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Article ; Online: Commentary on "Contemporary Practice as a Board-Certified Pediatric Clinical Specialist: A Practice Analysis".

Donahoe-Fillmore, Betsy / Iverson, Erin

Pediatric physical therapy : the official publication of the Section on Pediatrics of the American Physical Therapy Association

2020 Volume 32, Issue 4, Page(s) 355

MeSH term(s)	Certification ; Child ; Humans
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-31
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1036679-9
ISSN	1538-005X ; 0898-5669
ISSN (online)	1538-005X
ISSN	0898-5669
DOI	10.1097/PEP.0000000000000732
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Zs.A 2712: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Pediatric subspecialty healthcare providers' views of recruitment during a randomized controlled trial of a mobile health intervention.

Sayegh, Caitlin S / Iverson, Ellen / MacDonell, Karen K / West, Amy E / Belzer, Marvin

Contemporary clinical trials communications

2023 Volume 33, Page(s) 101121

Abstract: Background: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) enrolling pediatric populations often struggle with recruitment. Engaging healthcare providers in the recruitment process may increase patients' and caregivers' willingness to participate in research. The ... ...

Abstract	Background: Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) enrolling pediatric populations often struggle with recruitment. Engaging healthcare providers in the recruitment process may increase patients' and caregivers' willingness to participate in research. The purpose of this study was to understand the perspectives of pediatric subspecialty healthcare providers considering recruiting patients to participate in an mobile health (mHealth) RCT. Methods: We conducted 9 semi-structured interviews and 1 focus group with a total of Results: Providers indicated that they were willing to recruit for this study because they believed that the intervention sought to address a significant problem. They also thought it made sense to intervene using technology for this age group. However, many providers thought that certain patients (e.g., those with mild, shorter-lasting adherence difficulties) were the most appropriate to recruit. They described how keeping the trial front of mind facilitated recruitment, and they advised researchers to use strategies to promote their ongoing awareness of the study if conducting similar research in the future. Conclusion: Pediatric healthcare providers are important stakeholders in mHealth intervention research. Engaging them in participant recruitment is a complex endeavor that might promote patient enrollment, but their views of research and demanding clinical roles are important to understand when designing study procedures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2451-8654
ISSN (online)	2451-8654
DOI	10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101121
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Article ; Online: Youth perspectives on mobile health adherence interventions: A qualitative study guided by the supportive accountability model.

Sayegh, Caitlin S / Iverson, Ellen / MacDonell, Karen K / Wu, Shinyi / Belzer, Marvin

Patient education and counseling

2023 Volume 119, Page(s) 108079

Abstract: Objective: We applied a Supportive Accountability Model lens to understand how youth view remote human coaching versus automated reminders targeting medication adherence.: Methods: We used thematic analysis to interpret (N = 22) youths' responses to ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We applied a Supportive Accountability Model lens to understand how youth view remote human coaching versus automated reminders targeting medication adherence. Methods: We used thematic analysis to interpret (N = 22) youths' responses to semi-structured interviews after 12 weeks of mobile health intervention. Results: Participants reported that both coaching and automated reminders prompted them to take medication, improving their adherence. Participants found coaching helpful because they developed routines and strategies, were motivated to avoid disappointing their coach, and felt their coach cared for them. Automated support could be motivational for some but demanded less engagement. Participants described phone calls as disruptive to their daily lives, but conducive to developing a personal connection with their coach, whereas texts were easier and more flexible. Youth emphasized that individual preferences often differ. Conclusion: Human coaching was viewed as a more potent, engaging adherence intervention than automated reminders, although individual needs and preferences differed. Phone calls may enhance the experience of supportive accountability for adherence, but also pose greater acceptability and usability barriers than texting. Practice implications: Intervention developers should provide opportunities for youth to make personal connections with human adherence supporters and attend to youth preferences for communication modality.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Adolescent ; Text Messaging ; Qualitative Research ; Telephone ; Telemedicine ; Medication Adherence
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-21
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605590-4
ISSN	1873-5134 ; 0738-3991
ISSN (online)	1873-5134
ISSN	0738-3991
DOI	10.1016/j.pec.2023.108079
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Zs.A 1465: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Influenza A virus diffusion through mucus gel networks.

