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  1. Article ; Online: Profiling leadership: Attitudes, knowledge and training in the biological sciences.

    Brown, James A L

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 6, Page(s) e0286826

    Abstract: The development and practice of good leadership skills (distinct from management skills) enhances both an individual's career development, and their organization. However, universities are known to present unique issues around the development, and ... ...

    Abstract The development and practice of good leadership skills (distinct from management skills) enhances both an individual's career development, and their organization. However, universities are known to present unique issues around the development, and practice, of good leadership. Good leadership skills should be considered essential for university staff who train (and mentor) staff or students. Currently, there is no clear evidence that staff in the biological (life) sciences undergo formal (routine) leadership skills training (or appraisal). Furthermore, what leadership training this group needs, or wants, is unknown. A questionnaire was designed to explore leadership dimensions (roles, training, perceptions, and attitudes), and incorporated the Leadership Attitudes and Belief scale (LABS) instrument. Including LABS allows evaluation of leadership attitudes as either Systemic (individual responsibility) or Hierarchical (chain-of-command). Self-selecting biological science academics and staff were recruited using an online survey. Analysis focused on academic staff (lecturer/Assistant professor, and above), and explored the relationship of leadership dimensions with key categories (career stage, gender, age, role, and professional experience). Staff were found to be knowledgeable about what leadership is, but strongly desire formal training in leadership skills and practice. Importantly, staff did not have access to specific leadership training (but did have access to management training), but felt strongly that gaining leadership skills would improve their professional skill set. Analysis found that academics in the biological sciences were oriented towards Systemic leadership, a more collective and supportive approach. It was clear that while good leadership skills are highly valued by academic staff, in practice these skills are underprovided in the biological sciences workplace. This work provides a profile, and benchmark, of leadership (current skills, and desired needs) in the biological sciences. These results provide evidence for the need to embed specific leadership skills training into professional development (and teaching) programmes in the biological sciences.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Leadership ; Attitude ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Biological Science Disciplines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0286826
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Profiling leadership

    James A L Brown

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 6, p e

    Attitudes, knowledge and training in the biological sciences.

    2023  Volume 0286826

    Abstract: The development and practice of good leadership skills (distinct from management skills) enhances both an individual's career development, and their organization. However, universities are known to present unique issues around the development, and ... ...

    Abstract The development and practice of good leadership skills (distinct from management skills) enhances both an individual's career development, and their organization. However, universities are known to present unique issues around the development, and practice, of good leadership. Good leadership skills should be considered essential for university staff who train (and mentor) staff or students. Currently, there is no clear evidence that staff in the biological (life) sciences undergo formal (routine) leadership skills training (or appraisal). Furthermore, what leadership training this group needs, or wants, is unknown. A questionnaire was designed to explore leadership dimensions (roles, training, perceptions, and attitudes), and incorporated the Leadership Attitudes and Belief scale (LABS) instrument. Including LABS allows evaluation of leadership attitudes as either Systemic (individual responsibility) or Hierarchical (chain-of-command). Self-selecting biological science academics and staff were recruited using an online survey. Analysis focused on academic staff (lecturer/Assistant professor, and above), and explored the relationship of leadership dimensions with key categories (career stage, gender, age, role, and professional experience). Staff were found to be knowledgeable about what leadership is, but strongly desire formal training in leadership skills and practice. Importantly, staff did not have access to specific leadership training (but did have access to management training), but felt strongly that gaining leadership skills would improve their professional skill set. Analysis found that academics in the biological sciences were oriented towards Systemic leadership, a more collective and supportive approach. It was clear that while good leadership skills are highly valued by academic staff, in practice these skills are underprovided in the biological sciences workplace. This work provides a profile, and benchmark, of leadership (current skills, and desired needs) in the biological sciences. These ...
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Editorial: Cancer Therapeutics: Targeting DNA Repair Pathways.

    Suraweera, Amila / Brown, James A L / Lim, Yi Chieh / Lavin, Martin F

    Frontiers in molecular biosciences

    2022  Volume 9, Page(s) 858514

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2814330-9
    ISSN 2296-889X
    ISSN 2296-889X
    DOI 10.3389/fmolb.2022.858514
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  4. Article: Editorial: Mechanisms guarding the genome.

