISSN	2158-3188
DOI	10.1038/s41398-022-02034-5
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Article ; Online: A recent suicide attempt and the heartbeat: Electrophysiological findings from a trans-diagnostic cohort of patients and healthy controls.

Rüesch, Annia / Villar de Araujo, Tania / Bankwitz, Anna / Hörmann, Christoph / Adank, Atalìa / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Schoretsanitis, Georgios / Kleim, Birgit / Olbrich, Sebastian

Journal of psychiatric research

2022 Volume 157, Page(s) 257–263

Abstract: Suicidal behavior is influenced by a multitude of factors, making prediction and prevention of suicide attempts (SA) a challenge. A useful tool to uncover underlying pathophysiology or propose new therapy approaches are biomarkers, especially within the ... ...

Abstract	Suicidal behavior is influenced by a multitude of factors, making prediction and prevention of suicide attempts (SA) a challenge. A useful tool to uncover underlying pathophysiology or propose new therapy approaches are biomarkers, especially within the context of point-of-care tests. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-established biomarker of mental health, and measures the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Previous studies reported a correlation between lower PNS activity and suicidality. However, most studies involved participants from a healthy population, patients without history of suicide attempts, or patients with a single diagnosis. 52 in-patients with a recent suicide attempt (<6 months), and 43 controls without history of SA or psychiatric diagnoses confirmed study participation. The included patients age ranged between 18 and 65 years, 65% had psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with dementia, cognitive impairments, acute psychosis, chronic non suicidal self-harming behavior, or current electroconvulsive therapy were excluded. A 15-min resting state electrocardiography was recorded with two bipolar electrodes attached to the right and left insides of the wrists. The multiple regression analyses showed lower parasympathetic, and higher sympathetic activity in patients compared to controls. Partial correlation found a positive trend result between self-reported suicidality and the very low frequency band. ROC curve analysis revealed an acceptable to excellent clinical accuracy of HRV parameters. Therefore, HRV parameters could be reliable discriminative biomarkers between in-patients with a recent SA and healthy controls. One limitation is the lack of a control group consisting of in-patients without life-time suicidal ideation or attempts.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Suicide, Attempted/psychology ; Heart Rate ; Risk Factors ; Suicidal Ideation ; Biomarkers
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3148-3
ISSN	1879-1379 ; 0022-3956
ISSN (online)	1879-1379
ISSN	0022-3956
DOI	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.020
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Article: A recent suicide attempt and the heartbeat

Rüesch, Annia / Villar de Araujo, Tania / Bankwitz, Anna / Hörmann, Christoph / Adank, Atalia / Ip, Cheng-Teng / Schoretsanitis, Georgios / Kleim, Birgit / Olbrich, Sebastian

Journal of Psychiatric Research

Electrophysiological findings from a trans-diagnostic cohort of patients and healthy controls

2023 Volume 157, Page(s) 257–263

Title translation	Ein kürzlicher Selbstmordversuch und der Herzschlag: Elektrophysiologische Befunde aus einer transdiagnostischen Kohorte von Patienten und gesunden Kontrollpersonen
Abstract	Suicidal behavior is influenced by a multitude of factors, making prediction and prevention of suicide attempts (SA) a challenge. A useful tool to uncover underlying pathophysiology or propose new therapy approaches are biomarkers, especially within the context of point-of-care tests. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a well-established biomarker of mental health, and measures the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS). Previous studies reported a correlation between lower PNS activity and suicidality. However, most studies involved participants from a healthy population, patients without history of suicide attempts, or patients with a single diagnosis. 52 in-patients with a recent suicide attempt (<6 months), and 43 controls without history of SA or psychiatric diagnoses confirmed study participation. The included patients age ranged between 18 and 65 years, 65% had psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with dementia, cognitive impairments, acute psychosis, chronic non suicidal self-harming behavior, or current electroconvulsive therapy were excluded. A 15-min resting state electrocardiography was recorded with two bipolar electrodes attached to the right and left insides of the wrists. The multiple regression analyses showed lower parasympathetic, and higher sympathetic activity in patients compared to controls. Partial correlation found a positive trend result between self-reported suicidality and the very low frequency band. ROC curve analysis revealed an acceptable to excellent clinical accuracy of HRV parameters. Therefore, HRV parameters could be reliable discriminative biomarkers between in-patients with a recent SA and healthy controls. One limitation is the lack of a control group consisting of in-patients without life-time suicidal ideation or attempts.
Keywords	Attempted Suicide ; Biological Markers ; Biologische Marker ; Cognitive Impairment ; Comorbidity ; Dementia ; Demenz ; Electrical Activity ; Elektrische Aktivität ; Heart Rate Variability ; Herzfrequenzvariabilität ; Ko-Morbidität ; Kognitive Beeinträchtigung ; Parasympathetic Nervous System ; Parasympathisches Nervensystem ; Suicidal Ideation ; Suizidgedanken ; Suizidversuch
Language	English
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	3148-3
ISSN	1879-1379 ; 0022-3956
ISSN (online)	1879-1379
ISSN	0022-3956
DOI	10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.11.020
Database	PSYNDEX

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Article ; Online: Pretreatment qEEG biomarkers for predicting pharmacological treatment outcome in major depressive disorder: Independent validation from the NeuroPharm study.

Ip, Cheng-Teng / Olbrich, Sebastian / Ganz, Melanie / Ozenne, Brice / Köhler-Forsberg, Kristin / Dam, Vibeke H / Beniczky, Sándor / Jørgensen, Martin B / Frokjaer, Vibe G / Søgaard, Birgitte / Christensen, Søren R / Knudsen, Gitte M

European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

2021 Volume 49, Page(s) 101–112

Abstract: Several electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarkers for prediction of drug response in major depressive disorder (MDD) have been proposed, but validations in larger independent datasets are missing. In the current study, we investigated the prognostic value of ...

Abstract	Several electroencephalogram (EEG) biomarkers for prediction of drug response in major depressive disorder (MDD) have been proposed, but validations in larger independent datasets are missing. In the current study, we investigated the prognostic value of previously suggested EEG biomarkers. We gathered data that matched prior studies in terms of EEG methodology, clinical criteria for MDD, and statistical approach as closely as possible. The NeuroPharm study is a non-randomized and open label prospective clinical trial. One hundred antidepressant free patients with MDD were enrolled in the study and 79 (57 female) were included in the per-protocol analysis. The biomarkers candidates for cross-validation were derived from prior studies such as iSPOT-D and EMBARC and include frontal and occipital alpha power and asymmetry and delta and theta activity at anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The alpha asymmetry, reported in two out of six prior studies, could be partially validated. We found that in female patients, larger right than left frontal alpha power prior to drug treatment was associated with better clinical outcome 8 weeks later. Moreover, female non-responder had higher central left alpha power relative to the right. In contrast to prior reports, we found that lower theta activity at ACC was present in remitters and was associated with greater improvement at week 8. We provide evidence that in women with MDD, alpha asymmetry seems to be the most promising EEG biomarker for prediction of treatment response. Registration number: NCT02869035.
MeSH term(s)	Antidepressive Agents/pharmacology ; Antidepressive Agents/therapeutic use ; Biomarkers ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder, Major/drug therapy ; Electroencephalography/methods ; Female ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Antidepressive Agents ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-25
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1082947-7
ISSN	1873-7862 ; 0924-977X
ISSN (online)	1873-7862
ISSN	0924-977X
DOI	10.1016/j.euroneuro.2021.03.024
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