Kaler, Logan / Iverson, Ethan / Bader, Shahed / Song, Daniel / Scull, Margaret A / Duncan, Gregg A

Communications biology

2022 Volume 5, Issue 1, Page(s) 249

Abstract: Mucus in the lung plays an essential role as a barrier to infection by viral pathogens such as influenza A virus (IAV). Previous work determined mucin-associated sialic acid acts as a decoy receptor for IAV hemagglutinin (HA) binding and the sialic-acid ... ...

Abstract	Mucus in the lung plays an essential role as a barrier to infection by viral pathogens such as influenza A virus (IAV). Previous work determined mucin-associated sialic acid acts as a decoy receptor for IAV hemagglutinin (HA) binding and the sialic-acid cleaving enzyme, neuraminidase (NA), facilitates virus passage through mucus. However, it has yet to be fully addressed how the physical structure of the mucus gel influences its barrier function and its ability to trap viruses via glycan mediated interactions to prevent infection. To address this, IAV and nanoparticle diffusion in human airway mucus and mucin-based hydrogels is quantified using fluorescence video microscopy. We find the mobility of IAV in mucus is significantly influenced by the mesh structure of the gel and in contrast to prior reports, these effects likely influence virus passage through mucus gels to a greater extent than HA and NA activity. In addition, an analytical approach is developed to estimate the binding affinity of IAV to the mucus meshwork, yielding dissociation constants in the mM range, indicative of weak IAV-mucus binding. Our results provide important insights on how the adhesive and physical barrier properties of mucus influence the dissemination of IAV within the lung microenvironment.
MeSH term(s)	Gels ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/metabolism ; Humans ; Influenza A virus/physiology ; Mucins/metabolism ; Mucus/metabolism ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Gels ; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus ; Mucins ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid (GZP2782OP0)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	2399-3642
ISSN (online)	2399-3642
DOI	10.1038/s42003-022-03204-3
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Article ; Online: MUC5B mobilizes and MUC5AC spatially aligns mucociliary transport on human airway epithelium.

Song, Daniel / Iverson, Ethan / Kaler, Logan / Boboltz, Allison / Scull, Margaret A / Duncan, Gregg A

Science advances

2022 Volume 8, Issue 47, Page(s) eabq5049

Abstract: Secreted mucus is a frontline defense against respiratory infection, enabling the capture and swift removal of infectious or irritating agents from the lungs. Airway mucus is composed of two mucins: mucin 5B (MUC5B) and 5AC (MUC5AC). Together, they form ... ...

Abstract	Secreted mucus is a frontline defense against respiratory infection, enabling the capture and swift removal of infectious or irritating agents from the lungs. Airway mucus is composed of two mucins: mucin 5B (MUC5B) and 5AC (MUC5AC). Together, they form a hydrogel that can be actively transported by cilia along the airway surface. In chronic respiratory diseases, abnormal expression of these mucins is directly implicated in dysfunctional mucus clearance. Yet, the role of each mucin in supporting normal mucus transport remains unclear. Here, we generate human airway epithelial tissue cultures deficient in either MUC5B or MUC5AC to understand their individual contributions to mucus transport. We find that MUC5B and MUC5AC deficiency results in impaired and discoordinated mucociliary transport, respectively, demonstrating the importance of each mucin to airway clearance.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mucin-5B/genetics ; Mucociliary Clearance ; Epithelium ; Cilia ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; Mucin 5AC/genetics
Chemical Substances	Mucin-5B ; MUC5B protein, human ; MUC5AC protein, human ; Mucin 5AC
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2810933-8
ISSN	2375-2548 ; 2375-2548
ISSN (online)	2375-2548
ISSN	2375-2548
DOI	10.1126/sciadv.abq5049
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Article ; Online: Immunofluorescence-Mediated Detection of Respiratory Virus Infections in Human Airway Epithelial Cultures.

