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  1. Article ; Online: Identification and segregation of genes with improved recurrent neural network trained with optimal gene level and mutation level features.

    Pukhta, Irfan Rashid / Rout, Ranjeet Kumar

    Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering

    2024  , Page(s) 1–16

    Abstract: Even though many different approaches have been employed to address the complex mutational heterogeneity of cancer, finding driver genes is still problematic since other genomic factors cannot be fully integrated for combined analyses. This research ... ...

    Abstract Even though many different approaches have been employed to address the complex mutational heterogeneity of cancer, finding driver genes is still problematic since other genomic factors cannot be fully integrated for combined analyses. This research paper presents a novel gene identification and segregation model with five key processes (a) pre-processing, (b) treatment of class imbalances, (c) feature extraction, (d) feature selection, and (e) gene classification. To increase the data quality, the gathered initial information is first pre-processed utilizing data cleaning and data normalization. This turns the raw data into something that is both useful and effective. In actuality, the sample is skewed against drivers because passenger mutation markers appear in proportionally less instances than drivers do. To address the Class Imbalance Problem, improved K-Means + SMOTE are applied to the preprocessed data. The most crucial characteristics, including those at the gene and mutation levels, are then extracted from the balanced dataset. To lessen the computational load in terms of time, the best features from the retrieved features are selected using Forensic interpretation tailored hunger food search optimization (FIHFSO). The ideal features are used to train the deep learning classifier that conducts the separation procedure. In this research, an Improved Recurrent Neural Network (I-RNN) is used to make a final decision about genes. At 90% of learning percentage, the accuracy of the proposed method achieves 0.98% of 0.83, 0.81, 0.65, 0.80, 0.92 and 0.63% which is compared to the other methods like HGS, FBIO, AOA, AO, GOA and PRO respectively.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2071764-7
    ISSN 1476-8259 ; 1025-5842
    ISSN (online) 1476-8259
    ISSN 1025-5842
    DOI 10.1080/10255842.2024.2311322
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Enhanced subgraph matching for large graphs using candidate region-based decomposition and ordering

    Zubair Ali Ansari / Md. Aslam Parwez / Irfan Rashid Thoker / Jahiruddin

    Journal of King Saud University: Computer and Information Sciences, Vol 35, Iss 8, Pp 101694- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: The subgraph matching problem associated with large graphs is an emerging research challenge in graph search due to the growing size of the web, social, and metabolic graphs, and the wide availability of graph databases. Such problems involve finding all ...

    Abstract The subgraph matching problem associated with large graphs is an emerging research challenge in graph search due to the growing size of the web, social, and metabolic graphs, and the wide availability of graph databases. Such problems involve finding all instances (aka embedding) of the small-sized query graph in the associated large-sized reference graph. Many state-of-the-art algorithms, including VF3, RI, CFL-Match, and Glasgow, exist to solve subgraph matching problem. RI is one of the fastest subgraph matching algorithms focusing mainly on time efficiency performance measures. However, other performance measures, such as the number of found instances of the query graph (embedding count), the method of ordering the query graph’s vertices, and the number of recursive calls, are crucial for the efficiency and effectiveness of the subgraph matching. In this paper, the RI+ algorithm is proposed as an enhanced version of RI, which has been designed using candidate region-based decomposition and ordering. Three novel candidate region orderings have been introduced, namely vertex-count, density, and average-path-length, based on the structural properties of the candidate regions. On empirical analysis of RI+ on real-world data sets, it was observed that RI+ shows significant improvement in efficiency and effectiveness over RI on both performance evaluation measures, namely, embedding count and search time. The influence of the proposed candidate region orderings on the search time of RI+ was also analyzed, revealing that a suitable candidate region ordering has the potential to improve the search time of the proposed algorithm.
    Keywords Subgraph isomorphism ; Graph search ; Eccentricity ; Candidate region ordering ; Large graph ; Embedding ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
    Subject code 511
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Seedling ectomycorrhization is central to conifer forest restoration

