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  1. Article ; Online: Transplacental transmission

    Lawrence Okoror / Abdul Kamara / Brima Kargbo / James Bangura / Mat Lebby

    Infectious Disease Reports, Vol 10, Iss

    A rare case of Ebola virus transmission

    2018  Volume 3

    Abstract: During the mid-transmission period of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Sierra Leone, a 19-year-old pregnant woman, who was a petty trader in a health facility in Freetown, noticing no fetal movement for the past 3 days, reported to a health ... ...

    Abstract During the mid-transmission period of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in Sierra Leone, a 19-year-old pregnant woman, who was a petty trader in a health facility in Freetown, noticing no fetal movement for the past 3 days, reported to a health facility. Medical history and laboratory testing showed no abnormalities except that she was positive for sickle cell. She was not known to any surveillance team of having any epidemiological link to EVD case. She was induced with oral medications as well as IV infusion. EVD test showed that the fetus was positive to EVD with a high threshold value of 21, while the woman was negative for EVD with a threshold value of 42. The woman was positive to EVD IgG but negative to EVD IgM by ELISA technique. This is a rare EVD case in the period of medium transmission. We conclude that the woman may have come into contact with a low dose of virus not enough to cause a full blown EVD and that her immune system was able to stop the virus from further replication.
    Keywords EVD ; fetus ; still birth ; IgG ; IgM ; PCR ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Identifying the genetic basis of viral spillover using Lassa virus as a test case

    Alexander O. B. Whitlock / Brian H. Bird / Bruno Ghersi / Andrew J. Davison / Joseph Hughes / Jenna Nichols / Matej Vučak / Emmanuel Amara / James Bangura / Edwin G. Lavalie / Marilyn C. Kanu / Osman T. Kanu / Anna Sjodin / Christopher H. Remien / Scott L. Nuismer

    Royal Society Open Science, Vol 10, Iss

    2023  Volume 3

    Abstract: The rate at which zoonotic viruses spill over into the human population varies significantly over space and time. Remarkably, we do not yet know how much of this variation is attributable to genetic variation within viral populations. This gap in ... ...

    Abstract The rate at which zoonotic viruses spill over into the human population varies significantly over space and time. Remarkably, we do not yet know how much of this variation is attributable to genetic variation within viral populations. This gap in understanding arises because we lack methods of genetic analysis that can be easily applied to zoonotic viruses, where the number of available viral sequences is often limited, and opportunistic sampling introduces significant population stratification. Here, we explore the feasibility of using patterns of shared ancestry to correct for population stratification, enabling genome-wide association methods to identify genetic substitutions associated with spillover into the human population. Using a combination of phylogenetically structured simulations and Lassa virus sequences collected from humans and rodents in Sierra Leone, we demonstrate that existing methods do not fully correct for stratification, leading to elevated error rates. We also demonstrate, however, that the Type I error rate can be substantially reduced by confining the analysis to a less-stratified region of the phylogeny, even in an already-small dataset. Using this method, we detect two candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with spillover in the Lassa virus polymerase gene and provide generalized recommendations for the collection and analysis of zoonotic viruses.
    Keywords genome-wide association studies ; Lassa virus ; zoonosis ; single-nucleotide polymorphisms ; spillover ; host shift ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher The Royal Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: HLA-C-restricted viral epitopes are associated with an escape mechanism from KIR2DL2+ NK cells in Lassa virus infectionResearch in context

    Nadia Wauquier / Caroline Petitdemange / Nadine Tarantino / Christopher Maucourant / Moinya Coomber / Victor Lungay / James Bangura / Patrice Debré / Vincent Vieillard