Gagliardi, Talita B / Iverson, Ethan / DeGrace, Emma J / Rosenberg, Brad R / Scull, Margaret A

Current protocols

2022 Volume 2, Issue 6, Page(s) e453

Abstract: A diverse collection of viral pathogens target airway epithelial cells for infection, with effects ranging from mild upper respiratory tract symptoms to death of the infected individual. Among these pathogens are recently discovered and/or emergent ... ...

Abstract	A diverse collection of viral pathogens target airway epithelial cells for infection, with effects ranging from mild upper respiratory tract symptoms to death of the infected individual. Among these pathogens are recently discovered and/or emergent viruses that sometimes fail to infect commonly used, immortalized cell lines and for which infection phenotypes in the respiratory tract remain unknown. Human airway epithelial cultures have been developed over the past several decades and have proven to be a useful model system in culturing hard-to-grow viruses and assaying various features of infection in a physiologically relevant setting. This article includes methods for the generation of well-differentiated human airway epithelial cell cultures at air-liquid interface that recapitulate the mucosal epithelium of the trachea/bronchus in vivo. We further detail inoculation of these cultures with respiratory viruses-specifically rhinovirus, influenza virus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-and provide a protocol for the detection of double-stranded RNA or viral antigen-positive cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. These techniques, together with a post-imaging analysis, can be applied to characterize the efficiency of infection and kinetics of spread within the airway epithelium. Furthermore, these methods can be utilized in conjunction with antibodies against cellular targets to determine cell tropism and colocalization with specific host factors during infection. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Generation of human airway epithelial cultures at air-liquid interface (HAE-ALI) Basic Protocol 2: Viral inoculation of HAE-ALI Basic Protocol 3: Immunofluorescence (IF)-based detection of infected cells in HAE-ALI.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Epithelial Cells ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Respiratory System ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2691-1299
ISSN (online)	2691-1299
DOI	10.1002/cpz1.453
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Article ; Online: Associations of Reproductive Health Concerns, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Stress Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Chronic Illness.

Iverson, Ellen / Brammer, Whitney A / Osorio, Brenda / Tanaka, Diane / Cuevas, Rachel

Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP

2022 Volume 43, Issue 8, Page(s) e515–e524

Abstract: Objective: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with chronic illness are as sexually active and interested in having children as healthy peers. Few studies have examined the intersection of managing chronic illness and concerns about realizing ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with chronic illness are as sexually active and interested in having children as healthy peers. Few studies have examined the intersection of managing chronic illness and concerns about realizing reproductive goals, including fertility, pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting. Even less is understood regarding how these concerns might be associated with psychological distress. This study examines associations between the reproductive health concerns (RHC) and health-related stress of AYA patients living with chronic conditions including rheumatologic, cardiac, pulmonology, gastrointestinal disorders, and solid organ transplant. Methods: A total of 140 patients aged 15 to 20 years (68% female; 81% Hispanic/Latinx) recruited from a transition program located at a safety-net pediatric institution completed surveys examining multiple dimensions of RHC and health-related quality of life (life satisfaction, illness burden, and illness-related anxiety) and condition-related stress. Exploratory factor analyses of RHC variables yielded 3 factors used in regression analyses to identify convergent validity of RHC factors with health-related mental health measures. Results: Three RHC factor loadings emerged: concern about availability to raise children (timing/future), impact of condition/medication on fertility and childbearing (pregnancy/fertility), and impact of condition on motivation to have children (motivation/decision-making). Positive associations were found between all RHC factors and illness-related anxiety; condition-related stress was associated with motivation/decision-making. Conclusion: RHC, health-related anxiety, and stress can impede healthy sexual and reproductive health and development of AYA living with chronic conditions. Providers' proactive exploration of patients' concerns about their reproductive future can offer critical support as they navigate the unique existential challenges of early adulthood.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Anxiety ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Quality of Life ; Reproductive Health ; Sexual Behavior ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	603379-9
ISSN	1536-7312 ; 0196-206X
ISSN (online)	1536-7312
ISSN	0196-206X
DOI	10.1097/DBP.0000000000001107
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Zs.A 1582: Show issues

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Article: COVID-19's Impact on Substance Use and Well-Being of Younger Adult Cannabis Users in California: A Mixed Methods Inquiry.

