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  1. Article: Preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking a tissue serine protease.

    Jankousky, Katherine C / Schultz, Jonathan / Windham, Samuel / Henao-Martínez, Andrés F / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Shapiro, Leland

    Therapeutic advances in infectious disease

    2020  Volume 7, Page(s) 2049936120933076

    Abstract: Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID- ... ...

    Abstract Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Selecting specific pharmacological targets for the treatment of viral pathogens has traditionally relied in blockage of specific steps in their replicative lifecycle in human cells. However, an alternative approach is reducing the molecular cleavage of the viral surface spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent viral entry into epithelial cells.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-06-10
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2728410-4
    ISSN 2049-937X ; 2049-9361
    ISSN (online) 2049-937X
    ISSN 2049-9361
    DOI 10.1177/2049936120933076
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  2. Article ; Online: Thiol-ene functionalized siloxanes for use as elastomeric dental impression materials.

    Cole, Megan A / Jankousky, Katherine C / Bowman, Christopher N

    Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials

    2014  Volume 30, Issue 4, Page(s) 449–455

    Abstract: Objectives: Thiol- and allyl-functionalized siloxane oligomers are synthesized and evaluated for use as a radical-mediated, rapid set elastomeric dental impression material. Thiol-ene siloxane formulations are crosslinked using a redox-initiated ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Thiol- and allyl-functionalized siloxane oligomers are synthesized and evaluated for use as a radical-mediated, rapid set elastomeric dental impression material. Thiol-ene siloxane formulations are crosslinked using a redox-initiated polymerization scheme, and the mechanical properties of the thiol-ene network are manipulated through the incorporation of varying degrees of plasticizer and kaolin filler. Formulations with medium and light body consistencies are further evaluated for their ability to accurately replicate features on both the gross and microscopic levels. We hypothesize that thiol-ene functionalized siloxane systems will exhibit faster setting times and greater detail reproduction than commercially available polyvinylsiloxane (PVS) materials of comparable consistencies.
    Methods: Thiol-ene functionalized siloxane mixtures formulated with varying levels of redox initiators, plasticizer, and kaolin filler are made and evaluated for their polymerization speed (FTIR), consistency (ISO4823.9.2), and surface energy (goniometer). Feature replication is evaluated quantitatively by SEM. The Tg, storage modulus, and creep behavior are determined by DMA.
    Results: Increasing redox initiation rate increases the polymerization rate but at high levels also limits working time. Combining 0.86 wt% oxidizing agent with up to 5 wt% plasticizer gave a working time of 3 min and a setting time of 2 min. The selected medium and light body thiol-ene formulations also achieved greater qualitative detail reproduction than the commercial material and reproduced micrometer patterns with 98% accuracy.
    Significance: Improving detail reproduction and setting speed is a primary focus of dental impression material design and synthesis. Radical-mediated polymerizations, particularly thiol-ene reactions, are recognized for their speed, reduced shrinkage, and 'click' nature.
    MeSH term(s) Allyl Compounds/chemical synthesis ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Dental Impression Materials/chemical synthesis ; Elastomers ; Kaolin/chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Polymerization ; Polymers/chemical synthesis ; Siloxanes/chemical synthesis ; Sulfhydryl Reagents/chemical synthesis
    Chemical Substances Allyl Compounds ; Cross-Linking Reagents ; Dental Impression Materials ; Elastomers ; Polymers ; Siloxanes ; Sulfhydryl Reagents ; elastomeric polymer ; Kaolin (24H4NWX5CO)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 605995-8
    ISSN 1879-0097 ; 0109-5641
    ISSN (online) 1879-0097
    ISSN 0109-5641
    DOI 10.1016/j.dental.2014.01.011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Redox Initiation of Bulk Thiol-Ene Polymerizations.

    Cole, Megan A / Jankousky, Katherine C / Bowman, Christopher N

    Polymer chemistry

    2012  Volume 4, Issue 4, Page(s) 1167–1175

    Abstract: The unique formation-structure-property attributes and reaction behavior of the thiol-ene "click" reaction have been explored extensively for photochemically and thermally initiated reactions but have been much less explored for redox initiation. ... ...

    Abstract The unique formation-structure-property attributes and reaction behavior of the thiol-ene "click" reaction have been explored extensively for photochemically and thermally initiated reactions but have been much less explored for redox initiation. Therefore, the objective of this work is to characterize fully the impact of the initiation system, monomer structure, degree of functionalization, and inhibitor level on the redox-mediated thiol-ene polymerization rate and behavior. Moreover, this study confirms the ability of redox initiation to achieve full conversion of desired thiol-ene "click" products for small molecules in solution. For the multifunctional thiol-ene systems, polymerization rate was shown to be comparable to photo- and thermally initiated systems, but with the additional advantages of unlimited depth of cure and mild reaction conditions. Additionally, the network properties of the redox-initiated thiol-ene systems were on par with a photocured material formulated with identical monomers and radical initiating potential. Lastly, control over the polymerization rate and preceding induction period was garnered from the concentration of inhibitor included in the reaction mixture. The mechanism of action of quinone inhibition in redox-mediated thiol-ene polymerizations is shown to depend on both the presence of an aniline reducing agent and the concentration of inhibitor, with quinone concentrations in great excess of oxidizing agent concentrations actually leading to heightened polymerization rates when aniline is present.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-11-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2528812-X
    ISSN 1759-9962 ; 1759-9954
    ISSN (online) 1759-9962
    ISSN 1759-9954
    DOI 10.1039/C2PY20843A
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  4. Article ; Online: Preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking a tissue serine protease

    Jankousky, Katherine C. / Schultz, Jonathan / Windham, Samuel / Henao-Martínez, Andrés F. / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Shapiro, Leland

    Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease

    2020  Volume 7, Page(s) 204993612093307

    Abstract: Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID- ... ...

