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  1. Article ; Online: Comparison of two-dimensional imaging to three-dimensional modeling of intrahepatic portosystemic shunts using computed tomography angiography.

    Jackson, Erin / Markovic, Lauren E / Perlini, Michael

    Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association

    2024  Volume 65, Issue 2, Page(s) 130–137

    Abstract: Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is used for the diagnosis of intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (IHPSS). When planning for transcatheter intervention, caudal vena cava (CVC) measurements are typically obtained from two-dimensional (2D) imaging to ... ...

    Abstract Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is used for the diagnosis of intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (IHPSS). When planning for transcatheter intervention, caudal vena cava (CVC) measurements are typically obtained from two-dimensional (2D) imaging to aid in stent selection. We hypothesized that clinically applicable three-dimensional (3D) IHPSS models can be generated, and CVC measurements will not differ between 2D images and 3D models. Computed tomography angiography datasets from client-owned dogs with IHPSS at the University of Georgia Veterinary Teaching Hospital from 2016 to 2022 were analyzed. Materialise Mimics 25.0 and 3-matic 17.0 were used for 3D modeling. Caudal vena cava diameters were measured in 2D dorsal and transverse planes 20 mm cranial and caudal from the shunt ostium and were compared with CVC diameters from 3D models. Length was measured in the 2D dorsal plane between midpoints of each diameter and compared to the 3D model length. Data are presented as mean (SD), and intraclass correlation coefficients were performed. Three-dimensional models were generated for 32 IHPSS (15 right-, 12 left-, and five central-divisional). Two-dimensional dorsal and transverse area-associated diameter measurements were 16.7 mm (5.6) and 15.5 mm (4.2) cranial; 14.9 mm (4.2) and 14.3 mm (3.7) caudal. Three-dimensional area-associated diameter measurements were 15.3 mm (4.4) cranial and 14.0 mm (3.6) caudal. The 2D length was 61.5 mm (7.1) compared with 3D 59.9 mm (7.2). Intraclass correlation coefficients comparing 2D and 3D diameters were all >0.80, indicating very good agreement, with good agreement (>0.60) for length. Clinically applicable 3D IHPSS models can be generated using engineering software. Measurements from 3D models are consistent with 2D planar imaging. Both 2D CTA and 3D virtual models can be utilized for preprocedural planning, depending on clinician preference.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Dogs ; Animals ; Computed Tomography Angiography/veterinary ; Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic/veterinary ; Hospitals, Animal ; Hospitals, Teaching ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/veterinary
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2142058-0
    ISSN 1740-8261 ; 1058-8183
    ISSN (online) 1740-8261
    ISSN 1058-8183
    DOI 10.1111/vru.13337
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: How to Be a Friend Who Is a Physician Without Being a Physician Friend.

    Jackson, Erin W / Hauser, Joshua

    Journal of pain and symptom management

    2020  Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) 216–220

    Abstract: As physicians, we are often asked for advice when loved ones become ill. Sometimes, the request advice is explicit; often, it is more supportive in nature and this may blur the boundary between being a friend and being a physician. Through various ... ...

    Abstract As physicians, we are often asked for advice when loved ones become ill. Sometimes, the request advice is explicit; often, it is more supportive in nature and this may blur the boundary between being a friend and being a physician. Through various excerpts from social medial exchange, this narrative discusses the experience with a friend who was diagnosed with head and neck cancer during my Palliative Medicine Fellowship.
    MeSH term(s) Friends ; Humans ; Physicians
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 639142-4
    ISSN 1873-6513 ; 0885-3924
    ISSN (online) 1873-6513
    ISSN 0885-3924
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.03.024
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Forced labour risk is pervasive in the US land-based food supply.

    Blackstone, Nicole Tichenor / Rodríguez-Huerta, Edgar / Battaglia, Kyra / Jackson, Bethany / Jackson, Erin / Benoit Norris, Catherine / Decker Sparks, Jessica L

    Nature food

    2023  Volume 4, Issue 7, Page(s) 596–606

    Abstract: Social risk assessments and case studies of labour conditions in food production primarily focus on specific subpopulations, regions and commodities. To date, research has not systematically assessed labour conditions against international standards ... ...