Fedorova, Ekaterina V / Wong, Carolyn F / Conn, Bridgid M / Ataiants, Janna / Iverson, Ellen / Lankenau, Stephen E

Journal of drug issues

2022 Volume 52, Issue 2, Page(s) 207–224

Abstract: Few qualitative studies have examined the impact of COVID-19 on cannabis and alcohol use, and overall well-being among cannabis users. Cannabis users (aged 26-32) were surveyed quantitatively (n=158) and interviewed qualitatively (n=29) in April 2020-May ...

Abstract	Few qualitative studies have examined the impact of COVID-19 on cannabis and alcohol use, and overall well-being among cannabis users. Cannabis users (aged 26-32) were surveyed quantitatively (n=158) and interviewed qualitatively (n=29) in April 2020-May 2021 in Los Angeles. 63.3% of the quantitative sample reported increasing use of either cannabis (29.1%) or alcohol (15.2%) or both (19.0%) following the COVID-19 outbreak. Qualitative data revealed that increases in cannabis and alcohol use were largely attributed to changes in employment and staying at home resulting in fewer impediments and boredom. Themes of loneliness and utilization of various coping strategies were more pronounced among those who increased cannabis and/or alcohol use. For some, increases in cannabis/alcohol use were temporary until participants adjusted to "a new normal" or embraced more adaptive coping strategies. Results suggest monitoring cannabis/alcohol use trends and identifying coping strategies to reduce the pandemic's impact on substance use and mental health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	188955-2
ISSN	0022-0426
ISSN	0022-0426
DOI	10.1177/00220426211052673
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Article ; Online: Coping Motives Mediate the Association of Trauma History with Problematic Cannabis Use in Young Adult Medical Cannabis Patients and Non-Patient Cannabis Users.

Brammer, Whitney A / Conn, Bridgid M / Iverson, Ellen / Lankenau, Stephen E / Dodson, Chaka / Wong, Carolyn F

Substance use & misuse

2022 Volume 57, Issue 5, Page(s) 684–697

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Cannabis ; Humans ; Medical Marijuana ; Motivation ; Sleep ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Medical Marijuana
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1310358-1
ISSN	1532-2491 ; 1082-6084
ISSN (online)	1532-2491
ISSN	1082-6084
DOI	10.1080/10826084.2022.2026970
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Article: Mucus physically restricts influenza A viral particle access to the epithelium.

Kaler, Logan / Engle, Elizabeth M / Iverson, Ethan / Boboltz, Allison / Ignacio, Maxinne A / Rife, Maria / Scull, Margaret A / Duncan, Gregg A

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Prior work suggests influenza A virus (IAV) crosses the airway mucus barrier in a sialic acid-dependent manner through the actions of the viral envelope proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. However, host and viral factors that influence how ... ...

Abstract	Prior work suggests influenza A virus (IAV) crosses the airway mucus barrier in a sialic acid-dependent manner through the actions of the viral envelope proteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. However, host and viral factors that influence how efficiently mucus traps IAV remain poorly defined. In this work, we assessed how the physicochemical properties of mucus influence its ability to effectively capture IAV with altered sialic acid preference using fluorescence video microscopy and multiple particle tracking. We found an airway mucus gel layer must be produced with pores on the order of size of the virus to physically constrain IAV. Sialic acid binding by IAV also improves mucus trapping efficiency, but interestingly, sialic acid preferences had little impact on the fraction of IAV particles expected to penetrate the mucus barrier. Together, this work provides new insights on mucus barrier function toward IAV with important implications on innate host defense and interspecies transmission.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.08.14.553271
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