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  1. Article ; Online: El género de milpiés Cylindroiulus Verhoeff, 1894 (Diplopoda

    Helen J. Read

    Graellsia, Vol 78, Iss

    Julida; Julidae) en España: citas recientes y descripción de tres nuevas especies del País Vasco, Navarra, Andalucía y Cataluña

    2022  Volume 1

    Abstract: Se han examinado dos cuantiosas colecciones de Cylindroiulus (una del País Vasco y Navarra y otra de Andalucía), y se han suplementado con otras, más pequeñas, de otras áreas de España; en total se han encontrado 10 especies. Se han descrito tres nuevas ... ...

    Abstract Se han examinado dos cuantiosas colecciones de Cylindroiulus (una del País Vasco y Navarra y otra de Andalucía), y se han suplementado con otras, más pequeñas, de otras áreas de España; en total se han encontrado 10 especies. Se han descrito tres nuevas especies: C. caramelos sp. nov., C. elosegiorum sp. nov. y C. karinhansorum sp. nov. Las otras siete especies fueron: C. londinensis (Leach, 1814), C. franzi Attems, 1952, C. punctatus (Leach, 1815), C. pyrenaicus Brölemann, 1897, C. sagittarius Brölemann, 1897, C. sanctimichaelis Attems, 1927 y C. unciger Attems, 1952. Se presenta información sobre esas especies, añadiéndola a la ya disponible. Se hacen comentarios sobre el difícil grupo londinensis, que parece ser especialmente rico en especies en la península ibérica. Se sugieren futuras líneas de investigación para este grupo, incluyendo estudios genéticos.
    Keywords Diplopoda ; Julidae ; Cylindroiulus caramelos ; Cylindroiulus elosegiorum ; Cylindroiulus karinhansorum ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Siphonophoridae from Brazilian Amazonia. Part 2 – Two new tree-climbing species of the genus Siphonophora, including one showing pilosity polymorphism (Diplopoda, Siphonophorida)

    Helen J. Read / Henrik Enghoff

    European Journal of Taxonomy, Iss

    2019  Volume 496

    Abstract: This is the second part of a study of a large collection of Siphonophoridae Cook, 1895 from Brazil. Here, those without an abrupt division between the head and rostrum are considered. Two species have been distinguished and are described as Siphonophora ... ...

    Abstract This is the second part of a study of a large collection of Siphonophoridae Cook, 1895 from Brazil. Here, those without an abrupt division between the head and rostrum are considered. Two species have been distinguished and are described as Siphonophora setaepromissa sp. nov. and S. tuberculata sp. nov. Siphonophora hebetunguis (Attems, 1951) from the same region has many similarities with the two new species and is redescribed from type material. Comparisons have also been made with S. fuhrmanni Carl, 1914, and comments are made on the genera Cordillerium Verhoeff, 1941, Pterozonium Attems, 1951, Rhinosiphora Verhoeff, 1924, and Siphonophora Brandt, 1837. Finally, some suggestions for characters to look at in future collections of siphonophorids are made based on experience of this collection.
    Keywords Siphonophorida ; Siphonophoridae ; Brazil ; Amazonia ; Zoology ; QL1-991 ; Botany ; QK1-989
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Consortium of European Natural History Museums
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Exploring private land conservation non-adopters’ attendance at outreach events in the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA

    Daniel J. Read / Alexandra Carroll / Lisa A. Wainger

    PeerJ, Vol 9, p e

    2021  Volume 11959

    Abstract: Background Outreach events such as trainings, demonstrations, and workshops are important opportunities for encouraging private land operators to adopt voluntary conservation practices. However, the ability to understand the effectiveness of such events ... ...

    Abstract Background Outreach events such as trainings, demonstrations, and workshops are important opportunities for encouraging private land operators to adopt voluntary conservation practices. However, the ability to understand the effectiveness of such events at influencing conservation behavior is confounded by the likelihood that attendees are already interested in conservation and may already be adopters. Understanding characteristics of events that draw non-adopters can aid in designing events and messaging that are better able to reach beyond those already interested in conservation. Methods For this study, we interviewed 101 operators of private agricultural lands in Maryland, USA, and used descriptive statistics and qualitative comparative analysis to investigate differences between the kinds of outreach events that adopters and non-adopters attended. Results Our results suggested that non-adopters, as compared to adopters, attended events that provided production-relevant information and were logistically easy to attend. Further, non-adopters were more selective when reading advertisements, generally preferring simplicity. Future research and outreach can build on these findings by experimentally testing the effectiveness of messages that are simple and relevant to farmers’ production priorities.
    Keywords Agricultural conservation ; Chesapeake Bay ; Conservation adoption ; Conservation messaging ; Conservation outreach ; Outreach event ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher PeerJ Inc.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Siphonophoridae from Brazilian Amazonia Part 1 – The genus Columbianum Verhoeff, 1941 (Diplopoda, Siphonophorida)

    Helen J. Read / Henrik Enghoff

    European Journal of Taxonomy, Vol 0, Iss

    2018  Volume 477

    Abstract: A large sample of Siphonophoridae from Brazil was studied; two morphological groups could be distinguished. Here species considered to be from the genus Columbianum Verhoeff, 1941 are examined in detail. The genus is known from Central and South America ( ...

