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Article ; Online: Response to, "Statin therapy, cardiac events, and survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving definitive radiotherapy".

Walls, Gerard M / Jain, Suneil / Hanna, Gerard G

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

2023 Volume 187, Page(s) 109826

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Neoplasm Staging ; Cardiovascular Diseases
Chemical Substances	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-27
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Letter ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
ZDB-ID	605646-5
ISSN	1879-0887 ; 0167-8140
ISSN (online)	1879-0887
ISSN	0167-8140
DOI	10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109826
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Article ; Online: Brachytherapy Boost in Prostate Cancer: What Does Observational Data Add to the Debate?

Mitchell, Darren / Jain, Suneil

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics

2021 Volume 109, Issue 5, Page(s) 1230–1231

MeSH term(s)	Brachytherapy ; Humans ; Male ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy
Chemical Substances	Prostate-Specific Antigen (EC 3.4.21.77)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Comment
ZDB-ID	197614-x
ISSN	1879-355X ; 0360-3016
ISSN (online)	1879-355X
ISSN	0360-3016
DOI	10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.12.023
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Article ; Online: Rectal spacers in patients with prostate cancer undergoing radiotherapy: A survey of UK uro-oncologists.

Bahl, Amit / Challapalli, Amarnath / Jain, Suneil / Payne, Heather

International journal of clinical practice

2021 Volume 75, Issue 8, Page(s) e14338

Abstract: Aim: To understand the awareness and use of rectal spacers for prostate cancer patients undergoing radical radiotherapy in the United Kingdom.: Methods: An expert-devised online questionnaire was completed by members of the British Uro-oncology Group ...

Abstract	Aim: To understand the awareness and use of rectal spacers for prostate cancer patients undergoing radical radiotherapy in the United Kingdom. Methods: An expert-devised online questionnaire was completed by members of the British Uro-oncology Group (BUG). Results: Sixty-three specialists completed the survey (50% of BUG members at that point in time). Only 37% had used rectal spacers, mostly for private patients or those with pre-existing bowel conditions. However, many (68%) would like to use these devices in future. More than 70% of the uro-oncologists felt that bowel toxicity was underreported, but 60% believed that the use of radiotherapy without bowel toxicity was achievable with the use of rectal spacers. Conclusions: The current use of rectal spacers by UK uro-oncologists for patients with localised or locally advanced prostate cancer receiving radiotherapy is low and largely restricted by resourcing issues.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Oncologists ; Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1386246-7
ISSN	1742-1241 ; 1368-5031
ISSN (online)	1742-1241
ISSN	1368-5031
DOI	10.1111/ijcp.14338
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Article ; Online: Mini review: Personalization of the radiation therapy management of prostate cancer using MRI-based radiomics.

Leech, Michelle / Osman, Sarah / Jain, Suneil / Marignol, Laure

Cancer letters

2020 Volume 498, Page(s) 210–216

Abstract: Decisions on how to treat prostate cancer with radiation therapy are guideline-based but as such guidelines have been developed for populations of patients, this invariably leads to overly aggressive treatment in some patients and insufficient treatment ... ...

Abstract	Decisions on how to treat prostate cancer with radiation therapy are guideline-based but as such guidelines have been developed for populations of patients, this invariably leads to overly aggressive treatment in some patients and insufficient treatment in others. Heterogeneity within prostate tumors and in metastatic sites, even within the same patient, is believed to be a major cause of treatment failure. Radiomics biomarkers, more commonly referred to as radiomics 'features", provide readily available, cost-effective, non-invasive tools for screening, detecting tumors and serial monitoring of patients, including assessments of response to therapy and identification of therapeutic complications. Radiomics offers the potential to analyse whole tumors in 3D, as well as sub-regions or 'habitats' within tumors. Combining quantitative information from imaging with pathology, demographic details and other biomarkers will pave the way for personalised treatment selection and monitoring in prostate cancer. The aim of this review is to consider if MRI-based radiomics can bridge the gap between population-based management and personalised management of prostate cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted/methods ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods ; Male ; Precision Medicine/methods ; Prostate/radiation effects ; Prostatic Neoplasms/radiotherapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-04
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	195674-7
ISSN	1872-7980 ; 0304-3835
ISSN (online)	1872-7980
ISSN	0304-3835
DOI	10.1016/j.canlet.2020.10.033
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Article ; Online: In vivo

Houlihan, Orla Anne / Workman, Geraldine / Hounsell, Alan R / Prise, Kevin M / Jain, Suneil

The British journal of radiology

2022 Volume 95, Issue 1137, Page(s) 20220046

Abstract: Advances in knowledge: This paper describes the potential role ... ...