    EBioMedicine, Vol 40, Iss , Pp 605-

    2019  Volume 613

    Abstract: Background: Lassa virus (LASV) is the etiologic agent of an acute hemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa. Natural killer (NK) cells control viral infections in part through the interaction between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Lassa virus (LASV) is the etiologic agent of an acute hemorrhagic fever endemic in West Africa. Natural killer (NK) cells control viral infections in part through the interaction between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and their ligands. LASV infection is associated with defective immune responses, including inhibition of NK cell activity in the presence of MHC-class 1+-infected target cells. Methods: We compared individual KIR and HLA-class 1 genotypes of 68 healthy volunteers to 51 patients infected with LASV in Sierra Leone, including 37 survivors and 14 fatalities. Next, potential HLA-C1, HLA-C2, and HLA-Bw4 binding epitopes were in silico screened among LASV nucleoprotein (NP) and envelope glycoprotein (GP). Selected 10-mer peptides were then tested in peptide-HLA stabilization, KIR binding and polyfunction assays. Findings: LASV-infected patients were similar to healthy controls, except for the inhibitory KIR2DL2 gene. We found a specific increase in the HLA-C1:KIR2DL2 interaction in fatalities (10/11) as compared to survivors (12/19) and controls (19/29). We also identified that strong of NP and GP viral epitopes was only observed with HLA-C molecules, and associated with strong inhibition of degranulation in the presence of KIR2DL+ NK cells. This inhibitory effect significantly increased in the presence of the vGP420 variant, detected in 28.1% of LASV sequences. Interpretation: Our finding suggests that presentation of specific LASV epitopes by HLA-C alleles to the inhibitory KIR2DL2 receptor on NK cells could potentially prevent the killing of infected cells and provides insights into the mechanisms by which LASV can escape NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Keywords: Lassa virus, NK cells, KIR-L, HLA-C, Viral escape
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Tactics and Strategies for Managing Ebola Outbreaks and the Salience of Immunization

    Wayne M. Getz / Jean-Paul Gonzalez / Richard Salter / James Bangura / Colin Carlson / Moinya Coomber / Eric Dougherty / David Kargbo / Nathan D. Wolfe / Nadia Wauquier

    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Vol

    2015  Volume 2015

    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Publishing Corporation
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Tactics and Strategies for Managing Ebola Outbreaks and the Salience of Immunization

    Wayne M. Getz / Jean-Paul Gonzalez / Richard Salter / James Bangura / Colin Carlson / Moinya Coomber / Eric Dougherty / David Kargbo / Nathan D. Wolfe / Nadia Wauquier

    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, Vol

    2015  Volume 2015

    Abstract: We present a stochastic transmission chain simulation model for Ebola viral disease (EVD) in West Africa, with the salutary result that the virus may be more controllable than previously suspected. The ongoing tactics to detect cases as rapidly as ... ...

    Abstract We present a stochastic transmission chain simulation model for Ebola viral disease (EVD) in West Africa, with the salutary result that the virus may be more controllable than previously suspected. The ongoing tactics to detect cases as rapidly as possible and isolate individuals as safely as practicable is essential to saving lives in the current outbreaks in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Equally important are educational campaigns that reduce contact rates between susceptible and infectious individuals in the community once an outbreak occurs. However, due to the relatively low R0 of Ebola (around 1.5 to 2.5 next generation cases are produced per current generation case in naïve populations), rapid isolation of infectious individuals proves to be highly efficacious in containing outbreaks in new areas, while vaccination programs, even with low efficacy vaccines, can be decisive in curbing future outbreaks in areas where the Ebola virus is maintained in reservoir populations.
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7
    Subject code 303
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi Limited
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Virus-encoded miRNAs in Ebola virus disease

    Janice Duy / Anna N. Honko / Louis A. Altamura / Sandra L. Bixler / Suzanne Wollen-Roberts / Nadia Wauquier / Aileen O’Hearn / Eric M. Mucker / Joshua C. Johnson / Joshua D. Shamblin / Justine Zelko / Miriam A. Botto / James Bangura / Moinya Coomber / M. Louise Pitt / Jean-Paul Gonzalez / Randal J. Schoepp / Arthur J. Goff / Timothy D. Minogue

    Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Volume 14

    Abstract: Abstract Ebola virus (EBOV) is a negative-strand RNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm and causes an often-fatal hemorrhagic fever. EBOV, like other viruses, can reportedly encode its own microRNAs (miRNAs) to subvert host immune defenses. miRNAs ... ...