    Abstract A large sample of Siphonophoridae from Brazil was studied; two morphological groups could be distinguished. Here species considered to be from the genus Columbianum Verhoeff, 1941 are examined in detail. The genus is known from Central and South America (Guatemala, Panama, Honduras, Guiana, Colombia, Peru and Brazil) and is characterised by a clear demarcation between head and rostrum in combination with long antennae, clearly surpassing the tip of the rostrum. A list of previously described species considered to belong to the genus is given; three new species are described: C. major sp. nov. has a large body size and a small head, C. nahvalr sp. nov. has a particularly pronounced domed head and a more castellated appearance to the body, C. adisi sp. nov. has a small body size and a very characteristic hind margin to the pleurites. Variation in the state of preservation of specimens hinders a diagnosis, but the examination of the accessory claw and details of the metazonital limbus and pleurite edges are helpful. Unusually for Diplopoda, the male gonopods are not very useful for identification. Ecological comments are given for each new species, one of which, C. adisi sp. nov., is from the seasonally flooded forest and appears to avoid inundation by climbing trees.
    Keywords Siphonophorida ; Siphonophoridae ; Brazil ; Amazonia ; Zoology ; QL1-991 ; Botany ; QK1-989
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Consortium of European Natural History Museums
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Production of napiergrass as a forage and bioenergy feedstock with swine‐lagoon effluent

    John J. Read / David J. Lang / William F. Anderson

    Agricultural & Environmental Letters, Vol 6, Iss 2, Pp n/a-n/a (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Abstract Studies are lacking on the performance of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) fertilized with swine (Sus scrofa domestica)‐lagoon effluent. This study (2011–2013) determined biomass yield, nutrient removal, nutritive value, and ethanol ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Studies are lacking on the performance of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) fertilized with swine (Sus scrofa domestica)‐lagoon effluent. This study (2011–2013) determined biomass yield, nutrient removal, nutritive value, and ethanol yield in cultivar ‘Merkeron’ at a single, late‐season harvest. Effluent irrigations provided 727 kg ha–1 nitrogen (N) annually (3‐yr average). Napiergrass removed 92% of N and 73% of phosphorus (P) applied in 2013, the peak year of production (58.9 Mg ha–1). As compared to stems, leaves had greater (p < .01) crude protein (32 vs. 100 g kg–1) and less acid detergent fiber (482 vs. 340 g kg–1). Ethanol yield was approximately 36% lower in stems than leaves (98 vs. 153 g kg–1), and xylose yield was 7% lower (170 vs 183 g kg–1); however, stems account for a larger amount of lignocellulosic biomass for estimating bioethanol production than leaves. Ethanol yield potential was approximately 109 g kg–1 grass biomass.
    Keywords Agriculture ; S ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wiley
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: The Challenges of Managing Depredation and Bycatch of Toothed Whales in Pelagic Longline Fisheries

    Joseph E. Fader / Brianna W. Elliott / Andrew J. Read

    Frontiers in Marine Science, Vol

    Two U.S. Case Studies

    2021  Volume 8

    Abstract: Direct interactions with fisheries are broadly recognized as the leading conservation threat to small cetaceans. In open-ocean environments, one of the primary gear types implicated in these interactions is the pelagic longline. Unlike accidental ... ...

    Abstract Direct interactions with fisheries are broadly recognized as the leading conservation threat to small cetaceans. In open-ocean environments, one of the primary gear types implicated in these interactions is the pelagic longline. Unlike accidental entanglement in driftnets or deliberate entrapment by purse-seines, interactions between cetaceans and longlines are often driven by attraction of the animals to feed on bait or fish secured on the gear, a behavior known as depredation. Many small and medium-sized delphinid species have learned to exploit such opportunities, leading to economic costs to fisheries and a risk of mortality to the animals from either retaliation by fishermen or hooking or entanglement in fishing gear. Two pelagic longline fisheries in the United States experience depredation and bycatch by odontocete depredators: the Hawai‘i deep-set longline fishery, which is depredated primarily by false killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens), and the Atlantic pelagic longline fishery depredated primarily by short-finned pilot whales (Globicephala macrorhynchus). These fisheries are among the most intensively documented and managed pelagic longline fisheries in the world, with high levels of observer coverage, and bycatch mitigation measures required to reduce the mortality of seabirds, sea turtles and cetaceans. Both fisheries have active, multi-stakeholder “Take Reduction Teams,” enacted under the U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), that are tasked to develop measures to reduce the bycatch of cetaceans below statutory reference points. Consequently, these two Teams represent model processes within which to address depredation and bycatch, having access to detailed, high-quality data on the nature and frequency of interactions with cetaceans, meaningful stakeholder involvement, resources to test potential solutions, and the institutional will to improve outcomes. We review how mitigation strategies have been considered, developed, and implemented by both Teams and provide a critical analysis of their ...
    Keywords bycatch ; depredation ; odontocetes ; conservation ; Take Reduction Teams ; Marine Mammal Protection Act ; Science ; Q ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Structures of apo Cas12a and its complex with crRNA and DNA reveal the dynamics of ternary complex formation and target DNA cleavage.