Abstract	Advances in knowledge: This paper describes the potential role for
MeSH term(s)	Brachytherapy ; Humans ; In Vivo Dosimetry ; Radiometry ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Uncertainty
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2982-8
ISSN	1748-880X ; 0007-1285
ISSN (online)	1748-880X
ISSN	0007-1285
DOI	10.1259/bjr.20220046
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Article: Validation of a Quality Metric Score to Assess the Placement of Hydrogel Rectal Spacer in Patients Treated With Prostate Stereotactic Radiation Therapy.

Giacometti, Valentina / McLaughlin, Owen / Comiskey, Patrick / Marshall, Hannah / Houlihan, Orla A / Whitten, Glenn / Prise, Kevin M / Hounsell, Alan R / Jain, Suneil / McGarry, Conor K

Advances in radiation oncology

2024 Volume 9, Issue 3, Page(s) 101396

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the quality of the interspace between the prostate and rectum and assess the effect on the dose to the rectum by measuring the spacer quality score (SQS) before and after implanting a hydrogel rectal spacer.: Methods and materials! ...

Abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the quality of the interspace between the prostate and rectum and assess the effect on the dose to the rectum by measuring the spacer quality score (SQS) before and after implanting a hydrogel rectal spacer. Methods and materials: Thirty patients with prostate cancer were treated with stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy as part of the SPORT clinical trial. Each patient had a 10 mL polyethylene glycol hydrogel spacer inserted transperineally. Computed tomography scans were acquired before and after spacer insertion, 10MV flattening filter free (FFF) stereotactic ablative body radiation therapy (SABR) treatment plans were generated using each image set. To calculate the SQS, the prostate-rectal interspace (PRI) was measured in the anterior-posterior orientation, parallel to the anatomic midline at the prostate base, apex, and midgland on the prespacer and postspacer computed tomography. Measurements were taken in 3 transverse positions between the prostate and the rectum, and PRI scores of 0, 1, and 2 were assigned if the interspace between prostate and rectum was <0.3, 0.3 to 0.9, or ≥1 cm, respectively. The overall SQS was the lowest of the PRI scores. Differences between prespacer and postspacer PRIs and SQS were investigated by performing Fisher's exact test and differences between doses to the rectum were investigated by performing the paired samples Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Student Results: Statistically significant differences between prespacer versus postspacer patients were found when grouping patients according to their overall SQS. The PRI summary score did not reach statistical significance between prespacer and postspacer at the base but was significantly higher for the prostate midline and apex. Statistically significant differences in some rectum dose-volume metrics were found when grouping patients according to their PRIs and SQS. Conclusions: SQS before and after the spacer insertion was evaluated and was found to be correlated with pre- and postspacer rectal dosimetry. Sources of improvement of the SQS scoring metric and limitations are discussed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2452-1094
ISSN	2452-1094
DOI	10.1016/j.adro.2023.101396
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Article ; Online: Pulmonary vein dose and risk of atrial fibrillation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer following definitive radiotherapy: An NI-HEART analysis.