    Abstract Abstract Ebola virus (EBOV) is a negative-strand RNA virus that replicates in the cytoplasm and causes an often-fatal hemorrhagic fever. EBOV, like other viruses, can reportedly encode its own microRNAs (miRNAs) to subvert host immune defenses. miRNAs are short noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by hybridizing to multiple mRNAs, and viral miRNAs can enhance viral replication and infectivity by regulating host or viral genes. To date, only one EBOV miRNA has been examined in human infection. Here, we assayed mouse, rhesus macaque, cynomolgus macaque, and human samples infected with three EBOV variants for twelve computationally predicted viral miRNAs using RT-qPCR. Ten miRNAs aligned to EBOV variants and were detectable in the four species during disease with several viral miRNAs showing presymptomatic amplification in animal models. miRNA abundances in both the mouse and nonhuman primate models mirrored the human cohort, with miR-1-5p, miR-1-3p, and miR-T3-3p consistently at the highest levels. These striking similarities in the most abundant miRNAs during infection with different EBOV variants and hosts indicate that these miRNAs are potential valuable diagnostic markers and key effectors of EBOV pathogenesis.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article: Serosurveillance of viral pathogens circulating in West Africa

    O’Hearn, Aileen E / David P. Fetterer / James Bangura / Jean-Paul Gonzalez / Joseph N. Fair / Matthew A. Voorhees / Moinya R. Coomber / Nadia Wauquier / Randal J. Schoepp

    Virology journal. 2016 Dec., v. 13, no. 1

    2016  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa is home to a variety of pathogens, but disease surveillance and the healthcare infrastructure necessary for proper management and control are severely limited. Lassa virus, the cause of Lassa fever, a severe hemorrhagic ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa is home to a variety of pathogens, but disease surveillance and the healthcare infrastructure necessary for proper management and control are severely limited. Lassa virus, the cause of Lassa fever, a severe hemorrhagic fever in humans is endemic in West Africa. In Sierra Leone at the Kenema Government Hospital Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory, up to 70 % of acute patient samples suspected of Lassa fever test negative for Lassa virus infection. This large amount of acute undiagnosed febrile illness can be attributed in part to an array of hemorrhagic fever and arthropod-borne viruses causing disease that goes undetected and untreated. METHODS: To better define the nature and extent of viral pathogens infecting the Sierra Leonean population, we developed a multiplexed MAGPIX® assay to detect IgG antibodies against Lassa, Ebola, Marburg, Rift Valley fever, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses as well as pan-assays for flaviviruses and alphaviruses. This assay was used to survey 675 human serum samples submitted to the Lassa Diagnostic Laboratory between 2007 and 2014. RESULTS: In the study population, 50.2 % were positive for Lassa virus, 5.2 % for Ebola virus, 10.7 % for Marburg virus, 1.8 % for Rift Valley fever virus, 2.0 % for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, 52.9 % for flaviviruses and 55.8 % for alphaviruses. CONCLUSIONS: These data exemplify the importance of disease surveillance and differential diagnosis for viral diseases in Sierra Leone. We demonstrate the endemic nature of some of these viral pathogens in the region and suggest that unrecognized outbreaks of viral infection have occurred.
    Keywords antibodies ; arboviruses ; blood serum ; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever ; Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus ; disease surveillance ; Ebolavirus ; fever ; Flaviviridae ; health services ; hospitals ; humans ; immunoglobulin G ; Lassa virus ; Marburg virus ; pathogens ; patients ; Rift Valley fever ; Rift Valley fever virus ; Sierra Leone
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-12
    Size p. 163.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1743-422X
    DOI 10.1186/s12985-016-0621-4
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article ; Online: Isolation of Angola-like Marburg virus from Egyptian rousette bats from West Africa

