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Article ; Online: The cryptocurrency environmental attention and green bond connectedness.

Umar, Zaghum / Bossman, Ahmed / Iqbal, Najaf

Environmental science and pollution research international

2023 Volume 30, Issue 53, Page(s) 114667–114677

Abstract: We study the dynamic connectedness between green bonds and the cryptocurrency environmental attention index (ICEA), using the TVP-VAR methodology. The spillovers increase with the level of environmental attention, suggesting cross-market activism by ... ...

Abstract	We study the dynamic connectedness between green bonds and the cryptocurrency environmental attention index (ICEA), using the TVP-VAR methodology. The spillovers increase with the level of environmental attention, suggesting cross-market activism by green investors. Denmark, the Euro area, Hong Kong, Australia, and the US are the source of spillovers, while Japan, the UK, and Switzerland are major recipients. The return spillovers exceed volatility spillovers and rise in strength during COVID-19 and the geopolitics-induced military hostilities in Ukraine. Several imperative implications of the findings are notable for policymakers, market participants, and practitioners.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Australia ; COVID-19 ; Hong Kong ; Japan ; Military Personnel
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-023-30136-0
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Article ; Online: A Systematic Review of Barriers in Adoption of Environmental Management Accounting in Chinese SMEs for Sustainable Performance.

Javed, Fahad / Yusheng, Kong / Iqbal, Najaf / Fareed, Zeeshan / Shahzad, Farrukh

Frontiers in public health

2022 Volume 10, Page(s) 832711

Abstract: Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in sustainable development not only for their significant contribution to China's economy but also for their large share of total discharged pollutants. Despite the widely acknowledged ... ...

Abstract	Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in sustainable development not only for their significant contribution to China's economy but also for their large share of total discharged pollutants. Despite the widely acknowledged importance and benefits of environmental management accounting (EMA), the level of adoption and implementation of EMA practice is still weak within SMEs in many countries, especially in China. The current systematic review aims to identify the barriers affecting the Chinese SMEs for adopting EMA practices along with the critical success factors required for adopting EMA practices by SMEs and their top management for ensuring sustainable corporate environmental performance in China. The study is carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In total, 73 articles were found to be eligible to be included in the systematic review, which was published on EMA in small- and medium-sized enterprises in China. Our study aims to document barriers to the adoption of EMA among Chinese SMEs. The review concluded that strict legislation and the availability of flexible financing options for SMEs can promote the adoption of EMA by SMEs. The establishment of environmental reporting systems and auditing mechanisms can further increase the utilization of EMA by small and medium firms. Barriers to EMA adoption can be mitigated after careful consideration of the current situation in SMEs. Documentation of significant barriers may help to form supportive policies which ultimately add to the efforts toward climate change mitigation.
MeSH term(s)	China ; Conservation of Natural Resources
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2711781-9
ISSN	2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
ISSN (online)	2296-2565
ISSN	2296-2565
DOI	10.3389/fpubh.2022.832711
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Article ; Online: Impact of human capital and financial globalization on environmental degradation in OBOR countries: Critical role of national cultural orientations.

Wang, Bin / Yan, Chuanzhe / Iqbal, Najaf / Fareed, Zeeshan / Arslan, Ahmad

Environmental science and pollution research international

2022 Volume 29, Issue 25, Page(s) 37327–37343

Abstract: As regional economic integration and climate change are among the most important phenomena influencing economic and social sustainability in the modern world, a huge volume of research is directed towards these topics nowadays. The aim of this study is ... ...

Abstract	As regional economic integration and climate change are among the most important phenomena influencing economic and social sustainability in the modern world, a huge volume of research is directed towards these topics nowadays. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of financial globalization and human capital on environmental degradation in One Belt One Road (OBOR) countries in a cultural context that is largely under-explored in spite of being immensely crucial for fulfilling the United Nations' agenda on climate change mitigation. Owing to the presence of vast cultural differences, we check if the national scores on "Power Distance Index" and "Uncertainty Avoidance" in these countries matter for the environment. To this end, we use the latest and annual data set comprising 31 OBOR countries from 1996 to 2018, and employ panel econometric techniques that effectively deal with the threat of endogeneity. Results show that human capital improves environment while financial globalization deteriorates it. Interestingly, high power distance and uncertainty avoidance can reverse the positive impact of human capital. Similarly, financial globalization is favorable for environment in countries with low power distance and uncertainty avoidance. The findings are robust to the use of alternative specifications. Theoretical underpinnings and implications are discussed arising from the interesting reversal of traditional impacts in different cultural scenarios. Specifically, we recommend a culture of entrepreneurship, innovation, and inclusivity, promoted through increased tolerance towards risk-taking and participative decision-making to reap the benefits of human capital and globalization in improving the environment. Our results have important implications for climate change mitigation endeavors in OBOR countries and understanding the cultural context in this regard. Additionally, our study opens a vast avenue for the related research work in the future.
MeSH term(s)	Carbon Dioxide ; Economic Development ; Humans ; Internationality
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-20
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-022-18556-w
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Article: Climate indicators and COVID-19 recovery: A case of Wuhan during the lockdown

