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Article: Exploration of Community Care Awareness about COVID-19 Sterilization.

Hagag, Howaida M / Gharib, Amal F / Hassan, Asmaa F / Ismail, Khadiga A / Ramadan, Reem A / Khalifa, Osama M

2022 Volume 68, Issue 1

Abstract: Background: COVID-19 affects millions of people worldwide so WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic on 11 March 2020. Since the vaccine is in the early trial phase and until it proves its efficacy, the need of finding alternative methods, which can help to ... ...

Abstract	Background: COVID-19 affects millions of people worldwide so WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic on 11 March 2020. Since the vaccine is in the early trial phase and until it proves its efficacy, the need of finding alternative methods, which can help to curb this pandemic is urgent, so its prevention depends on standard infection control measures. This study's aim is to assess the knowledge, awareness, and practice level of Taif population towards Corona Virus disease - 2019 (COVID-19) sterilization. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 504 participants by administering a well-structured questionnaire comprising three sections including demographics, knowledge, attitude, and practice among the general population in Taif governorate KSA, over a duration of three months from July until September 2020. The descriptive analysis was carried out for demographics and dependent variables using the statistical program for social sciences. The t-test was used to detect any relationship between knowledge and practice score percentage of the general population response with respect to their gender and level of education. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 504 respondents willingly participated in the survey, there is a highly significant difference in the knowledge score percentage in respondents aged between 41 - 60 years old in comparison to the age group < 20 - 40 years old also between urban residence in comparison to rural residence, and a highly significant difference in the knowledge and practice score percentage in post graduate respondents in comparison to undergraduate. In addition, there was a significant difference in the practice score percentage in respondents aged between 41 - 60 years old in comparison to age group < 20 - 40, and a highly significant difference was seen in the practice score percentage in respondents living in urban areas in comparison to rural areas. Conclusions: The suggestion of this study was that knowledge and practice gaps among population, especially in the young age group, had to be covered by holding training programs through workshops or to include courses in the curriculum of ministry of health.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sterilization ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1307629-2
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
DOI	10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210520
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Article: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection Among Women: a Population-Based Controlled Study in Saudi Arabia.

Hawash, Yousry A / Ismail, Khadiga A / Jaafer, Najwa F / Ahmed, Gaber / Alpakistany, Tareq A / Khalifa, Osama M

Clinical laboratory

2022 Volume 68, Issue 6

Abstract: Background: Information on Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) infection in Saudi Arabia is scarce. The aim of study was to assess the burden and risk factors of T. vaginalis infection for a cohort of women living in Saudi Arabia.: Methods: Women ... ...

Abstract	Background: Information on Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) infection in Saudi Arabia is scarce. The aim of study was to assess the burden and risk factors of T. vaginalis infection for a cohort of women living in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Women aged ≥ 18 years who were seeking medical care at the King Faisal Medical Complex Gynecology Clinic in Taif city, Western Saudi Arabia, were enrolled in a non-randomized case-control study between June 2018 and May 2019. Participants were interviewed using a standard questionnaire for a number of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Vaginal swabs obtained from each participant were screened for T. vaginalis infection with direct wet mount smear microscopy, the OSOM Trichomonas rapid test 'OSOM Trich' (Genzyme Diagnostics, Cambridge, MA, USA) and a published nested PCR. Results: Over the study period, 155 women were recruited: 79 with symptoms of vaginitis (i.e. cases) and 76 with no symptoms (i.e. controls). The T. vaginalis infection was detected in ~20% (16/79) of cases and ~9% (7/76) of the controls by the nested PCR. Using the PCR test results as a gold standard, the wet mount microscopy's sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value were 69.5%, 100%, 94.9%, and 100%, respectively, whereas the OSOM Trich's were 86.9%, 100%, 97.7%, and 100%, respectively. The main high-risk factors included age between 30 and 39 years (~35%), marriage for 10 - 30 years (~62%), non-education (~41%), urban residence (~29%), and employment (~36%). Highly significant differences were observed concerning infection distribution among cases for the presence of lower abdominal pain (~64%) and abnormal vaginal discharge (38%) as presenting symptoms (χ2 = 20.42; p < 0.001 and χ2 = 5.63; p = 0.017, respectively). Conclusions: The burden of infection with T. vaginalis is unexpectedly high in the population studied. Regular screening for T. vaginalis infection, particularly in high-risk women, is required.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Trichomonas Vaginitis/diagnosis ; Trichomonas Vaginitis/epidemiology ; Trichomonas vaginalis
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-13
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1307629-2
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
DOI	10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210913
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Article: Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Neonatal Sepsis.

