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Article: Delineating the Ultra-Low Misorientation between the Dislocation Cellular Structures in Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel.

Sun, Fei / Adachi, Yoshitaka / Sato, Kazuhisa / Ishimoto, Takuya / Nakano, Takayoshi / Koizumi, Yuichiro

2024 Volume 17, Issue 8

Abstract: Sub-micro dislocation cellular structures formed during rapid solidification break the strength-ductility trade-off in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed 316L stainless steel through high-density dislocations and segregated elements or precipitates ...

Abstract	Sub-micro dislocation cellular structures formed during rapid solidification break the strength-ductility trade-off in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)-processed 316L stainless steel through high-density dislocations and segregated elements or precipitates at the cellular boundaries. The high-density dislocation entangled at the cellular boundary accommodates solidification strains among the cellular structures and cooling stresses through elastoplastic deformation. Columnar grains with cellular structures typically form along the direction of thermal flux. However, the ultra-low misorientations between the adjacent cellular structures and their interactions with the cellular boundary formation remain unclear. In this study, we revealed the ultra-low misorientations between the cellular structures in LPBF-processed 316L stainless steel using conventional electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), transmission Kikuchi diffraction (TKD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The conventional EBSD and TKD analysis results could provide misorientation angles smaller than 2°, while the resolution mainly depends on the specimen quality and scanning step size, and so on. A TEM technique with higher spatial resolution provides accurate information between adjacent dislocation cells with misorientation angles smaller than 1°. This study presents evidence that the TEM method is the better and more precise analytical method for the misorientation measurement of the cellular structures and provides insights into measuring the small misorientation angles between adjacent dislocation cells and nanograins in nanostructured metals and alloys with ultrafine-grained microstructures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma17081851
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ibandronate Suppresses Changes in Apatite Orientation and Young's Modulus Caused by Estrogen Deficiency in Rat Vertebrae.

Ishimoto, Takuya / Saito, Mitsuru / Ozasa, Ryosuke / Matsumoto, Yoshihiro / Nakano, Takayoshi

Calcified tissue international

2022 Volume 110, Issue 6, Page(s) 736–745

Abstract: Bone material quality is important for evaluating the mechanical integrity of diseased and/or medically treated bones. However, compared to the knowledge accumulated regarding changes in bone mass, our understanding of the quality of bone material is ... ...

Abstract	Bone material quality is important for evaluating the mechanical integrity of diseased and/or medically treated bones. However, compared to the knowledge accumulated regarding changes in bone mass, our understanding of the quality of bone material is lacking. In this study, we clarified the changes in bone material quality mainly characterized by the preferential orientation of the apatite c-axis associated with estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis, and their prevention using ibandronate (IBN), a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate. IBN effectively prevented bone loss and degradation of whole bone strength in a dose-dependent manner. The estrogen-deficient condition abnormally increased the degree of apatite orientation along the craniocaudal axis in which principal stress is applied; IBN at higher doses played a role in maintaining the normal orientation of apatite but not at lower doses. The bone size-independent Young's modulus along the craniocaudal axis of the anterior cortical shell of the vertebra showed a significant and positive correlation with apatite orientation; therefore, the craniocaudal Young's modulus abnormally increased under estrogen-deficient conditions, despite a significant decrease in volumetric bone mineral density. However, the abnormal increase in craniocaudal Young's modulus did not compensate for the degradation of whole bone mechanical properties due to the bone loss. In conclusion, it was clarified that changes in the material quality, which are hidden in bone mass evaluation, occur with estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis and IBN treatment. Here, IBN was shown to be a beneficial drug that suppresses abnormal changes in bone mechanical integrity caused by estrogen deficiency at both the whole bone and material levels.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apatites ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/drug therapy ; Elastic Modulus ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Ibandronic Acid/pharmacology ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Rats ; Spine
Chemical Substances	Apatites ; Estrogens ; Ibandronic Acid (UMD7G2653W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	304266-2
ISSN	1432-0827 ; 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
ISSN (online)	1432-0827
ISSN	0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
DOI	10.1007/s00223-021-00940-2
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Zs.A 317: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Authors' Response to Letter from Professor Birkedal.