    Brown, James A L / Bourke, E / Hancock, W W / Richard, D J

    Frontiers in cell and developmental biology

    2022  Volume 10, Page(s) 974545

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 2737824-X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    ISSN 2296-634X
    DOI 10.3389/fcell.2022.974545
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  5. Article ; Online: In Vitro Histone Acetylation Assay.

    Brown, James A L

    Current protocols in pharmacology

    2017  Volume 79, Page(s) 3.14.1–3.14.16

    Abstract: Acetylation is a core cellular process involved in maintaining genomic integrity, gene regulation, and metabolism. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are an enzyme family that regulates these processes by catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl moiety onto ... ...

    Abstract Acetylation is a core cellular process involved in maintaining genomic integrity, gene regulation, and metabolism. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are an enzyme family that regulates these processes by catalyzing the transfer of an acetyl moiety onto target proteins. Perturbations of cellular acetylation profiles have been associated with a variety of disease states, including cancer. Changes in acetylation profiles can be achieved by mechanisms associated with acetyltransferases, such as gene down-regulation or alterations in the activity of key acetyltransferase enzymes. An important set of tools for quantifying enzyme activity are in vitro histone acetylation assays, using either endogenous or tagged overexpressed proteins. Detailed in this unit is an in vitro acetylation assay used to quantify HAT activity. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylation ; Animals ; Biological Assay ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Chickens ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Histones/metabolism ; Immunoblotting ; Immunoprecipitation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
    Chemical Substances Histones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1934-8290
    ISSN (online) 1934-8290
    DOI 10.1002/cpph.31
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  6. Article ; Online: Editorial

    Amila Suraweera / James A. L. Brown / Yi Chieh Lim / Martin F. Lavin

    Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences, Vol

    Cancer Therapeutics: Targeting DNA Repair Pathways

    2022  Volume 9

    Keywords DNA repair ; genomic ; stability ; double strand break ; repair ; cancer ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Editorial

    James A. L. Brown / E Bourke / W. W Hancock / D. J Richard

    Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol

    Mechanisms guarding the genome

    2022  Volume 10

    Keywords stability ; chromatin bridges ; hypoxia ; TIP60 ; ATM ; DDR1 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Thesis ; Online: Investigating the Effects of Solvent and Spaceflight Exposure on Engineered E. coli

    Wilson, James A. L.

    2019  

    Abstract: Isobutene is a short chain gaseous hydrocarbon that is used in fuel additives, antioxidants, detergents, and butyl-rubbers with a global market value of approximately 22 Billion USD/year. Isobutene is currently produced through steam cracking of crude ... ...

    Abstract Isobutene is a short chain gaseous hydrocarbon that is used in fuel additives, antioxidants, detergents, and butyl-rubbers with a global market value of approximately 22 Billion USD/year. Isobutene is currently produced through steam cracking of crude oil. This process is energetically intensive and emits large quantities of greenhouse gasses. To reduce dependence on extraction and refinement of crude oil, enhancing biological production of petrochemicals is important. Biological production of isobutene has been demonstrated previously, but economically viable production faces many hurdles. Seeking to improve this viability, a new isobutene producing microbe was engineered. E. coli MG1655 was genetically engineered to produce isobutene through expression of two enzymes, M3K (P. torridus) & MVD (S. cerevisiae). This engineered E. coli was able to produce isobutene during growth on glucose and wastewater, but production rates remain low and further optimization is needed. To identify potential genes to target for genetic engineering that will increase production rates, the transcriptomic response of the engineered E. coli to several stressful conditions was analyzed. The stress responses to solvent exposure showed conserved responses of increasing membrane stability in response to solvent interactions and protein repair. Furthermore, due to interest in the potential for biofuel production in space, the effects of spaceflight on the gene expression of cell cultures aboard the International Space Station (ISS) were assessed and compared to controls grown on Earth. Initially, cell cultures aboard the ISS had a strong expression of stress response systems related to freezing. However, this response faded and there was increased expression of systems that would increase mutation rates. In both solvent and spaceflight stress experiments there was upregulation of chaperones that repair damaged proteins and increased saturation of membrane lipids to maintain membrane integrity. These experiments provide potential targets for future engineering efforts to engineer a more robust and stress tolerant microbe for enhanced production of isobutene.
    Keywords Biology
    Subject code 670
    Language ENG
    Publishing date 2019-01-01 00:00:01.0
    Publisher University of Alaska Anchorage
    Publishing country us
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Evaluating the effectiveness of a practical inquiry-based learning bioinformatics module on undergraduate student engagement and applied skills.