Mahmoud, Ahmed M / Alpakistany, Tariq A / Ismail, Khadiga A / Hawash, Yousry A / Jaafar, Najwa / Mohamed, Medhat M / Sami, Rokayya / Khalifa, Osama M

Clinical laboratory

2022 Volume 68, Issue 5

Abstract: Background: There is a sudden rise in infectious diseases, with special concern to the most recent SARS-CoV 2 outbreak. A retrospective study was conducted to study the effect of this outbreak on neonatal sepsis as a global issue that poses a challenge ... ...

Abstract	Background: There is a sudden rise in infectious diseases, with special concern to the most recent SARS-CoV 2 outbreak. A retrospective study was conducted to study the effect of this outbreak on neonatal sepsis as a global issue that poses a challenge for pediatric management and to identify its risk factors, microbial profile, and mortality rate at King Faisal Medical Complex, Taif, KSA, a COVID-19-tertiary care segregation hospital. Methods: This research included 111 neonates with a culture-proven diagnosis of neonatal sepsis (4 and 62 cases during 2019 and 2020, respectively). Results: During 2019 early onset sepsis (EOS) occurred in 6/49 (12.2%) while in 2020 22/62 (35.5%), and during 2019 late onset sepsis (LOS) occurred in 43/49 (87.7%) while in 2020 40/62 (64.5%). Premature rupture of membrane was the major neonatal risk factor for EOS during 2019 and 2020 with proportions of 4 (66.7%), 20 (90.9%); respectively. As regards LOS, the peripherally inserted central catheters and peripheral lines were the top neonatal risk factors. In the two-year outbreak, the most prevalent causative organism for EOS neonates was Escherichia coli and for LOS neonates it was Klebsiella. There was non-significant change in the mortality rate of neonatal sepsis between 2019 and 2020. However, the mortality rate was higher in EOS 9/22 (40.9%) in 2020 in comparison to 2/6 (33.3%) in 2019. Conclusions: Neonatal sepsis remains a major health problem causing serious morbidity and mortality, and health care policy makers have to implement EOS preventive measures.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19/epidemiology ; Child ; Escherichia coli ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Neonatal Sepsis/diagnosis ; Neonatal Sepsis/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis/diagnosis ; Sepsis/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-10
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1307629-2
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
ISSN	1433-6510 ; 0941-2131
DOI	10.7754/Clin.Lab.2021.210711
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Article: Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A as a Molecular Marker for Aggressiveness and Survival in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Alzahrani, Rajab / Alrehaili, Amani A / Gharib, Amal F / Anjum, Farah / Ismail, Khadiga A / Elsawy, Wael H

Journal of cancer prevention

2020 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 21–26

Abstract: Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been identified as one of the most commonly altered proteins in human cancers. It blocks the tumor-suppressive action of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex and enhances malignancy. Thirty-five ... ...

Abstract	Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) has been identified as one of the most commonly altered proteins in human cancers. It blocks the tumor-suppressive action of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex and enhances malignancy. Thirty-five patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity underwent surgical resection of the tumor. CIP2A was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR in the resected tumor tissues and in their adjacent normal tissues. CIP2A was found to be overexpressed in all oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) specimens in comparison to their surrounding normal tissue. CIP2A overexpression was statistically correlated with poor prognostic feature of the tumor. Thus, a high expression level of CIP2A was associated with shorter survival. In conclusion, CIP2A is upregulated in OSCC, and its overexpression is correlated with aggressiveness of the tumor and poor outcome and survival. It may serve as a prognostic marker of OSCC.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-24
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3019805-7
ISSN	2288-3657 ; 2288-3649
ISSN (online)	2288-3657
ISSN	2288-3649
DOI	10.15430/JCP.2020.25.1.21
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Article ; Online: Genotypes of Hepatitis C Virus and Efficacy of Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs among Chronic Hepatitis C Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Hawsawi, Nahed Mohammed / Saber, Tamer / Salama, Hussein M / Fouad, Walaa S / Hagag, Howaida M / Alhuthali, Hayaa M / Eed, Emad M / Saber, Taisir / Ismail, Khadiga A / Al Qurashi, Hesham H / Altowairqi, Samir / Samaha, Mohmmad / El-Hossary, Dalia