    Abstract Social risk assessments and case studies of labour conditions in food production primarily focus on specific subpopulations, regions and commodities. To date, research has not systematically assessed labour conditions against international standards across diverse, complex food products. Here we combine data on production, trade, labour intensity and qualitative risk coding to quantitatively assess the risk of forced labour embedded in the US land-based food supply, building on our previous assessment of fruits and vegetables. We demonstrate that animal-based proteins, processed fruits and vegetables, and discretionary foods are major contributors to forced labour risk and that 62% of total forced labour risk stems from domestic production or processing. Our findings reveal the widespread risk of forced labour present in the US food supply and the necessity of collaborative action across all countries-high, middle and low income-to eliminate reliance on labour exploitation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Fruit ; Labor, Obstetric ; Poverty ; Risk Assessment ; Social Problems ; Vegetables
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2662-1355
    ISSN (online) 2662-1355
    DOI 10.1038/s43016-023-00794-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Clinical and Laboratory Correlates of QTc Duration in Adult and Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

    Yu, Xue / Majumdar, Suvankar / Pollard, J Daryl / Jackson, Erin / Knudson, Jarrod / Wolfe, Douglas / Kato, Gregory J / Maher, Joseph F

    American journal of medicine open

    2023  Volume 10

    Abstract: Background: Sickle cell disease, a common genetic disorder in African Americans, manifests an increased risk of sudden death, the basis of which is incompletely understood. Prolongation of heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval on the electrocardiogram, ...

    Abstract Background: Sickle cell disease, a common genetic disorder in African Americans, manifests an increased risk of sudden death, the basis of which is incompletely understood. Prolongation of heart rate-corrected QT (QTc) interval on the electrocardiogram, a standard clinical measure of cardiac repolarization, may contribute to sudden death by predisposing to
    Methods: We established a cohort study of 293 adult and 121 pediatric sickle cell disease patients drawn from the same geographic region as the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) cohort, in which significant correlates of QT duration have been characterized and quantitatively modeled. Herein, we establish clinical and laboratory correlates of QTc duration in our cohort using stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis. We then compared our adult sickle cell disease data to effect-size predictions from the published JHS statistical model of QT interval duration.
    Results: In adult sickle cell disease, gender, diuretic use, QRS duration, serum ALT levels, anion gap, and diastolic blood pressure show positive correlation; hemoglobin levels show inverse correlation; in pediatric sickle cell disease, age, hemoglobin levels, and serum bicarbonate and creatinine levels show inverse correlation. The mean QTc in our adult sickle cell disease cohort is 7.8 milliseconds longer than in the JHS cohort, even though the JHS statistical model predicts that the mean QTc in our cohort should be > 11 milliseconds shorter than in the much older JHS cohort, a differential of > 18 milliseconds.
    Conclusion: Sickle cell disease patients have substantial QTc prolongation relative to their age, driven by factors some overlapping, in adult and pediatric sickle cell disease, and distinct from those that have been defined in the general African American community.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2667-0364
    ISSN (online) 2667-0364
    DOI 10.1016/j.ajmo.2023.100045
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Current and legacy effects of precipitation treatments on growth and nutrition in contrasting crops

    Jackson, Erin D. / Casolaro, Christian / Nebeker, Ryan S. / Scott, Eric R. / Dukes, Jeffrey S. / Griffin, Timothy S. / Orians, Colin M.

    Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 2023 Aug., v. 352 p.108513-

    2023  

    Abstract: Changing patterns of precipitation are causing moisture stress in ways that alters crop growth and nutrition. Moisture stress not only directly impacts plant physiology but also indirectly affects plant growth by altering soil conditions. While the ... ...

    Abstract Changing patterns of precipitation are causing moisture stress in ways that alters crop growth and nutrition. Moisture stress not only directly impacts plant physiology but also indirectly affects plant growth by altering soil conditions. While the direct effects of moisture stress on growth and physiology are well studied, outcomes are often examined only as a consequence of current water stress within a single growing season, without consideration of accumulated moisture-induced changes in soil properties that accrue over many seasons (legacy effects). Moreover, our understanding of the impacts of current and legacy effects on both crop growth and nutrition are lacking. To explore these connections, the infrastructure of the Boston Area Climate Experiment (BACE) was leveraged to examine the responses of kale (Brassica oleracea), oat (Avena sativa) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) to three levels of precipitation (ambient, 75 % of ambient, and 50 % of ambient) when grown in legacy soils obtained from 10 years of differential precipitation inputs (high, medium, or low water). Plant growth was measured weekly, and nutritional differences within the edible portions of each crop were assessed at the end of the season. We found that differences in current precipitation affects both growth and nutrients, while legacy effects more strongly affect bionutrient levels than plant growth.
    Keywords Avena sativa ; Brassica oleracea ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; agriculture ; beans ; climate ; environment ; infrastructure ; kale ; nutrition ; oats ; plant growth ; soil ; water stress ; Boston Area Climate Experiment ; Nutrients ; Water limitation
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-08
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 602345-9
    ISSN 1873-2305 ; 0167-8809
    ISSN (online) 1873-2305
    ISSN 0167-8809
    DOI 10.1016/j.agee.2023.108513
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Additional perspectives on causes of educational debt.