    Brown, James A L

    Biochemistry and molecular biology education : a bimonthly publication of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

    2016  Volume 44, Issue 3, Page(s) 304–313

    Abstract: A pedagogic intervention, in the form of an inquiry-based peer-assisted learning project (as a practical student-led bioinformatics module), was assessed for its ability to increase students' engagement, practical bioinformatic skills and process- ... ...

    Abstract A pedagogic intervention, in the form of an inquiry-based peer-assisted learning project (as a practical student-led bioinformatics module), was assessed for its ability to increase students' engagement, practical bioinformatic skills and process-specific knowledge. Elements assessed were process-specific knowledge following module completion, qualitative student-based module evaluation and the novelty, scientific validity and quality of written student reports. Bioinformatics is often the starting point for laboratory-based research projects, therefore high importance was placed on allowing students to individually develop and apply processes and methods of scientific research. Students led a bioinformatic inquiry-based project (within a framework of inquiry), discovering, justifying and exploring individually discovered research targets. Detailed assessable reports were produced, displaying data generated and the resources used. Mimicking research settings, undergraduates were divided into small collaborative groups, with distinctive central themes. The module was evaluated by assessing the quality and originality of the students' targets through reports, reflecting students' use and understanding of concepts and tools required to generate their data. Furthermore, evaluation of the bioinformatic module was assessed semi-quantitatively using pre- and post-module quizzes (a non-assessable activity, not contributing to their grade), which incorporated process- and content-specific questions (indicative of their use of the online tools). Qualitative assessment of the teaching intervention was performed using post-module surveys, exploring student satisfaction and other module specific elements. Overall, a positive experience was found, as was a post module increase in correct process-specific answers. In conclusion, an inquiry-based peer-assisted learning module increased students' engagement, practical bioinformatic skills and process-specific knowledge. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 44:304-313 2016.
    MeSH term(s) Biomedical Research ; Computational Biology/education ; Creativity ; Curriculum ; Education, Medical, Undergraduate ; Evidence-Based Medicine/standards ; Humans ; Learning ; Models, Educational ; Peer Group ; Problem-Based Learning/standards ; Students
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-05-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ISSN 1539-3429
    ISSN (online) 1539-3429
    DOI 10.1002/bmb.20954
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  10. Article ; Online: Use of the KTP laser in totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery.

    Sharma, S D / Swarup, A / James, A L

    The Journal of laryngology and otology

    2020  Volume 134, Issue 4, Page(s) 362–365

    Abstract: Objective: This paper reviews our experience of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser in transcanal totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery.: Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral centre, involving a consecutive ... ...

    Abstract Objective: This paper reviews our experience of potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser in transcanal totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery.
    Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary referral centre, involving a consecutive series of children with cholesteatoma who underwent totally endoscopic cholesteatoma surgery with a KTP laser.
    Results: The patients' mean age was 10.5 years (range, 1.8-18 years). A KTP laser was used in 70 of the 83 cases (84 per cent). The laser was not used in 13 'clean' cases, in which disease was removed more easily. Residual disease was detected in five cases (6 per cent), of which the KTP laser had been used in four (5 per cent). No complications were associated with KTP laser use.
    Conclusion: The combination of KTP laser use with endoscopic visualisation is effective for minimising the risk of residual disease using a minimally invasive surgical approach. The thin, semi-flexible fibre carrier of the KTP laser is ideally suited to work alongside the endoscope within the narrow confines of the ear canal.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear/surgery ; Ear Canal/pathology ; Ear Canal/surgery ; Endoscopy/instrumentation ; Humans ; Infant ; Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods ; Neoplasm, Residual/prevention & control ; Prospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218299-3
    ISSN 1748-5460 ; 0022-2151
    ISSN (online) 1748-5460
    ISSN 0022-2151
    DOI 10.1017/S0022215120000420
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