Tropical medicine and infectious disease

2023 Volume 8, Issue 2

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is a major causative factor for several chronic liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis, liver cell failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCV has seven major genotypes. Genotype 4 is the most prevalent ... ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection is a major causative factor for several chronic liver diseases, including liver cirrhosis, liver cell failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCV has seven major genotypes. Genotype 4 is the most prevalent genotype in the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, followed by genotype 1. The HCV genotype affects the response to different HCV treatments and the progression of liver disease. Currently, combinations of direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) approved for the treatment of HCV achieve high cure rates with minimal adverse effects. Because real-world data from Saudi Arabia about the efficacy of DAAs are still limited, this study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of DAAs in treating patients with chronic hepatitis C and to identify the variables related to a sustained virologic response (SVR) in a real-world setting in Saudi Arabia. This prospective cohort study included 200 Saudi patients with chronic HCV who were 18 years of age or older and had been treated with DAAs at King Abdul-Aziz Specialized Hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, between September 2018 and March 2021. The response to treatment was assessed by whether or not an SVR had been achieved at week 12 post treatment (SVR12). An SVR12 was reached in 97.5% of patients. SVR12 rates were comparable for patients of different ages, between men and women, and between patients with and without cirrhosis. In addition, the SVR12 rates did not differ according to the infecting HCV genotype. In this study, the presence of cirrhosis and the patient's gender were independent predictors of who would not reach an SVR12 (known here as the non-SVR12 group) according to the results of univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses based on the determinants of SVR12. In this population of patients with chronic HCV infection, all DAA regimens achieved very high SVR12 rates. The patients' gender and the presence of cirrhosis were independent factors of a poor response.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2414-6366
ISSN (online)	2414-6366
DOI	10.3390/tropicalmed8020092
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Article ; Online: High Frequency of Enteric Protozoan, Viral, and Bacterial Potential Pathogens in Community-Acquired Acute Diarrheal Episodes: Evidence Based on Results of Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel Assay.

Hawash, Yousry A / Ismail, Khadiga A / Almehmadi, Mazen

The Korean journal of parasitology

2017 Volume 55, Issue 5, Page(s) 513–521

Abstract: Infectious diarrhea is endemic in most developing countries. We aimed to investigate the protozoan, viral, and bacterial causes of acute diarrhea in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional prospective 1-year study was conducted on 163 diarrheal patients of ...

Abstract	Infectious diarrhea is endemic in most developing countries. We aimed to investigate the protozoan, viral, and bacterial causes of acute diarrhea in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional prospective 1-year study was conducted on 163 diarrheal patients of various ages. Stool samples were collected, 1 per patient, and tested for 3 protozoa, 3 viruses, and 9 bacteria with the Luminex Gastrointestinal Pathogen Panel. Overall, 53.4% (87/163) of samples were positives (20.8% protozoa, 19.6% viruses, 2.8% bacteria, and 9.8% mixed). Rotavirus (19.6%), Giardia duodenalis (16.5%), and Cryptosporidium spp. (8.5%) were the mostly detected pathogens. Adenovirus 40/41 (4.2%), Salmonella (3%), Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (3%), and Entamoeba histolytica (2.4%) were also detected. Norovirus GI/II, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Clostridium difficile toxin A/B were not detected in any patients. All pathogens were involved in coinfections except E. histolytica. Giardia (5.5%) and rotavirus (3%) were the most commonly detected in co-infections. Enterotoxigenic E. coli (2.4%), Campylobacter spp. (2.4%), E. coli 0157 (1.8%), and Shigella spp. (1.2%) were detected in patients only as co-infections. Infections were more in children 0-4 years, less in adults <40 years, and least >40 years, with statistically significant differences in risk across age groups observed with rotavirus (P<0.001), Giardia (P=0.006), and Cryptosporidium (P=0.036) infections. Lastly, infections were not significantly more in the spring. This report demonstrates the high burden of various enteropathogens in the setting. Further studies are needed to define the impact of these findings on the clinical course of the disease.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-10
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	286875-1
ISSN	1738-0006 ; 0023-4001
ISSN (online)	1738-0006
ISSN	0023-4001
DOI	10.3347/kjp.2017.55.5.513
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Article: Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of