Shuai, Zhai / Iqbal, Najaf / Hussain, Rai Imtiaz / Shahzad, Farrukh / Yan, Yong / Fareed, Zeeshan / Bilal

Environment, development and sustainability. 2022 June, v. 24, no. 6

2022

Abstract: The world needs to get out of the COVID-19 pandemic smoothly through a thorough socio-economic recovery. The first and the foremost step forward in this direction is the health recovery of the people infected. Our empirical study addresses this neglected ...

Abstract	The world needs to get out of the COVID-19 pandemic smoothly through a thorough socio-economic recovery. The first and the foremost step forward in this direction is the health recovery of the people infected. Our empirical study addresses this neglected point in the recent research on COVID-19 and specifically aims at exploring the impact of the environment on health recovery from COVID-19. The sample data are taken during the lockdown period in Wuhan, i.e., from 23rd January 2020 to 8th April 2020. The recently developed econometric technique of Quantile-on-Quantile regression, proposed by Shin and Zhu (2016) is employed to capture the asymmetric association between environmental factors (TEMP, HUM, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, CO, SO₂, NO₂, and O₃) and the number of recovered patients from COVID-19. We observe significant heterogeneity in the association among variables across various quantiles. The findings suggest that TEMP, PM₂.₅, PM₁₀, CO, NO₂, and O₃ are negatively related to the COVID-19 recovery, while HUM and SO₂ show a positive association at most quantiles. The study recommends that maintaining a safe and comfortable environment for the patients may increase the chances of recovery from COVID-19. The success story of Wuhan, the initial epicenter of the novel coronavirus in China, can serve as an important case study for other countries to bring the outbreak under control. The current study could be conducive for the policymakers of those countries where the COVID-19 pandemic is still unrestrained.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; Orthocoronavirinae ; case studies ; climate ; econometrics ; empirical research ; people ; socioeconomics
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Size	p. 8464-8484.
Publishing place	Springer Netherlands
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1438730-x
ISSN	1387-585X
ISSN	1387-585X
DOI	10.1007/s10668-021-01794-2
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Renewable energy, trade diversification and environmental footprints: Evidence for Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)

Jiang, Shaohua / Mentel, Grzegorz / Shahzadi, Irum / Ben Jebli, Mehdi / Iqbal, Najaf

Renewable energy. 2022 Mar., v. 187

2022

Abstract: The prime objective of this research is to explore the impacts of import and export diversification and renewable energy on environmental footprints. In doing so, the authors employ the data of trade diversification, income inequality, renewable energy, ... ...

Abstract	The prime objective of this research is to explore the impacts of import and export diversification and renewable energy on environmental footprints. In doing so, the authors employ the data of trade diversification, income inequality, renewable energy, and ecological footprints for 17 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries covering the period of 1995–2019. In econometric framework, the authors use two baseline empirical models based on key indicators such as trade (exports and imports) diversification index, income inequality, renewable energy, and globalization. The empirical analysis from both specifications suggests a cointegrating relation between the key variables of interest. The Long-run empirical estimates from FMOLS, and DOLS methods indicate that income inequality and import diversification increase ecological issues while globalization and exports diversification abate it. Further analysis through Granger causality highlights unilateral causal relationships running from renewable energy consumption to imports diversification, and from ecological footprint to imports diversification. The conclusions of this study stress the importance of harmonic policies, synchronization in trade, energy and resource consumption in achieving sustainable development goals.
Keywords	ecological footprint ; econometrics ; empirical research ; energy ; exports ; globalization ; imports ; renewable energy sources ; social inequality ; sustainable development
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-03
Size	p. 874-886.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2001449-1
ISSN	1879-0682 ; 0960-1481
ISSN (online)	1879-0682
ISSN	0960-1481
DOI	10.1016/j.renene.2021.12.134
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Article ; Online: Impact of human capital and financial globalization on environmental degradation in OBOR countries: Critical role of national cultural orientations