    Brian R. Amman / Brian H. Bird / Ibrahim A. Bakarr / James Bangura / Amy J. Schuh / Jonathan Johnny / Tara K. Sealy / Immah Conteh / Alusine H. Koroma / Ibrahim Foday / Emmanuel Amara / Abdulai A. Bangura / Aiah A. Gbakima / Alexandre Tremeau-Bravard / Manjunatha Belaganahalli / Jasjeet Dhanota / Andrew Chow / Victoria Ontiveros / Alexandra Gibson /
    Joseph Turay / Ketan Patel / James Graziano / Camilla Bangura / Emmanuel S. Kamanda / Augustus Osborne / Emmanuel Saidu / Jonathan Musa / Doris Bangura / Samuel Maxwell Tom Williams / Richard Wadsworth / Mohamed Turay / Lavalie Edwin / Vanessa Mereweather-Thompson / Dickson Kargbo / Fatmata V. Bairoh / Marilyn Kanu / Willie Robert / Victor Lungai / Raoul Emeric Guetiya Wadoum / Moinya Coomber / Osman Kanu / Amara Jambai / Sorie M. Kamara / Celine H. Taboy / Tushar Singh / Jonna A. K. Mazet / Stuart T. Nichol / Tracey Goldstein / Jonathan S. Towner / Aiah Lebbie

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs) are natural reservoirs for Marburg virus (MARV), but these bats have not been linked to the MARV Angola strain that caused the largest and deadliest outbreak on record. Here, Amman et al., in a multi-institutional ... ...

    Abstract Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs) are natural reservoirs for Marburg virus (MARV), but these bats have not been linked to the MARV Angola strain that caused the largest and deadliest outbreak on record. Here, Amman et al., in a multi-institutional surveillance effort, identify and isolate Angola-like MARV in ERBs in West Africa.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Isolation of Angola-like Marburg virus from Egyptian rousette bats from West Africa

    Brian R. Amman / Brian H. Bird / Ibrahim A. Bakarr / James Bangura / Amy J. Schuh / Jonathan Johnny / Tara K. Sealy / Immah Conteh / Alusine H. Koroma / Ibrahim Foday / Emmanuel Amara / Abdulai A. Bangura / Aiah A. Gbakima / Alexandre Tremeau-Bravard / Manjunatha Belaganahalli / Jasjeet Dhanota / Andrew Chow / Victoria Ontiveros / Alexandra Gibson /
    Joseph Turay / Ketan Patel / James Graziano / Camilla Bangura / Emmanuel S. Kamanda / Augustus Osborne / Emmanuel Saidu / Jonathan Musa / Doris Bangura / Samuel Maxwell Tom Williams / Richard Wadsworth / Mohamed Turay / Lavalie Edwin / Vanessa Mereweather-Thompson / Dickson Kargbo / Fatmata V. Bairoh / Marilyn Kanu / Willie Robert / Victor Lungai / Raoul Emeric Guetiya Wadoum / Moinya Coomber / Osman Kanu / Amara Jambai / Sorie M. Kamara / Celine H. Taboy / Tushar Singh / Jonna A. K. Mazet / Stuart T. Nichol / Tracey Goldstein / Jonathan S. Towner / Aiah Lebbie

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs) are natural reservoirs for Marburg virus (MARV), but these bats have not been linked to the MARV Angola strain that caused the largest and deadliest outbreak on record. Here, Amman et al., in a multi-institutional ... ...

    Abstract Egyptian rousette bats (ERBs) are natural reservoirs for Marburg virus (MARV), but these bats have not been linked to the MARV Angola strain that caused the largest and deadliest outbreak on record. Here, Amman et al., in a multi-institutional surveillance effort, identify and isolate Angola-like MARV in ERBs in West Africa.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Ribavirin for Lassa Fever Postexposure Prophylaxis

    Christiane M. Hadi / Augustine Goba / Sheik Humarr Khan / James Bangura / Mbalu Sankoh / Saffa Koroma / Baindu Juana / Alpha Bah / Mamadou Coulibaly / Daniel G. Bausch

    Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 12, Pp 2009-

    2010  Volume 2011

    Keywords Lassa fever ; arenavirus ; ribavirin ; postexposure prophylaxis ; Sierra Leone ; viruses ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    Document type Article ; Online
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