Hashem, Youserya M / Mousa, Walid S / Abdeen, Eman E / Abdelkhalek, Hanaa M / Nooruzzaman, Mohammed / El-Askary, Ahmad / Ismail, Khadiga A / Megahed, Ayman M / Abdeen, Ahmed / Soliman, Enas A / Wareth, Gamal

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome associated with high mortality in young calves and causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of ... ...

Abstract	Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome associated with high mortality in young calves and causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of common bacterial pathogens associated with respiratory symptoms in young calves from Sadat City, one of the largest industrial cities in Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt. In between December 2020 and March 2021, 200 mixed-breed young calves of 6-12 months were examined clinically. Of them, sixty (30%) calves showed signs of respiratory manifestations, such as coughing, serous to mucopurulent nasal discharges, fever, and abnormal lung sound. Deep nasal (Nasopharyngeal) swabs were collected from the affected calves for bacteriological investigation. Phenotypic characterization and identification revealed
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12030312
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Article: Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Mycoplasma Species, Pasteurella multocida, and Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Calves with Respiratory Manifestations

Hashem, Youserya M. / Mousa, Walid S. / Abdeen, Eman E. / Abdelkhalek, Hanaa M. / Nooruzzaman, Mohammed / El-Askary, Ahmad / Ismail, Khadiga A. / Megahed, Ayman M. / Abdeen, Ahmed / Soliman, Enas A. / Wareth, Gamal

Animals. 2022 Jan. 27, v. 12, no. 3

2022

Abstract	Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a complex syndrome associated with high mortality in young calves and causes severe economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The current study investigated the prevalence and molecular characterization of common bacterial pathogens associated with respiratory symptoms in young calves from Sadat City, one of the largest industrial cities in Menoufiya Governorate, Egypt. In between December 2020 and March 2021, 200 mixed-breed young calves of 6–12 months were examined clinically. Of them, sixty (30%) calves showed signs of respiratory manifestations, such as coughing, serous to mucopurulent nasal discharges, fever, and abnormal lung sound. Deep nasal (Nasopharyngeal) swabs were collected from the affected calves for bacteriological investigation. Phenotypic characterization and identification revealed Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, Pasteurella multocida, and Staphylococcus aureus in 8.33%, 5%, 5%, and 5% of the tested samples, respectively. The PCR technique using species-specific primer sets successfully amplified the target bacterial DNA in all culture-positive samples, confirming the identity of the isolated bacterial species. Partial gene sequencing of 16S rRNA gene of M. bovigenitalium, P. multocida, and S. aureus, and mb-mp 81 gene of M. bovis revealed high nucleotide similarity and genetic relationship with respective bacterial species reported from Egypt and around the world, suggesting transmission of these bacterial species between animal host species and localities. Our study highlights the four important bacterial strains associated with respiratory disorders in calves and suggests the possible spread of these bacterial pathogens across animal species and different geographic locations. Further studies using WGS and a large number of isolates are required to investigate the realistic lineage of Egyptian isolates and globally.
Keywords	Mycoplasma bovigenitalium ; Mycoplasma bovis ; Pasteurella multocida ; Staphylococcus aureus ; bovine respiratory disease ; cattle industry ; fever ; genes ; genetic relationships ; hosts ; lungs ; mixed breeds ; mortality ; nose ; phenotype ; polymerase chain reaction ; Egypt
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0127
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12030312
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Prevalence, toxin gene profile, genotypes and antibiotic susceptibility of