    Jackson, Erin

    Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

    2009  Volume 235, Issue 7, Page(s) 819

    MeSH term(s) Career Choice ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Education, Veterinary/economics ; Employment ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-10-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 390811-2
    ISSN 1943-569X ; 0003-1488
    ISSN (online) 1943-569X
    ISSN 0003-1488
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  7. Article ; Online: An Evaluation of Research Publications for General Surgery Residents And its Influence on the Future Pursuit of Fellowship or Academic Career.

    Fladie, Ian / Wise, Audrey / Carr, Marvin / Johnson, Austin L / Kinder, Nicholas / Jackson, Erin / Shweikeh, Faris / Hartwell, Micah / Vassar, Matt

    Journal of surgical education

    2022  Volume 80, Issue 3, Page(s) 352–359

    Abstract: Introduction: Traditionally, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires residency programs to implement research and other scholarly activities into their training curriculum. Encouraging residents to publish during ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Traditionally, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires residency programs to implement research and other scholarly activities into their training curriculum. Encouraging residents to publish during residency is believed to promote research throughout their careers; however, the rate of research outcomes among general surgery residents remains unknown. Our study aims to determine associated factors that influence publication rates before, during, and after general surgery residency.
    Methods: This observational study employed a cross-sectional design. We examined whether research outcomes during general surgery residency was associated with academic advancement or continued research involvement after residency. We identified 321 general surgery residency programs on the Doximity website and randomly selected 50 to include in our sample. Of these programs, graduate rosters for 31 programs were located and subsequently included. Of the 405 residency graduates identified, we recorded the number of peer-reviewed publications, H-indices, fellowships, and whether the graduate pursued a career in private practice or academia.
    Results: Among the 405 physicians analyzed, 3815 total publications were identified with a mean of 9.4 (SD 11.8) per person. The most reported study design was observational studies (46.5%; 1775/3815) and the least reported was systematic reviews/meta-analyses (1.4%; 52/3815). The number of publications before residency positively correlated with having a higher h-index (r = 0.4). We also found that physicians who completed a fellowship had more publications during residency (mean = 4.7, SD = 6.5) than those not pursuing a fellowship (mean = 1.5, SD = 2.7; t= -4.3. p ≤ 0.001). We observed a statistically significant increase in the likelihood a physician pursued a career in academic medicine if they pursued a fellowship (OR: 3.77, 95% CI: 2.0-7.2) and if they had published research as a primary author (OR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.0-1.5).
    Conclusion: Increased research productivity was associated with continued academic pursuits and an increased likelihood of pursuing fellowship training after residency.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Fellowships and Scholarships ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Education, Medical, Graduate ; Internship and Residency ; Efficiency ; Career Choice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Observational Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2277538-9
    ISSN 1878-7452 ; 1931-7204
    ISSN (online) 1878-7452
    ISSN 1931-7204
    DOI 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.10.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Fibronectin has multifunctional roles in posterior capsular opacification (PCO).

    Shihan, Mahbubul H / Kanwar, Mallika / Wang, Yan / Jackson, Erin E / Faranda, Adam P / Duncan, Melinda K

    Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology

    2020  Volume 90, Page(s) 79–108

    Abstract: Fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO), one of the major complications of cataract surgery, occurs when lens epithelial cells (LCs) left behind post cataract surgery (PCS) undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate into the optical ... ...

    Abstract Fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO), one of the major complications of cataract surgery, occurs when lens epithelial cells (LCs) left behind post cataract surgery (PCS) undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate into the optical axis and produce opaque scar tissue. LCs left behind PCS robustly produce fibronectin, although its roles in fibrotic PCO are not known. In order to determine the function of fibronectin in PCO pathogenesis, we created mice lacking the fibronectin gene (FN conditional knock out -FNcKO) from the lens. While animals from this line have normal lenses, upon lens fiber cell removal which models cataract surgery, FNcKO LCs exhibit a greatly attenuated fibrotic response from 3 days PCS onward as assessed by a reduction in surgery-induced cell proliferation, and fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition. This is correlated with less upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) and integrin signaling in FNcKO LCs PCS concomitant with sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling and elevation of the epithelial cell marker E cadherin. Although the initial fibrotic response of FNcKO LCs was qualitatively normal at 48 h PCS as measured by the upregulation of fibrotic marker protein αSMA, RNA sequencing revealed that the fibrotic response was already quantitatively attenuated at this time, as measured by the upregulation of mRNAs encoding molecules that control, and are controlled by, TGFβ signaling, including many known markers of fibrosis. Most notably, gremlin-1, a known regulator of TGFβ superfamily signaling, was upregulated sharply in WT LCs PCS, while this response was attenuated in FNcKO LCs. As exogenous administration of either active TGFβ1 or gremlin-1 to FNcKO lens capsular bags rescued the attenuated fibrotic response of fibronectin null LCs PCS including the loss of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, this suggests that fibronectin plays multifunctional roles in fibrotic PCO development.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/metabolism ; Capsule Opacification/etiology ; Capsule Opacification/genetics ; Capsule Opacification/metabolism ; Capsule Opacification/pathology ; Cataract Extraction/adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism ; Fibronectins/genetics ; Fibronectins/metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Mice ; Sequence Analysis, RNA ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; Fibronectins ; Transforming Growth Factor beta
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1183793-7
    ISSN 1569-1802 ; 0945-053X
    ISSN (online) 1569-1802
    ISSN 0945-053X
    DOI 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.02.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Adipose Tissue as a Site of Toxin Accumulation.