Ishimoto, Takuya / Kamioka, Hiroshi / Nakano, Takayoshi

Calcified tissue international

2021 Volume 110, Issue 1, Page(s) 144–145

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	304266-2
ISSN	1432-0827 ; 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
ISSN (online)	1432-0827
ISSN	0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
DOI	10.1007/s00223-021-00901-9
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Zs.A 317: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Adaptive enhancement of apatite crystal orientation and Young's modulus under elevated load in rat ulnar cortical bone.

Wang, Jun / Ishimoto, Takuya / Matsuzaka, Tadaaki / Matsugaki, Aira / Ozasa, Ryosuke / Matsumoto, Takuya / Hayashi, Mikako / Kim, Hyoung Seop / Nakano, Takayoshi

Bone

2024 Volume 181, Page(s) 117024

Abstract: Functional adaptation refers to the active modification of bone structure according to the mechanical loads applied daily to maintain its mechanical integrity and adapt to the environment. Functional adaptation relates to bone mass, bone mineral density ( ...

Abstract	Functional adaptation refers to the active modification of bone structure according to the mechanical loads applied daily to maintain its mechanical integrity and adapt to the environment. Functional adaptation relates to bone mass, bone mineral density (BMD), and bone morphology (e.g., trabecular bone architecture). In this study, we discovered for the first time that another form of bone functional adaptation of a cortical bone involves a change in bone quality determined by the preferential orientation of apatite nano-crystallite, a key component of the bone. An in vivo rat ulnar axial loading model was adopted, to which a 3-15 N compressive load was applied, resulting in approximately 440-3200 μɛ of compression in the bone surface. In the loaded ulnae, the degree of preferential apatite c-axis orientation along the ulnar long axis increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 13 N, whereas the increase in BMD was not dose-dependent. The Young's modulus along the same direction was enhanced as a function of the degree of apatite orientation. This finding indicates that bone has a mechanism that modifies the directionality (anisotropy) of its microstructure, strengthening itself specifically in the loaded direction. BMD, a scalar quantity, does not allow for load-direction-specific strengthening. Functional adaptation through changes in apatite orientation is an excellent strategy for bones to efficiently change their strength in response to external loading, which is mostly anisotropic.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Animals ; Apatites/chemistry ; Elastic Modulus ; Bone and Bones ; Cortical Bone ; Bone Density/physiology
Chemical Substances	Apatites
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632515-4
ISSN	1873-2763 ; 8756-3282
ISSN (online)	1873-2763
ISSN	8756-3282
DOI	10.1016/j.bone.2024.117024
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Zs.A 1571: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 332: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Quantitative Evaluation of Osteocyte Morphology and Bone Anisotropic Extracellular Matrix in Rat Femur.

Ishimoto, Takuya / Kawahara, Keita / Matsugaki, Aira / Kamioka, Hiroshi / Nakano, Takayoshi

Calcified tissue international

2021 Volume 109, Issue 4, Page(s) 434–444

Abstract: Osteocytes are believed to play a crucial role in mechanosensation and mechanotransduction which are important for maintenance of mechanical integrity of bone. Recent investigations have revealed that the preferential orientation of bone extracellular ... ...

Abstract	Osteocytes are believed to play a crucial role in mechanosensation and mechanotransduction which are important for maintenance of mechanical integrity of bone. Recent investigations have revealed that the preferential orientation of bone extracellular matrix (ECM) mainly composed of collagen fibers and apatite crystallites is one of the important determinants of bone mechanical integrity. However, the relationship between osteocytes and ECM orientation remains unclear. In this study, the association between ECM orientation and anisotropy in the osteocyte lacuno-canalicular system, which is thought to be optimized along with the mechanical stimuli, was investigated using male rat femur. The degree of ECM orientation along the femur longitudinal axis was significantly and positively correlated with the anisotropic features of the osteocyte lacunae and canaliculi. At the femur middiaphysis, there are the osteocytes with lacunae that highly aligned along the bone long axis (principal stress direction) and canaliculi that preferentially extended perpendicular to the bone long axis, and the highest degree of apatite c-axis orientation along the bone long axis was shown. Based on these data, we propose a model in which osteocytes can change their lacuno-canalicular architecture depending on the mechanical environment so that they can become more susceptible to mechanical stimuli via fluid flow in the canalicular channel.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anisotropy ; Extracellular Matrix ; Femur ; Male ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Osteocytes ; Rats
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	304266-2
ISSN	1432-0827 ; 0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
ISSN (online)	1432-0827
ISSN	0944-0747 ; 0008-0594 ; 0171-967X
DOI	10.1007/s00223-021-00852-1
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Article ; Online: A Novel Ex Vivo Bone Culture Model for Regulation of Collagen/Apatite Preferential Orientation by Mechanical Loading.