Saber, Taisir / Hawash, Yousry A / Ismail, Khadiga A / Khalifa, Amany S / Alsharif, Khalaf F / Alghamdi, Saleh A / Saber, Tamer / Eed, Emad M

Indian journal of medical microbiology

2020 Volume 38, Issue 2, Page(s) 176–182

Abstract: Purpose: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an important causative agent of nosocomial diarrhoea and has become a major worldwide public health concern. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of C. difficile infection (CDI) ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is an important causative agent of nosocomial diarrhoea and has become a major worldwide public health concern. The current study was conducted to determine the prevalence of C. difficile infection (CDI) amongst patients with nosocomial diarrhoea in a large tertiary care hospital in Taif, Saudi Arabia, and to define molecular characteristics and antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of C. difficile strains isolated from those patients. Materials and methods: Stool specimens were collected from 456 patients and were cultured for C. difficile isolation. The isolates were subjected to multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting genes encoding the toxins (toxin A, toxin B and binary toxin [CDT]), genotyping by PCR ribotyping method and antimicrobial sensitivity testing using E test strips. Results: Seventy-four C. difficile strains were recovered, of which 44 (59.5%) were A Conclusion: Further larger studies are required for an accurate understanding of CDI epidemiology in Saudi Arabia.
MeSH term(s)	ADP Ribose Transferases/genetics ; Adult ; Aged ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Clostridioides difficile/drug effects ; Clostridioides difficile/genetics ; Clostridioides difficile/isolation & purification ; Clostridium Infections/epidemiology ; Clostridium Infections/microbiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Enterotoxins/genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Ribotyping ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology ; Tertiary Care Centers ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Proteins ; Bacterial Toxins ; Enterotoxins ; tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile ; toxB protein, Clostridium difficile ; ADP Ribose Transferases (EC 2.4.2.-) ; actin-specific ADP-ribosyltransferase, Clostridium (EC 2.4.2.31)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1038798-5
ISSN	1998-3646 ; 0255-0857
ISSN (online)	1998-3646
ISSN	0255-0857
DOI	10.4103/ijmm.IJMM_20_300
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Article ; Online: Dientamoeba fragilis Infection in Patients with Digestive and Non-Digestive Symptoms: A Case-Control Study.

Hawash, Yousry A / Ismail, Khadiga A / Saber, Taisir / Eed, Emad M / Khalifa, Amany S / Alsharif, Khalaf F / Alghamdi, Saleh A

The Korean journal of parasitology

2020 Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 129–134

Abstract: In most developing countries, Dientamoeba fragilis infection is an obscure protozoan infection. We aimed to determine a frequency and clinical importance of D. fragilis infection in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A 1-year case control study included patients with ... ...

Abstract	In most developing countries, Dientamoeba fragilis infection is an obscure protozoan infection. We aimed to determine a frequency and clinical importance of D. fragilis infection in Taif, Saudi Arabia. A 1-year case control study included patients with gastrointestinal (cases, n=114) or non-gastrointestinal symptoms (controls, n=90). The fecal samples were examined with the classical parasitological methods for intestinal protozoa, and by real time PCR for D. fragilis. The infection by D. fragilis was detected in 5.8% by PCR and in 4.4% patients by microscopy. The infection was identified more in control group (n=9) than in cases (n=3); a sole infection in 11 patients and mixed with Giardia in 1 patient. The other enteric parasites detected were Blastocystis sp. (8.3%), Giardia sp. (5.3%), Cryptosporidium sp. (2.9%), Entamoeba histolytica (1.4%), Entamoeba coli (0.9%) and Hymenolepis nana (0.4%). Our results tend to reinforce the need to increase awareness of D. fragilis infection in Saudi Arabia.
MeSH term(s)	Asymptomatic Diseases ; Case-Control Studies ; Dientamoeba/isolation & purification ; Dientamoebiasis/epidemiology ; Dientamoebiasis/parasitology ; Digestive System Diseases ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-30
Publishing country	Korea (South)
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	286875-1
ISSN	1738-0006 ; 0023-4001
ISSN (online)	1738-0006
ISSN	0023-4001
DOI	10.3347/kjp.2020.58.2.129
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