    Li Jianwei / Chacko Jobichen / Satoru Machida / Sun Meng / Randy J Read / Chen Hongying / Shi Jian / Yuren Adam Yuan / J Sivaraman

    PLoS Biology, Vol 21, Iss 3, p e

    2023  Volume 3002023

    Abstract: Cas12a is a programmable nuclease for adaptive immunity against invading nucleic acids in CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we report the crystal structures of apo Cas12a from Lachnospiraceae bacterium MA2020 (Lb2) and the Lb2Cas12a+crRNA complex, as well as the ...

    Abstract Cas12a is a programmable nuclease for adaptive immunity against invading nucleic acids in CRISPR-Cas systems. Here, we report the crystal structures of apo Cas12a from Lachnospiraceae bacterium MA2020 (Lb2) and the Lb2Cas12a+crRNA complex, as well as the cryo-EM structure and functional studies of the Lb2Cas12a+crRNA+DNA complex. We demonstrate that apo Lb2Cas12a assumes a unique, elongated conformation, whereas the Lb2Cas12a+crRNA binary complex exhibits a compact conformation that subsequently rearranges to a semi-open conformation in the Lb2Cas12a+crRNA+DNA ternary complex. Notably, in solution, apo Lb2Cas12a is dynamic and can exist in both elongated and compact forms. Residues from Met493 to Leu523 of the WED domain undergo major conformational changes to facilitate the required structural rearrangements. The REC lobe of Lb2Cas12a rotates 103° concomitant with rearrangement of the hinge region close to the WED and RuvC II domains to position the RNA-DNA duplex near the catalytic site. Our findings provide insight into crRNA recognition and the mechanism of target DNA cleavage.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 612
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Allosteric rescue of catalytically impaired ATP phosphoribosyltransferase variants links protein dynamics to active-site electrostatic preorganisation

    Gemma Fisher / Marina Corbella / Magnus S. Alphey / John Nicholson / Benjamin J. Read / Shina C. L. Kamerlin / Rafael G. da Silva

    Nature Communications, Vol 13, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 15

    Abstract: ATPPRT is a multi-protein allosteric enzyme where the regulatory protein HisZ enhances catalysis by HisGs. Here, the authors report catalytically impaired active site mutants of HisGs that are allosterically rescued by HisZ despite the HisZ:HisGs ... ...

    Abstract ATPPRT is a multi-protein allosteric enzyme where the regulatory protein HisZ enhances catalysis by HisGs. Here, the authors report catalytically impaired active site mutants of HisGs that are allosterically rescued by HisZ despite the HisZ:HisGs interface lying ~20 Å away from the active site.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Submission of structural biology data for review purposes

    Edward N. Baker / Charles S. Bond / Elspeth F. Garman / Janet Newman / Randy J. Read / Mark J. van Raaij

    IUCrJ, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 2

    Keywords structural biology ; data ; peer review ; Crystallography ; QD901-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher International Union of Crystallography
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Diffusion of an innovation

    Andrew J. Read / Michael D. Rice / Jason R. Baker / Akbar K. Waljee / Sameer D. Saini

    BMC Health Services Research, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    growth in video capsule endoscopy in the U.S. Medicare population from 2003 to 2019

    2022  Volume 8

    Abstract: Abstract Background Video capsule endoscopy (VCE), approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2001, represented a disruptive technology that transformed evaluation of the small intestine. Adoption of this technology over time and current ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Background Video capsule endoscopy (VCE), approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2001, represented a disruptive technology that transformed evaluation of the small intestine. Adoption of this technology over time and current use within the U.S. clinical population has not been well described. Methods To assess the growth of capsule endoscopy within the U.S. Medicare provider population (absolute growth and on a population-adjusted basis), characterize the providers performing VCE, and describe potential regional differences in use. Medicare summary data from 2003 to 2019 were used to retrospectively analyze capsule endoscopy use in a multiple cross-sectional design. In addition, detailed provider summary files were used from 2012 to 2018 to characterize provider demographics. Results VCE use grew rapidly from 2003 to 2008 followed by a plateau from 2008 to 2019. There was significant variation in use of VCE between states, with up to 10-fold variation between states (14.6 to 156.1 per 100,000 enrollees in 2018). During this time, the adjusted VCE use on a population-adjusted basis declined, reflecting saturation of growth. Conclusions Growth of VCE use over time follows an S-shaped diffusion of innovation curve demonstrating a successful diffusion of innovation within gastroenterology. The lack of additional growth since 2008 suggests that current levels of use are well matched to overall population need within the constraints of reimbursement. Future studies should examine whether this lack of growth has implications for access and healthcare inequities.
    Keywords Video capsule endoscopy ; Small intestine ; Small bowel ; Diffusion of innovation ; Endoscopy ; Endoscopic technology ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 339
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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