Wang, Bin / Yan, Chuanzhe / Iqbal, Najaf / Fareed, Zeeshan / Arslan, Ahmad

Environ Sci Pollut Res. 2022 May, v. 29, no. 25 p.37327-37343

2022

Abstract	As regional economic integration and climate change are among the most important phenomena influencing economic and social sustainability in the modern world, a huge volume of research is directed towards these topics nowadays. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of financial globalization and human capital on environmental degradation in One Belt One Road (OBOR) countries in a cultural context that is largely under-explored in spite of being immensely crucial for fulfilling the United Nations’ agenda on climate change mitigation. Owing to the presence of vast cultural differences, we check if the national scores on “Power Distance Index” and “Uncertainty Avoidance” in these countries matter for the environment. To this end, we use the latest and annual data set comprising 31 OBOR countries from 1996 to 2018, and employ panel econometric techniques that effectively deal with the threat of endogeneity. Results show that human capital improves environment while financial globalization deteriorates it. Interestingly, high power distance and uncertainty avoidance can reverse the positive impact of human capital. Similarly, financial globalization is favorable for environment in countries with low power distance and uncertainty avoidance. The findings are robust to the use of alternative specifications. Theoretical underpinnings and implications are discussed arising from the interesting reversal of traditional impacts in different cultural scenarios. Specifically, we recommend a culture of entrepreneurship, innovation, and inclusivity, promoted through increased tolerance towards risk-taking and participative decision-making to reap the benefits of human capital and globalization in improving the environment. Our results have important implications for climate change mitigation endeavors in OBOR countries and understanding the cultural context in this regard. Additionally, our study opens a vast avenue for the related research work in the future.
Keywords	climate change ; data collection ; decision making ; econometrics ; entrepreneurship ; environmental degradation ; globalization ; human capital ; social sustainability ; uncertainty
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Size	p. 37327-37343.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-022-18556-w
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Article ; Online: Asymmetric nexus between COVID-19 outbreak in the world and cryptocurrency market.

Iqbal, Najaf / Fareed, Zeeshan / Wan, Guangcai / Shahzad, Farrukh

International review of financial analysis

2020 Volume 73, Page(s) 101613

Abstract: In the wake of recent pandemic of COVID-19, we explore its unprecedented impact on the cryptocurrencies' market. Specifically, we check how the changing intensity of the COVID-19 represented by the daily addition in new infections worldwide affects the ... ...

Abstract	In the wake of recent pandemic of COVID-19, we explore its unprecedented impact on the cryptocurrencies' market. Specifically, we check how the changing intensity of the COVID-19 represented by the daily addition in new infections worldwide affects the daily returns of the top 10 cryptocurrencies according to the market capitalization. The results from Quantile-on-Quantile Regression (QQR) approach reveal that the changing intensity levels of the COVID-19 affect the Bearish and the Bullish market scenarios of cryptocurrencies differently (asymmetric impact). Additionally, there are differences between these currencies in their responses to the changing levels of this pandemic's intensity. Most of the currencies absorbed the small shocks of COVID-19 by registering positive gains but failed to resist against the huge changes except Bitcoin, ADA, CRO, and up to some extent Ethereum. Our results reveal new and asymmetric dynamics of this emerging asset class against an extremely stressful and unpredictable event (COVID-19). Moreover, these results are robust to the use of alternative proxy (COVID-19 deaths) for pandemic intensity. Our findings help to improve investors and policymakers' understanding of the cryptocurrencies' market dynamics, especially in the times of extremely stressful and unseen events.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-10-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1873-8079
ISSN (online)	1873-8079
DOI	10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101613
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Article: Does energy productivity and public-private investment in energy achieve carbon neutrality target of China?

Cheng, Gang / Zhao, Changjuan / Iqbal, Najaf / Gülmez, Özge / Işik, Hayriye / Kirikkaleli, Dervis

Journal of environmental management. 2021 Nov. 15, v. 298

2021

Abstract: Carbon neutrality target is of great importance to all countries around the globe recently. Innovative methods are being evaluated to achieve the environmental sustainability. In this study, we aim to inspect the influence of public-private partnership ... ...

