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  1. Article: Practice of thyroid nodule management in the Gulf Cooperation Council countries.

    Jammah, Anwar A

    Saudi medical journal

    2021  Volume 42, Issue 1, Page(s) 66–74

    Abstract: Objectives: To assessed the current practices for the management of thyroid nodules in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Methods: We conducted a descriptive web-based survey to physicians and surgeons involved in the management of thyroid ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: To assessed the current practices for the management of thyroid nodules in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Methods: We conducted a descriptive web-based survey to physicians and surgeons involved in the management of thyroid nodules. The survey included questions on referral, ultrasound (US) reporting, fine needle aspiration (FNA), management of thyroid nodules including the approach for indeterminate FNA results, and usage of molecular testing. Results: A total of 311 responders, 155 (49.8%) were endocrinologists. Results showed that referrals and US report lack a number of valuable information including family history (84.9%) and high-risk US features (92.9%). Approximately 263 (84.6%) preferred to include a scoring system or protocol to assess the nodule risk in US report. Approximately 193 (62.1%) sent the patient to interventional radiologists for FNA. Almost half (n=147, 47.3%) repeat the FNA in 2-3 months if the FNA result was a follicular lesion or atypia of undetermined significance and 142 (45.7%) opted for lobectomy for follicular neoplasm or suspicious of follicular neoplasm result. Only 44 (14.1%) performed molecular testing; however, 174 (55.9%) preferred it available. Significant variations in the approach were seen between endocrinologists versus non-endocrinologists. Conclusion: Practices variation in the management of thyroid nodules mandate a common practical guideline. Molecular testing is a preferable test for indeterminate FNA results by most of the responders though it is not widely available.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Demography ; Endocrinologists ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Middle East ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Thyroid Nodule/diagnosis ; Thyroid Nodule/pathology ; Thyroid Nodule/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-04
    Publishing country Saudi Arabia
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 392302-2
    ISSN 1658-3175 ; 0379-5284
    ISSN (online) 1658-3175
    ISSN 0379-5284
    DOI 10.15537/smj.2021.1.25591
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  2. Article ; Online: Endocrine and metabolic complications after bariatric surgery.

    Jammah, Anwar A

    Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association

    2015  Volume 21, Issue 5, Page(s) 269–277

    Abstract: Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obese patients; however, it carries substantial risks, including procedure-related complications, malabsorption, and hormonal disturbance. Recent years have seen an increase in the bariatric ... ...

    Abstract Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obese patients; however, it carries substantial risks, including procedure-related complications, malabsorption, and hormonal disturbance. Recent years have seen an increase in the bariatric surgeries performed utilizing either an independent or a combination of restrictive and malabsorptive procedures. We review some complications of bariatric procedures more specifically, hypoglycemia and osteoporosis, the recommended preoperative assessment and then regular follow up, and the therapeutic options. Surgeon, internist, and the patient must be aware of the multiple risks of this kind of surgery and the needed assessment and follow up.
    MeSH term(s) Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects ; Bariatric Surgery/methods ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/etiology ; Obesity/surgery ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery ; Osteoporosis/etiology ; Postoperative Complications/etiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2299174-8
    ISSN 1998-4049 ; 1319-3767
    ISSN (online) 1998-4049
    ISSN 1319-3767
    DOI 10.4103/1319-3767.164183
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Endocrine and Metabolic Complications After Bariatric Surgery.

    Jammah, Anwar A

    Saudi journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Saudi Gastroenterology Association

    2015  

    Abstract: Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obese patients; however, it carries substantial risks, including procedure-related complications, malabsorption, and hormonal disturbance. Recent years have seen an increase in the bariatric ... ...

    Abstract Bariatric surgery is the most effective therapeutic option for obese patients; however, it carries substantial risks, including procedure-related complications, malabsorption, and hormonal disturbance. Recent years have seen an increase in the bariatric surgeries performed utilizing either an independent or a combination of restrictive and malabsorptive procedures. We review some complications of bariatric procedures more specifically, hypoglycemia and osteoporosis, the recommended preoperative assessment and then regular follow up, and the therapeutic options. Surgeon, internist, and the patient must be aware of the multiple risks of this kind of surgery and the needed assessment and follow up.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-09-08
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2299174-8
    ISSN 1998-4049 ; 1319-3767
    ISSN (online) 1998-4049
    ISSN 1319-3767
    DOI 10.4103/1319-3767.164183
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  4. Article: Ultrasonographic predictors of thyroid cancer in Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules.