    Rezwana Assad / Zafar Ahmad Reshi / Irfan Rashid

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    a case study from Kashmir Himalaya

    2022  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Over the past few decades, many countries have attempted to carry out forest landscape restoration over millions of hectares of degraded land. Such efforts, however, have met with limited success because of several factors, including a lack of ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Over the past few decades, many countries have attempted to carry out forest landscape restoration over millions of hectares of degraded land. Such efforts, however, have met with limited success because of several factors, including a lack of adequate emphasis on ectomycorrhization of the nursery seedlings. A similar scenario is seen in the Kashmir Himalaya, where the natural regeneration of degraded forests is poor despite ample restoration efforts by forest managers. To overcome this challenge, we identified two promising ectomycorrhizal species, namely Clitocybe nuda and Cortinarius distans, for their use in ectomycorrhization of seedlings of three common conifers, namely Abies pindrow, Cedrus deodara, and Picea smithiana. Laboratory studies were carried out to investigate the requirements for optimum mycelial growth of these ectomycorrhizal fungi. Best ECM mycelial growth was obtained in the basic MMN medium containing glucose as the source of carbon and nitrogen in ammonium form. C. distans showed higher growth than C. nuda across all the treatments and also proved significantly more effective in enhancing the survival and growth of the conifer host plant seedlings. The present study resulted in standardizing the requirements for mass inoculum production of the two mycobionts which could help in successful forest restoration programmes.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Evaluating glacier surges in Karakoram region using earth observation data

    Ulfat Majeed / Irfan Rashid

    Data in Brief, Vol 30, Iss , Pp 105394- (2020)

    2020  

    Abstract: A glacier is said to be in a state of surge if it has abnormally high velocity and advances very rapidly (10–100 times faster than normal) in a short period of time (lasting few months to a few years). The glacier velocities can be easily assessed using ... ...

    Abstract A glacier is said to be in a state of surge if it has abnormally high velocity and advances very rapidly (10–100 times faster than normal) in a short period of time (lasting few months to a few years). The glacier velocities can be easily assessed using feature-tracking techniques and image correlation algorithms. The applications of multi-source remotely sensed imagery from open source platforms for understanding glacier surges has been discussed in this paper. This paper draws insights for understanding glacier surges in Karakoram region using remote sensing data from two recently published papers (Rashid et al., 2020, 2018). The use of remote sensing data from United States Geological Survey (USGS) and Planet Labs for assessing glacier surface velocity, movement/advance of snout, supraglacial debris cover dynamics and evolution of ice-dammed lake has been discussed.
    Keywords Glacier surges ; Remote sensing ; Glacier velocity ; Karakoram ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Ascertaining glacier dynamics and geodetic mass changes in the Pangong Region of Trans-Himalayan Ladakh using remote sensing data

    Irfan Rashid / Nadeem Ahmad Najar / Ulfat Majeed / Waseem Rasool

    Data in Brief, Vol 42, Iss , Pp 108176- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Glaciers in the Himalayan arc are receding rapidly in the eastern and western parts as compared to other regions. Contrararily, the glaciers in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh are comparatively stable. The differential retreat could be due to ... ...

    Abstract Glaciers in the Himalayan arc are receding rapidly in the eastern and western parts as compared to other regions. Contrararily, the glaciers in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh are comparatively stable. The differential retreat could be due to various climatic, topographic, and geologic influences. The use of multi-source remotely sensed imagery from open-source platforms and the GlabTop model has been discussed in this paper. This paper draws insights from a recently published paper which details the recession of 87 glaciers in the Trans Himalayan region of Ladakh using remote sensing data [1]. The use of remote sensing data from USGS and Planet Labs for assessing glacier area changes, frontal retreat, debris cover, topographic characteristics, and comparison with existing inventories has been discussed in this study. The geodetic mass changes have been assessed using SRTM and TanDEM-X of 2000 and 2012 respectively. The use of remotely sensed data discussed in this article will help glaciologists to better characterize and understand the glacier recession in the region. The GlabTop model has been used to simulate proglacial lake expansion to understand glacier-bed overdeepenings of four glaciers in the region. The GlabTop simulations will help disaster managers to better quantify the vulnerability and risk of downstream population and infrastructure to Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOFs).
    Keywords Glacier recession ; Remote sensing ; Geodetic mass changes ; Glacier inventory ; Ladakh Himalaya ; Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial

    Irfan Rashid / Mauri Pelto / Artur Gil / Muhammad Hasan Ali Baig

    Frontiers in Environmental Science, Vol

    Ecosystem and Hydrological Responses in Mountain Environments to the Changing Climate

    2022  Volume 10

    Keywords mountain lakes ; hydrological responses ; mountain ecosystems ; climate change ; glacier-induced hazards ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Understanding the role of natural and anthropogenic forcings in structuring the periphytic algal assemblages in a regulated river ecosystem

    Mohd Sharjeel Sofi / Aadil Hamid / Sami Ullah Bhat / Irfan Rashid / Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal

    Scientific Reports, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2023  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Periphytic algal assemblages in the River Sindh of Kashmir Himalaya were studied in relation to environmental factors and anthropogenic alterations like flow regulation for Run-of-River hydropower plants to understand their ecology in a ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Periphytic algal assemblages in the River Sindh of Kashmir Himalaya were studied in relation to environmental factors and anthropogenic alterations like flow regulation for Run-of-River hydropower plants to understand their ecology in a regulated river ecosystem. Sites were sampled from unregulated, regulated, and downstream reaches along the river on a seasonal basis from the year 2017 to 2019. A total of 48 species were identified, spread over 31 genera. Non-metric multidimensional analysis showed clear distinction in periphytic algal assemblage samples based on sites and potentially some more minor distinction based on seasons rendering the sites into two distinct groups (G1 and G2). The ADONIS test showed that the groups (G1 and G2 sites) do not significantly differ in terms of how communities differ from one another, but there is a difference in species compositions based on seasons. However, the betadisper test indicated that groups (G1 and G2 sites) and seasons present homogeneity among group dispersions (compositions vary similarly) while having significantly different compositions. Geo-physical factors (discharge and altitude) accounted for most variations, while the scraper community played a minor role. This study provides scientific insights related to the ecology of a regulated Himalayan river and may provide information relevant to managing the River Sindh sustainably.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Book ; Online: Efficient Subgraph Isomorphism Finding in Large Graphs using Eccentricity and Limiting Recursive Calls

    Ansari, Zubair Ali / Abulaish, Muhammad / Thoker, Irfan Rashid / Jahiruddin

    2023  

    Abstract: The subgraph isomorphism finding problem is a well-studied problem in the field of computer science and graph theory, and it aims to enumerate all instances of a query graph in the respective data graph. In this paper, we propose an efficient method, ... ...

    Abstract The subgraph isomorphism finding problem is a well-studied problem in the field of computer science and graph theory, and it aims to enumerate all instances of a query graph in the respective data graph. In this paper, we propose an efficient method, SubISO, to find subgraph isomorphisms using an objective function, which exploits some isomorphic invariants and eccentricity of the query graph's vertices. The proposed objective function is used to determine pivot vertex, which minimizes both number and size of the candidate regions in the data graph. SubISO also limits the maximum recursive calls of the generic SubgraphSearch function to deal with straggler queries for which most of the existing algorithms show exponential behaviour. The proposed approach is evaluated over three benchmark datasets. It is also compared with three well known subgraph isomorphism finding algorithms in terms of execution time, number of identified embeddings, and ability to deal with the straggler queries, and it performs significantly better.
    Keywords Computer Science - Databases
    Subject code 511
    Publishing date 2023-11-21
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: The satellite observed glacier mass changes over the Upper Indus Basin during 2000–2012