Walls, Gerard M / McCann, Conor / O'Connor, John / O'Sullivan, Anna / I Johnston, David / McAleese, Jonathan / McGarry, Conor K / Cole, Aidan J / Jain, Suneil / Butterworth, Karl T / Hanna, Gerard G

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

2024 Volume 192, Page(s) 110085

Abstract: Background and purpose: Symptomatic arrhythmia is common following radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), frequently resulting in morbidity and hospitalization. Modern treatment planning technology theoretically allows sparing of cardiac ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: Symptomatic arrhythmia is common following radiotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), frequently resulting in morbidity and hospitalization. Modern treatment planning technology theoretically allows sparing of cardiac substructures. Atrial fibrillation (AF) comprises the majority of post-radiotherapy arrhythmias, but efforts to prevent this cardiotoxicity have been limited as the causative cardiac substructure is not known. In this study we investigated if incidental radiation dose to the pulmonary veins (PVs) is associated with AF. Material and methods: A single-centre study of patients completing contemporary (chemo)radiation for NSCLC, with modern planning techniques. Oncology, cardiology and death records were examined, and AF events were verified by a cardiologist. Cardiac substructures were contoured on planning scans for retrospective dose analysis. Results: In 420 eligible patients with NSCLC treated with intensity-modulated (70%) or 3D-conformal (30%) radiotherapy with a median OS of 21.8 months (IQR 10.8-35.1), there were 26 cases of new AF (6%). All cases were grade 3 except two cases of grade 4. Dose metrics for both the left (V55) and right (V10) PVs were associated with the incidence of new AF. Metrics remained statistically significant after accounting for the competing risk of death and cardiovascular covariables for both the left (HR 1.02, 95%CI 1.00-1.03, p = 0.005) and right (HR 1.01 (95%CI 1.00-1.02, p = 0.033) PVs. Conclusion: Radiation dose to the PVs during treatment of NSCLC was associated with the onset of AF. Actively sparing the PVs during treatment planning could reduce the incidence of AF during follow-up, and screening for AF may be warranted for select cases.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Pulmonary Veins ; Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy ; Treatment Outcome
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-05
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	605646-5
ISSN	1879-0887 ; 0167-8140
ISSN (online)	1879-0887
ISSN	0167-8140
DOI	10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110085
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Article: Particle swarm optimization artificial intelligence technique for gene signature discovery in transcriptomic cohorts.

Murphy, Ross G / Gilmore, Alan / Senevirathne, Seedevi / O'Reilly, Paul G / LaBonte Wilson, Melissa / Jain, Suneil / McArt, Darragh G

Computational and structural biotechnology journal

2022 Volume 20, Page(s) 5547–5563

Abstract: The development of gene signatures is key for delivering personalized medicine, despite only a few signatures being available for use in the clinic for cancer patients. Gene signature discovery tends to revolve around identifying a single signature. ... ...

Abstract	The development of gene signatures is key for delivering personalized medicine, despite only a few signatures being available for use in the clinic for cancer patients. Gene signature discovery tends to revolve around identifying a single signature. However, it has been shown that various highly predictive signatures can be produced from the same dataset. This study assumes that the presentation of top ranked signatures will allow greater efforts in the selection of gene signatures for validation on external datasets and for their clinical translation. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is an evolutionary algorithm often used as a search strategy and largely represented as binary PSO (BPSO) in this domain. BPSO, however, fails to produce succinct feature sets for complex optimization problems, thus affecting its overall runtime and optimization performance. Enhanced BPSO (EBPSO) was developed to overcome these shortcomings. Thus, this study will validate unique candidate gene signatures for different underlying biology from EBPSO on transcriptomics cohorts. EBPSO was consistently seen to be as accurate as BPSO with substantially smaller feature signatures and significantly faster runtimes. 100% accuracy was achieved in all but two of the selected data sets. Using clinical transcriptomics cohorts, EBPSO has demonstrated the ability to identify accurate, succinct, and significantly prognostic signatures that are unique from one another. This has been proposed as a promising alternative to overcome the issues regarding traditional single gene signature generation. Interpretation of key genes within the signatures provided biological insights into the associated functions that were well correlated to their cancer type.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2694435-2
ISSN	2001-0370
ISSN	2001-0370
DOI	10.1016/j.csbj.2022.09.033
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Article ; Online: Murine models of radiation cardiotoxicity: A systematic review and recommendations for future studies.