    Alyusuf, Ebtihal Y / Alhmayin, Lama / Albasri, Eman / Enani, Jawaher / Altuwaijri, Hessa / Alsomali, Nora / Arafah, Maria A / Alyusuf, Zahra / Jammah, Anwar A / Ekhzaimy, Aishah A / Alzahrani, Ali S

    Frontiers in endocrinology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1326134

    Abstract: Background: Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules continue to be difficult to manage. Although molecular testing may assist in decision-making, it is expensive, not widely available, and not without pitfalls. The objective of this study is to assess ... ...

    Abstract Background: Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules continue to be difficult to manage. Although molecular testing may assist in decision-making, it is expensive, not widely available, and not without pitfalls. The objective of this study is to assess whether certain thyroid ultrasonographic features may predict the risk of thyroid cancer in patients with Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules and be used as additional decision-making tools to complement cytopathological results in deciding on diagnostic thyroidectomy.
    Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the ultrasonographic features of Bethesda categories III and IV thyroid nodules in patients who underwent subsequent thyroidectomy. We used the final histopathological examination of the surgical specimens as the gold-standard test and analyzed individual preoperative ultrasonographic features as predictors of malignancy.
    Results: Of the 278 patients who were diagnosed with Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), 111 (39.9%) had thyroid cancer, and 167 (59.9%) exhibited benign nodules. The malignancy rate was higher in patients with Bethesda IV nodules (28/50, 56%) than those with Bethesda III nodules (83/228, 36.4%;
    Conclusions: Hypoechogenicity and calcifications in Bethesda III and IV thyroid nodules are strong predictors of thyroid cancer and associated with a two-fold increased risk of malignancy.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Thyroid Nodule/pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology ; Thyroidectomy ; Calcinosis/surgery
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2592084-4
    ISSN 1664-2392
    ISSN 1664-2392
    DOI 10.3389/fendo.2024.1326134
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Real-world effectiveness and safety of insulin glargine 100 U/mL plus lixisenatide in adults with type 2 diabetes: An international, multicentre, 12-month, prospective observational study.

    Malik, Rayaz A / Hwu, Chii-Min / Jammah, Anwar A / Arteaga-Díaz, Juan M / Djaballah, Khier / Pilorget, Valerie / Alvarez, Agustina / Vera, Carine / Vikulova, Olga

    Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

    2024  

    Abstract: Aim: To assess the impact of insulin glargine (100 U/mL) and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) fixed-ratio combination therapy on the overall management of glycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), previously inadequately controlled with oral ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To assess the impact of insulin glargine (100 U/mL) and lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) fixed-ratio combination therapy on the overall management of glycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), previously inadequately controlled with oral antidiabetic drugs ± basal insulin or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs).
    Materials and methods: This 12-month, international, multicentre, prospective, observational study included patients (age ≥ 18 years) with T2D who had initiated iGlarLixi within 1 month prior to study inclusion. Data were collected at study inclusion, month 3, month 6 and month 12 from patient diaries, self-measured plasma glucose, and questionnaires. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c from baseline to month 6.
    Results: Of the 737 eligible participants (mean age: 57.8 [standard deviation: 11.2] years; male: 49%), 685 had baseline and post-baseline HbA1c data available. The least squares mean change in HbA1c from baseline to month 6 was -1.4% (standard error [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.05 [-1.5, -1.3]). The absolute change from baseline at month 12 was -1.7% ± 1.9% (95% CI: -1.9, -1.5). There were 72 hypoglycaemia events reported during the study period, with a very low incidence of severe hypoglycaemia (two participants [rate: 0.003 events per patient-year]).
    Conclusions: This real-world observational study shows that initiation of iGlarLixi in people with T2D inadequately controlled on oral antidiabetic drugs ± basal insulin or GLP-1 RAs improves glycaemic control with a low incidence of hypoglycaemia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1454944-x
    ISSN 1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
    ISSN (online) 1463-1326
    ISSN 1462-8902
    DOI 10.1111/dom.15599
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  6. Article ; Online: Identification of Protein Changes in the Urine of Hypothyroid Patients Treated with Thyroxine Using Proteomics Approach.

    Masood, Afshan / Benabdelkamel, Hicham / Jammah, Anwar A / Ekhzaimy, Aishah A / Alfadda, Assim A

    ACS omega

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 3, Page(s) 2367–2378

    Abstract: The thyroid gland and thyroid hormones control a multitude of homeostatic functions including maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and normal functioning of the kidneys. Thyroid dysfunction alters the sytemic hemodynamic and metabolic balance, ... ...