Abstract	Carbon neutrality target is of great importance to all countries around the globe recently. Innovative methods are being evaluated to achieve the environmental sustainability. In this study, we aim to inspect the influence of public-private partnership in energy and energy efficiency on CO₂ emissions in China from 1991Q1 to 2017Q4. In doing so, we include other important determinants of CO₂ emissions also, such as environmental innovation, renewable energy, energy productivity and economic growth in our model. We employ the advanced cointegration methods that are developed recently. Moreover, spectral Breitung and Candelon (BC) causality test is used to find the causal effects of technological innovation, energy productivity, public-private partnership in energy, renewable energy consumption and GDP on CO₂ emissions. The results suggest that increase in income and public-private partnership enhance carbon emission in China. Conversely, an improvement in energy productivity, renewable energy and technological innovation exert negative influence over CO₂ emissions. There is a need to improve the efficiency of public-private partnership in energy projects in terms of carbon emission. Policymakers in China need to ensure an effective and timely transition towards renewable energy sources through environment related innovations and improved efficiency in all sources of energy.
Keywords	carbon dioxide ; carbon dioxide production ; economic development ; energy efficiency ; energy use and consumption ; greenhouse gas emissions ; gross domestic product ; income ; public-private partnerships ; renewable energy sources ; zero emissions ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1115
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113464
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Article ; Online: Effects of climatological parameters on the outbreak spread of COVID-19 in highly affected regions of Spain.

Shahzad, Khurram / Shahzad, Umer / Iqbal, Najaf / Shahzad, Farrukh / Fareed, Zeeshan

Environmental science and pollution research international

2020 Volume 27, Issue 31, Page(s) 39657–39666

Abstract: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is infecting the human population, killing people, and destroying livelihoods. This research sought to explore the associations of daily average temperature (AT) and air quality ( ... ...

Abstract	The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is infecting the human population, killing people, and destroying livelihoods. This research sought to explore the associations of daily average temperature (AT) and air quality (PM
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants ; Betacoronavirus ; COVID-19 ; Climate ; Coronavirus Infections ; Disease Outbreaks ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spain/epidemiology ; Temperature
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1178791-0
ISSN	1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
ISSN (online)	1614-7499
ISSN	0944-1344
DOI	10.1007/s11356-020-10551-3
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Article ; Online: Does exports diversification and environmental innovation achieve carbon neutrality target of OECD economies?

Iqbal, Najaf / Abbasi, Kashif Raza / Shinwari, Riazullah / Guangcai, Wan / Ahmad, Munir / Tang, Kai

Journal of environmental management

2021 Volume 291, Page(s) 112648

Abstract: Achieving carbon neutrality is of great importance to many developed and developing countries around the globe. Global warming is one of the leading issues caused by human activities. To cope with environmental challenges, and to achieve carbon ... ...

Abstract	Achieving carbon neutrality is of great importance to many developed and developing countries around the globe. Global warming is one of the leading issues caused by human activities. To cope with environmental challenges, and to achieve carbon neutrality, fiscal decentralization and eco-innovation are promising strategies that can also enable countries and local governments to pursue visible economic growth. This study investigates the role of export diversification, environment-related technological innovation, and fiscal decentralization in effectively achieving carbon neutrality target for 37 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) economies from 1970 to 2019. For empirical analysis, it uses second-generation tests that deal with heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence issues. To this end, this study employs updated cointegration techniques. The augmented mean group (AMG) approach is used to examine the long-run dynamic equilibrium among the variables of interest. The findings indicate that export diversification and fiscal decentralization followed by GDP growth affect carbon dioxide emission positively. While renewable energy consumption and environment-related technological innovation assure environmental improvement. Additionally, short-run causal and unidirectional links are found running from fiscal decentralization, export diversification, and environment-related technological innovation to carbon emissions. Our findings suggest that OECD partner countries need to be careful while devising fiscal decentralization and export diversification policies. They should increase the share of renewable energy, and expand environment-related technological innovation. Such strategic efforts would direct the OECD countries to meet the climate change mitigation agenda of sustainable development goals.
MeSH term(s)	Carbon Dioxide ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Economic Development ; Humans ; Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development ; Renewable Energy
Chemical Substances	Carbon Dioxide (142M471B3J)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184882-3
ISSN	1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
ISSN (online)	1095-8630
ISSN	0301-4797
DOI	10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112648
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