Walls, Gerard M / O'Kane, Reagan / Ghita, Mihaela / Kuburas, Refik / McGarry, Conor K / Cole, Aidan J / Jain, Suneil / Butterworth, Karl T

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology

2022 Volume 173, Page(s) 19–31

Abstract: Background and purpose: The effects of radiation on the heart are dependent on dose, fractionation, overall treatment time, and pre-existing cardiovascular pathology. Murine models have played a central role in improving our understanding of the ... ...

Abstract	Background and purpose: The effects of radiation on the heart are dependent on dose, fractionation, overall treatment time, and pre-existing cardiovascular pathology. Murine models have played a central role in improving our understanding of the radiation response of the heart yet a wide range of exposure parameters have been used. We evaluated the study design of published murine cardiac irradiation experiments to assess gaps in the literature and to suggest guidance for the harmonisation of future study reporting. Methods and materials: A systematic review of mouse/rat studies published 1981-2021 that examined the effect of radiation on the heart was performed. The protocol was published on PROSPERO (CRD42021238921) and the findings were reported in accordance with the PRISMA guidance. Risk of bias was assessed using the SYRCLE checklist. Results: 159 relevant full-text original articles were reviewed. The heart only was the target volume in 67% of the studies and simulation details were unavailable for 44% studies. Dosimetry methods were reported in 31% studies. The pulmonary effects of whole and partial heart irradiation were reported in 13% studies. Seventy-eight unique dose-fractionation schedules were evaluated. Large heterogeneity was observed in the endpoints measured, and the reporting standards were highly variable. Conclusions: Current murine models of radiation cardiotoxicity cover a wide range of irradiation configurations and latency periods. There is a lack of evidence describing clinically relevant dose-fractionations, circulating biomarkers and radioprotectants. Recommendations for the consistent reporting of methods and results of in vivo cardiac irradiation studies are made to increase their suitability for informing the design of clinical studies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cardiotoxicity/etiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose Fractionation, Radiation ; Heart/radiation effects ; Mice ; Radiometry ; Rats
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	605646-5
ISSN	1879-0887 ; 0167-8140
ISSN (online)	1879-0887
ISSN	0167-8140
DOI	10.1016/j.radonc.2022.04.030
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Article: Modulating Tumour Hypoxia in Prostate Cancer Through Exercise: The Impact of Redox Signalling on Radiosensitivity.

Brown, Malcolm / Rébillard, Amélie / Hart, Nicolas H / O'Connor, Dominic / Prue, Gillian / O'Sullivan, Joe M / Jain, Suneil

Sports medicine - open

2022 Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 48

Abstract: Prostate cancer is a complex disease affecting millions of men globally. Radiotherapy (RT) is a common treatment modality although treatment efficacy is dependent upon several features within the tumour microenvironment (TME), especially hypoxia. A ... ...

Abstract	Prostate cancer is a complex disease affecting millions of men globally. Radiotherapy (RT) is a common treatment modality although treatment efficacy is dependent upon several features within the tumour microenvironment (TME), especially hypoxia. A hypoxic TME heightens radioresistance and thus disease recurrence and treatment failure continues to pose important challenges. However, the TME evolves under the influence of factors in systemic circulation and cellular crosstalk, underscoring its potential to be acutely and therapeutically modified. Early preclinical evidence suggests exercise may affect tumour growth and some of the benefits drawn, could act to radiosensitise tumours to treatment. Intracellular perturbations in skeletal muscle reactive oxygen species (ROS) stimulate the production of numerous factors that can exert autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine effects on the prostate. However, findings supporting this notion are limited and the associated mechanisms are poorly understood. In light of this preclinical evidence, we propose systemic changes in redox signalling with exercise activate redox-sensitive factors within the TME and improve tumour hypoxia and treatment outcomes, when combined with RT. To this end, we suggest a connection between exercise, ROS and tumour growth kinetics, highlighting the potential of exercise to sensitise tumour cells to RT, and improve treatment efficacy.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2809942-4
ISSN	2198-9761 ; 2199-1170
ISSN (online)	2198-9761
ISSN	2199-1170
DOI	10.1186/s40798-022-00436-9
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