    Abstract The thyroid gland and thyroid hormones control a multitude of homeostatic functions including maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance and normal functioning of the kidneys. Thyroid dysfunction alters the sytemic hemodynamic and metabolic balance, thereby affecting the kidney. In this study, we aimed to identify and characterize the urinary proteome of the patients with hypothyroidism. An untargeted proteomic approach with network analysis was used to identify changes in total urinary proteome in patients with newly diagnosed overt hypothyroidism. Urine samples were collected from nine age-matched patients' before and after l-thyroxine treatment. Differences in the abundance of urinary proteins between hypothyroid and euthyroid states were determined using a two-dimensional difference in gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight (MALDI TOF) mass spectrometry. Alterations in the abundance of urinary proteins, analyzed by Progenesis software, revealed statistically significant differential abundance in a total of 49 spots corresponding to 42 proteins, 28 up and 14 down (≥1.5-fold change, analysis of variance (ANOVA),
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2470-1343
    ISSN (online) 2470-1343
    DOI 10.1021/acsomega.0c05686
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  7. Article: Assessment of the Effectiveness of a Protocol to Manage Dexamethasone-Induced Hyperglycemia Among Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19.

    Asiri, Alanood A / Alguwaihes, Abdullah M / Jammah, Anwar A / Alfadda, Assim A / Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E

    Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 12, Page(s) 1232–1241

    Abstract: Objective: Well-controlled glucose levels (ie, 70-180 mg/dL) have been associated with lower mortality from COVID-19. The addition of dexamethasone to COVID-19 treatment protocols has raised concerns about the potential negative consequences of ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Well-controlled glucose levels (ie, 70-180 mg/dL) have been associated with lower mortality from COVID-19. The addition of dexamethasone to COVID-19 treatment protocols has raised concerns about the potential negative consequences of dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia.
    Methods: We developed a protocol to guide the management of dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Two of the 4 medical teams managing patients with COVID-19 at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia used the protocol and the other 2 teams continued to manage hyperglycemia at the discretion of the treating physicians (protocol and control groups, respectively). The glycemic control and clinical outcomes in 163 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia between July 5th and September 30th, 2020, were retrospectively compared between the 2 groups.
    Results: Compared to the control group, the protocol group had higher proportions of patients with well-controlled glucose across all premeals and bedtime glucose readings throughout the hospital stay. The differences in glycemic control between the 2 groups were statistically significant for fasting glucose on days 4, 5, and the discharge day; prelunch glucose on the discharge day; predinner glucose on days 3, 5, and the discharge day; and bedtime glucose on day 1 (all P < .05). After adjusting for age, sex, nationality, body mass index, Charlson score, and diabetes status, patients in the protocol group were more likely to have well-controlled glucose levels compared with those in the control group. Moreover, the in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the protocol group (12.93%) compared to the control group (29.93%) (P < .01).
    Conclusion: The implementation of a protocol to manage dexamethasone-induced hyperglycemia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 resulted in more patients achieving well-controlled glucose levels and was associated with lower mortality from COVID-19.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Glucose ; COVID-19/drug therapy ; Dexamethasone ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia/chemically induced ; Hyperglycemia/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Dexamethasone (7S5I7G3JQL)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1473503-9
    ISSN 1530-891X
    ISSN 1530-891X
    DOI 10.1016/j.eprac.2021.07.016
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  8. Article ; Online: Predictors of use and improvement in glycemic indices after initiating continuous glucose monitoring in real world: Data from Saudi Arabia.

    Alyusuf, Ebtihal Y / Alharthi, Sahar / Alguwaihes, Abdullah M / Jammah, Anwar A / Alfadda, Assim A / Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E

    Diabetes & metabolic syndrome

    2022  Volume 16, Issue 2, Page(s) 102416

    Abstract: Background and aims: To identify predictors of use and benefit from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D).: Methods: Predictors of CGM use and changes in glycemic indices and other clinical parameters after ... ...

    Abstract Background and aims: To identify predictors of use and benefit from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
    Methods: Predictors of CGM use and changes in glycemic indices and other clinical parameters after initiating intermittently-scanned CGMs were examined in 116 individuals with T1D living in Saudi Arabia. Participants were categorized based on frequency of CGM sensor scanning at month 6 into: Frequent users (≥10 scans/day) and infrequent users (<10 scans/day).
    Results: Frequent CGM users had an improvement in time in range (TIR) and time above range (TAR) at months 6 and 12; whereas infrequent users had comparable improvements but only at month 12. Individuals with baseline TIR <50% had a significant improvement in TIR and TAR; whereas those with baseline TIR ≥50% had a significant improvement only in time below range (TBR). Baseline TIR <50% and higher frequency of scans were predictive of improvement in TIR at month 6 (OR: 4.84, p <0.01, 1.05, p= 0.04; respectively); whereas baseline TBR was the only predictor of improvement in TBR (OR:1.24,p < 0.01). Being a woman, higher number of scans/day during the first 2 weeks of CGM use, and having a lower A1C at baseline predict being a frequent scanner at month 6 (OR: 2.81, p=0.04; 1.12, p <0.01; and 0.73, p <0.01; respectively).
    Conclusions: Improvement in glycemic control with CGM use can be predicted by: number of scans per day and baseline TIR and TBR in people with T1D.
    MeSH term(s) Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Glycemic Index ; Humans ; Saudi Arabia/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Glycated Hemoglobin A
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2273766-2
    ISSN 1878-0334 ; 1871-4021
    ISSN (online) 1878-0334
    ISSN 1871-4021
    DOI 10.1016/j.dsx.2022.102416
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  9. Article: Prevalence of Hypothyroidism in a Large Sample of Patients with Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome.