Watanabe, Ryota / Matsugaki, Aira / Ishimoto, Takuya / Ozasa, Ryosuke / Matsumoto, Takuya / Nakano, Takayoshi

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 13

Abstract: The anisotropic microstructure of bone, composed of collagen fibers and biological apatite crystallites, is an important determinant of its mechanical properties. Recent studies have revealed that the preferential orientation of collagen/apatite ... ...

Abstract	The anisotropic microstructure of bone, composed of collagen fibers and biological apatite crystallites, is an important determinant of its mechanical properties. Recent studies have revealed that the preferential orientation of collagen/apatite composites is closely related to the direction and magnitude of in vivo principal stress. However, the mechanism of alteration in the collagen/apatite microstructure to adapt to the mechanical environment remains unclear. In this study, we established a novel ex vivo bone culture system using embryonic mouse femurs, which enabled artificial control of the mechanical environment. The mineralized femur length significantly increased following cultivation; uniaxial mechanical loading promoted chondrocyte hypertrophy in the growth plates of embryonic mouse femurs. Compressive mechanical loading using the ex vivo bone culture system induced a higher anisotropic microstructure than that observed in the unloaded femur. Osteocytes in the anisotropic bone microstructure were elongated and aligned along the long axis of the femur, which corresponded to the principal loading direction. The ex vivo uniaxial mechanical loading successfully induced the formation of an oriented collagen/apatite microstructure via osteocyte mechano-sensation in a manner quite similar to the in vivo environment.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apatites/chemistry ; Bone and Bones ; Collagen/chemistry ; Femur ; Mice ; Osteocytes ; Stress, Mechanical
Chemical Substances	Apatites ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23137423
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Article ; Online: Combination treatment with ibandronate and eldecalcitol prevents osteoporotic bone loss and deterioration of bone quality characterized by nano-arrangement of the collagen/apatite in an ovariectomized aged rat model.

Ozasa, Ryosuke / Saito, Mitsuru / Ishimoto, Takuya / Matsugaki, Aira / Matsumoto, Yoshihiro / Nakano, Takayoshi

Bone

2022 Volume 157, Page(s) 116309

Abstract: Combination therapy with bisphosphonates and vitamin ... ...

Abstract	Combination therapy with bisphosphonates and vitamin D
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Apatites ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Collagen ; Estrogens/pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Ibandronic Acid/pharmacology ; Lumbar Vertebrae/diagnostic imaging ; Osteoporosis/drug therapy ; Ovariectomy ; Rats ; Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives
Chemical Substances	Apatites ; Estrogens ; Vitamin D (1406-16-2) ; Collagen (9007-34-5) ; eldecalcitol (I2JP8UE90H) ; Ibandronic Acid (UMD7G2653W)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	632515-4
ISSN	1873-2763 ; 8756-3282
ISSN (online)	1873-2763
ISSN	8756-3282
DOI	10.1016/j.bone.2021.116309
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Article ; Online: Big-Volume SliceGAN for Improving a Synthetic 3D Microstructure Image of Additive-Manufactured TYPE 316L Steel.

Sugiura, Keiya / Ogawa, Toshio / Adachi, Yoshitaka / Sun, Fei / Suzuki, Asuka / Yamanaka, Akinori / Nakada, Nobuo / Ishimoto, Takuya / Nakano, Takayoshi / Koizumi, Yuichiro

Journal of imaging

2023 Volume 9, Issue 5

Abstract: A modified SliceGAN architecture was proposed to generate a high-quality synthetic three-dimensional (3D) microstructure image of TYPE 316L material manufactured through additive methods. The quality of the resulting 3D image was evaluated using an auto- ... ...