    Tariq Abdullah / Shakil Ahmad Romshoo / Irfan Rashid

    Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Abstract Decadal glacier thickness changes over the Upper Indus Basin in the Jammu and Kashmir Himalaya were estimated using the TanDEM-X and SRTM-C Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from 2000 to 2012. In the study area 12,243 glaciers having 19,727 ± 1, ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Decadal glacier thickness changes over the Upper Indus Basin in the Jammu and Kashmir Himalaya were estimated using the TanDEM-X and SRTM-C Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) from 2000 to 2012. In the study area 12,243 glaciers having 19,727 ± 1,054 km2 area have thinned on an average of − 0.35 ± 0.33 m a−1 during the observation period. The highest thinning of − 1.69 ± 0.60 m a−1 was observed in the Pir Panjal while as the marginal thinning of − 0.11 ± 0.32 m a−1 was observed for the glaciers in the Karakoram. The observed glacier thickness changes indicated a strong influence of the topographic parameters. Higher thickness reduction was observed on the glaciers situated at lower altitudes (− 1.40 ± 0.53 m a−1) and with shallower slopes (− 1.52 ± 0.40 m a−1). Significantly higher negative thickness changes were observed from the glaciers situated on the southern slopes (− 0.55 ± 0.37 m a−1). The thickness loss was higher on the debris-covered glaciers (− 0.50 ± 0.38 m a−1) than on the clean glaciers (− 0.32 ± 0.33 m a−1). The cumulative glacier mass loss of − 70.32 ± 66.69 Gt was observed during the observation period, which, if continued, would significantly affect the sustainability of water resources in the basin.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 550
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Time series analysis of climate variability and trends in Kashmir Himalaya

    Javaid M. Dad / M. Muslim / Irfan Rashid / Zafar A. Reshi

    Ecological Indicators, Vol 126, Iss , Pp 107690- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: The Himalayan region, due to its fragile ecology, is extremely vulnerable to even small perturbations in climate that might not only affect the pristine ecosystems but also the socioeconomic sectors across the mountain arc. In this study, we analyzed the ...

    Abstract The Himalayan region, due to its fragile ecology, is extremely vulnerable to even small perturbations in climate that might not only affect the pristine ecosystems but also the socioeconomic sectors across the mountain arc. In this study, we analyzed the climate variability and trends of change in precipitation and temperature for Kashmir Himalaya between 1980 and 2017. Investigations were carried out for six meteorological stations located within Kashmir valley. The non-parametric Mann–Kendall test was used for significance of trends in precipitation and temperature data on monthly, seasonal, and annual scales, while Sen’s non-parametric estimator of the slope was used to estimate the magnitude of trend. The results obtained indicate that the Kashmir region receives about 72% annual precipitation from Western Disturbances (WD) and 28% from Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). The influence of ISM was higher towards south Kashmir, while north Kashmir was mostly influenced by western disturbances. The contribution of ISM to total rainfall recorded a 10% increase for the time series. With noticeable inter-station variations, our results indicate statistically significant positive trends for both TMax (p < 0.05) and TMin (p < 0.01) across Kashmir valley. The station-wise deviation of observed temperature with the lapse-rate projected temperatures for 5 stations also showed deviation. On an annual scale, the TMax and TMin for the region have increased by 0.035 °C and 0.022 °C, indicating that increase is more in the case of TMax. Analysis of precipitation revealed a non-significant positive trend, with an annual increase of 0.4 mm a−1. Insignificant increasing trends were also observed during autumn, winter, and spring. On contrary, non-significant decreasing trends in precipitation were observed during summer. The station-wise precipitation variations were more evident for Kokernag and Qazigund which recorded increasing precipitation (p < 0.01), while Srinagar, Kupwara, and Pahalgam did not show any significant trend, and Gulmarg recorded a decreasing trend for precipitation. This shifting pattern in precipitation could have serious environmental implications that will greatly influence the food security and ecological sustainability of the region.
    Keywords Climate variability ; Kashmir Valley ; Mann–Kendall test ; Precipitation trends ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
    Subject code 910
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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