    BaHammam, Ahmed S / Aleissi, Salih / Olaish, Awad H / Almeneessier, Aljohara S / Jammah, Anwar A

    Nature and science of sleep

    2020  Volume 12, Page(s) 649–659

    Abstract: Purpose: Data on hypothyroidism in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are scarce. This study assessed the prevalence of hypothyroidism among a large group of patients with OHS.: Patients and methods: This was a prospective ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Data on hypothyroidism in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are scarce. This study assessed the prevalence of hypothyroidism among a large group of patients with OHS.
    Patients and methods: This was a prospective observational study of 308 consecutive patients with OHS seen between January 2002 and December 2018. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free-thyroxine (FT4) levels were measured in all patients. The OHS patients were compared with 445 patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI).
    Results: The OHS patients had a mean age of 55.1 ± 13.8 years and a BMI of 43.9 ± 14.8 kg/m
    Conclusion: Clinical hypothyroidism was prevalent among patients with OHS; however, newly diagnosed cases of clinical hypothyroidism were relatively low. Female sex was the only predictor of clinical hypothyroidism.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-16
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587468-8
    ISSN 1179-1608
    ISSN 1179-1608
    DOI 10.2147/NSS.S263959
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  10. Article: Utility of Stimulated Thyroglobulin in Reclassifying Low Risk Thyroid Cancer Patients' Following Thyroidectomy and Radioactive Iodine Ablation: A 7-Year Prospective Trial.

    Jammah, Anwar A / Masood, Afshan / Akkielah, Layan A / Alhaddad, Shaimaa / Alhaddad, Maath A / Alharbi, Mariam / Alguwaihes, Abdullah / Alzahrani, Saad

    Frontiers in endocrinology

    2021  Volume 11, Page(s) 603432

    Abstract: Context: Following total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, serum thyroglobulin levels should be undetectable to assure that patients are excellent responders and at very low risk of recurrence.: Objective: To assess the utility of ... ...

    Abstract Context: Following total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) ablation, serum thyroglobulin levels should be undetectable to assure that patients are excellent responders and at very low risk of recurrence.
    Objective: To assess the utility of stimulated (sTg) and non-stimulated (nsTg) thyroglobulin levels in prediction of patients outcomes with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) following total thyroidectomy and RAI ablation.
    Method: A prospective observational study conducted at a University Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Patients diagnosed with differentiated thyroid cancer and were post total thyroidectomy and RAI ablation. Thyroglobulin levels (nsTg and sTg) were estimated 3-6 months post-RAI. Patients with nsTg <2 ng/ml were stratified based on their levels and were followed-up for 5 years and clinical responses were measured.
    Results: Of 196 patients, nsTg levels were <0.1 ng/ml in 122 (62%) patients and 0.1-2.0 ng/ml in 74 (38%). Of 122 patients with nsTg <0.1 ng/ml, 120 (98%) had sTg levels <1 ng/ml, with no structural or functional disease. sTg levels >1 occurred in 26 (35%) of patients with nsTg 0.1-2.0 ng/ml, 11 (15%) had structural incomplete response. None of the patients with sTg levels <1 ng/ml developed structural or functional disease over the follow-up period.
    Conclusion: Suppressed thyroglobulin (nsTg < 0.1 ng/ml) indicates a very low risk of recurrence that does not require stimulation. Stimulated thyroglobulin is beneficial with nsTg 0.1-2 ng/ml for re-classifying patients and estimating their risk for incomplete responses over a 7 years follow-up period.
    MeSH term(s) Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/blood ; Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/pathology ; Adenocarcinoma, Follicular/therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biomarkers, Tumor/blood ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/blood ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/therapy ; Prognosis ; Prospective Studies ; Thyroglobulin/blood ; Thyroid Neoplasms/blood ; Thyroid Neoplasms/classification ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology ; Thyroid Neoplasms/therapy ; Thyroidectomy/methods ; Thyrotropin Alfa/administration & dosage ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers, Tumor ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; Thyrotropin Alfa ; Thyroglobulin (9010-34-8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study
    ZDB-ID 2592084-4
    ISSN 1664-2392
    ISSN 1664-2392
    DOI 10.3389/fendo.2020.603432
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