    Jackson, Erin / Shoemaker, Robin / Larian, Nika / Cassis, Lisa

    Comprehensive Physiology

    2017  Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 1085–1135

    Abstract: We examine the role of adipose tissue, typically considered an energy storage site, as a potential site of toxicant accumulation. Although the production of most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was banned years ago, these toxicants persist in the ... ...

    Abstract We examine the role of adipose tissue, typically considered an energy storage site, as a potential site of toxicant accumulation. Although the production of most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was banned years ago, these toxicants persist in the environment due to their resistance to biodegradation and widespread distribution in various environmental forms (e.g., vapor, sediment, and water). As a result, human exposure to these toxicants is inevitable. Largely due to their lipophilicity, POPs bioaccumulate in adipose tissue, resulting in greater body burdens of these environmental toxicants with obesity. POPs of major concern include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), and polybrominated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers (PBBs/PBDEs), among other organic compounds. In this review, we (i) highlight the physical characteristics of toxicants that enable them to partition into and remain stored in adipose tissue, (ii) discuss the specific mechanisms of action by which these toxicants act to influence adipocyte function, and (iii) review associations between POP exposures and the development of obesity and diabetes. An area of controversy relates to the relative potential beneficial versus hazardous health effects of toxicant sequestration in adipose tissue. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1085-1135, 2017.
    MeSH term(s) Adipose Tissue/metabolism ; Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus/etiology ; Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds/chemistry ; Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds/pharmacokinetics ; Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds/toxicity ; Environmental Pollutants/chemistry ; Environmental Pollutants/pharmacokinetics ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Humans ; Obesity/etiology
    Chemical Substances Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds ; Environmental Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2040-4603
    ISSN (online) 2040-4603
    DOI 10.1002/cphy.c160038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Longitudinal Predictors of Pain in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease.

    Karlson, Cynthia W / Barajas, Kimberly G / Seals, Samantha R / Britt, Anna B / Schlenz, Alyssa M / Jackson, Erin A / Davis, Dereck B / Morris, Matthew C / Valrie, Cecelia R

    Journal of pediatric psychology

    2023  Volume 48, Issue 6, Page(s) 553–561

    Abstract: Objective: Despite the identified pathophysiology of vaso-occlusive pain in sickle cell disease (SCD), predictors of pain in youth with SCD remain elusive. In this study, we measured changes in pain frequency, intensity, and interference over 1 year and ...

    Abstract Objective: Despite the identified pathophysiology of vaso-occlusive pain in sickle cell disease (SCD), predictors of pain in youth with SCD remain elusive. In this study, we measured changes in pain frequency, intensity, and interference over 1 year and examined biopsychosocial risk factors (SCD disease severity, age, female, depression, and sleep quality) as possible longitudinal predictors.
    Methods: Medical history was obtained from retrospective chart review for 79 children with SCD (ages 2-18 years; 48.1% female; 100% Black/African American; 83.5% SCD, SS genotype). As part of a clinical screening protocol, caregivers (n = 79) and youth 8-18 years (n = 43) completed psychosocial questionnaires approximately 1 year apart (M = 15.52 months, SD = 5.69). Zero-order correlations, paired t-tests, and hierarchical linear models examined longitudinal predictors of pain. The longitudinal bidirectional relationship between pain and sleep was also examined.
    Results: The rate of severe SCD disease increased from 41.8% to 55.7% across the year, while most hematologic medical parameters remained stable. Increased depression and pain interference at survey 1 significantly predicted increased pain interference at survey 2. Poor sleep quality and increased pain frequency at survey 1 predicted increased pain frequency at survey 2. Finally, increased pain interference at survey 1 predicted poor sleep quality at survey 2.
    Discussion: History of pain, depression, and sleep quality were longitudinal predictors of pain over 1 year in youth with SCD. Identifying longitudinal predictors of pain may lead to earlier identification of patients with a high-risk SCD pain phenotype and earlier medical, psychological, and behavioral interventions.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Pain/epidemiology ; Pain/etiology ; Pain/diagnosis ; Anemia, Sickle Cell/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Caregivers ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 625329-5
    ISSN 1465-735X ; 0146-8693
    ISSN (online) 1465-735X
    ISSN 0146-8693
    DOI 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad017
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