Abstract	A modified SliceGAN architecture was proposed to generate a high-quality synthetic three-dimensional (3D) microstructure image of TYPE 316L material manufactured through additive methods. The quality of the resulting 3D image was evaluated using an auto-correlation function, and it was discovered that maintaining a high resolution while doubling the training image size was crucial in creating a more realistic synthetic 3D image. To meet this requirement, modified 3D image generator and critic architecture was developed within the SliceGAN framework.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2824270-1
ISSN	2313-433X ; 2313-433X
ISSN (online)	2313-433X
ISSN	2313-433X
DOI	10.3390/jimaging9050090
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Article ; Online: Quantitative Threshold Determination of Auditory Brainstem Responses in Mouse Models.

Tanaka, Kenji / Ohara, Shuma / Matsuzaka, Tadaaki / Matsugaki, Aira / Ishimoto, Takuya / Ozasa, Ryosuke / Kuroda, Yukiko / Matsuo, Koichi / Nakano, Takayoshi

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 14

Abstract: The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a scalp recording of potentials produced by sound stimulation, and is commonly used as an indicator of auditory function. However, the ABR threshold, which is the lowest audible sound pressure, cannot be ... ...

Abstract	The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is a scalp recording of potentials produced by sound stimulation, and is commonly used as an indicator of auditory function. However, the ABR threshold, which is the lowest audible sound pressure, cannot be objectively determined since it is determined visually using a measurer, and this has been a problem for several decades. Although various algorithms have been developed to objectively determine ABR thresholds, they remain lacking in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and convenience. Accordingly, we proposed an improved algorithm based on the mutual covariance at adjacent sound pressure levels. An ideal ABR waveform with clearly defined waves I-V was created; moreover, using this waveform as a standard template, the experimentally obtained ABR waveform was inspected for disturbances based on mutual covariance. The ABR testing was repeated if the value was below the established cross-covariance reference value. Our proposed method allowed more efficient objective determination of ABR thresholds and a smaller burden on experimental animals.
MeSH term(s)	Mice ; Animals ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem/physiology ; Acoustic Stimulation ; Auditory Threshold/physiology ; Hearing/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241411393
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Article ; Online: The effects of orthodontic anchor screw inserted into the femur of growth-phase or mature rats -Osteoid formation, bone mineral density, collagen fiber bundles, biological apatite crystal orientation.

Nishimura, Tatsuro / Matsunaga, Satoru / Kasahara, Masaaki / Kasahara, Norio / Nakano, Takayoshi / Ishimoto, Takuya / Yamamoto, Hitoshi / Abe, Shinichi / Nishii, Yasushi

Dental materials journal

2023 Volume 42, Issue 4, Page(s) 542–551

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of orthodontic anchor screws (OASs) inserted into the femur of growth-phase or mature rats using histological observation and bone structure analysis. The experimental animals are growth-phase (6- ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of orthodontic anchor screws (OASs) inserted into the femur of growth-phase or mature rats using histological observation and bone structure analysis. The experimental animals are growth-phase (6-week-old) or mature (25-week-old) male Wistar rats. OAS was placed into the point one-third of the femoral length from the proximal end of the femur, and the response of the surrounding bone was observed and measured. The results showed at the OAS bone interface, in growth-phase rats, bone mineral density (BMD) was reduced and the running angle of collagen fiber bundles varied significantly. In mature rats, more osteoid was observed and biological apatite (BAp) crystals showed a different orientation. It was suggested that after the insertion of OASs, bone volume and quality are decreased, but after a sufficient healing period, a new bone micro/nano structure, different from the original structure, are reconstructed.
MeSH term(s)	Rats ; Male ; Animals ; Bone Density/physiology ; Apatites/analysis ; Rats, Wistar ; Femur/surgery ; Femur/chemistry ; Femur/physiology ; Bone Screws ; Collagen/analysis
Chemical Substances	Apatites ; Collagen (9007-34-5)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-23
Publishing country	Japan
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605650-7
ISSN	1881-1361 ; 0287-4547
ISSN (online)	1881-1361
ISSN	0287-4547
DOI	10.4012/dmj.2022-209
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