    Abstract Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Selecting specific pharmacological targets for the treatment of viral pathogens has traditionally relied in blockage of specific steps in their replicative lifecycle in human cells. However, an alternative approach is reducing the molecular cleavage of the viral surface spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent viral entry into epithelial cells.
    Keywords Pharmacology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher SAGE Publications
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2728410-4
    ISSN 2049-937X ; 2049-9361
    ISSN (online) 2049-937X
    ISSN 2049-9361
    DOI 10.1177/2049936120933076
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: Preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection by blocking a tissue serine protease

    Jankousky, Katherine C. / Schultz, Jonathan / Windham, Samuel / Henao-Martínez, Andrés F. / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Shapiro, Leland

    Ther. Adv. Infect. Dis.

    Abstract: Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID- ... ...

    Abstract Currently, there are no proven pharmacologic interventions to reduce the clinical impact and prevent complications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, the cause of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Selecting specific pharmacological targets for the treatment of viral pathogens has traditionally relied in blockage of specific steps in their replicative lifecycle in human cells. However, an alternative approach is reducing the molecular cleavage of the viral surface spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to prevent viral entry into epithelial cells.
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher WHO
    Document type Article
    Note WHO #Covidence: #613580
    Database COVID19

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  6. Article: Diagnostic Utility of a Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin Ratio to Differentiate Patients With COVID-19 From Those With Bacterial Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study.

    Gharamti, Amal A / Mei, Fei / Jankousky, Katherine C / Huang, Jin / Hyson, Peter / Chastain, Daniel B / Fan, Jiawei / Osae, Sharmon / Zhang, Wayne W / Montoya, José G / Erlandson, Kristine M / Scherger, Sias J / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Henao-Martínez, Andrés F / Shapiro, Leland

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 8, Issue 6, Page(s) ofab124

    Abstract: Background: There is an urgent need for accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers that can differentiate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from bacterial pneumonia. We assess the role of the ferritin-to-procalcitonin (F/P) ratio to classify pneumonia ... ...

    Abstract Background: There is an urgent need for accurate, rapid, inexpensive biomarkers that can differentiate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from bacterial pneumonia. We assess the role of the ferritin-to-procalcitonin (F/P) ratio to classify pneumonia cases into those due to COVID-19 vs those due to bacterial pathogens.
    Methods: This multicenter case-control study compared patients with COVID-19 with those with bacterial pneumonia, admitted between March 1 and May 31, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia co-infection were excluded. The F/P in patients with COVID-19 vs with bacterial pneumonia were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of various cutoff F/P values for COVID-19 vs bacterial pneumonia.
    Results: A total of 242 COVID-19 pneumonia cases and 34 bacterial pneumonia controls were included. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a lower mean age (57.1 vs 64.4 years;
    Conclusions: An F/P ≥877 increases the likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia compared with bacterial pneumonia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofab124
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  7. Article: Diagnostic utility of a Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin Ratio to differentiate patients with COVID-19 from those with Bacterial Pneumonia: A multicenter study.

    Gharamti, Amal A / Mei, Fei / Jankousky, Katherine C / Huang, Jin / Hyson, Peter / Chastain, Daniel B / Fan, Jiawei / Osae, Sharmon / Zhang, Wayne W / Montoya, José G / Erlandson, Kristine M / Scherger, Sias J / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Henao-Martínez, Andrés F / Shapiro, Leland

    medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

    2020  

    Abstract: Importance: There is a need to develop tools to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia at the time of clinical presentation before diagnostic testing is available.: Objective: To determine if the Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin ratio (F/P) can be ... ...

    Abstract Importance: There is a need to develop tools to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia at the time of clinical presentation before diagnostic testing is available.
    Objective: To determine if the Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin ratio (F/P) can be used to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia.
    Design: This case-control study compared patients with either COVID-19 or bacterial pneumonia, admitted between March 1 and May 31, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia co-infection were excluded.
    Setting: A multicenter study conducted at three hospitals that included UCHealth and Phoebe Putney Memorial Hospital in the United States, and Yichang Central People's Hospital in China.
    Participants: A total of 242 cases with COVID-19 infection and 34 controls with bacterial pneumonia.
    Main outcomes and measures: The F/P in patients with COVID-19 or with bacterial pneumonia were compared. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of various cut-off F/P values for the diagnosis of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia.
    Results: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a lower mean age (57.11 vs 64.4 years, p=0.02) and a higher BMI (30.74 vs 27.15 kg/m
    Conclusions and relevance: An F/P ≥ 877 increases the likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia compared to bacterial pneumonia. Further research is needed to determine if obtaining ferritin and procalcitonin simultaneously at the time of clinical presentation has improved diagnostic value. Additional questions include whether an increased F/P and/or serial F/P associates with COVID-19 disease severity or outcomes.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Preprint
    DOI 10.1101/2020.10.20.20216309
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  8. Article ; Online: Diagnostic utility of a Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin Ratio to differentiate patients with COVID-19 from those with Bacterial Pneumonia: A multicenter study

    Gharamti, Amal A. / Mei, Fei / Jankousky, Katherine C. / Huang, Jin / Hyson, Peter / Chastain, Daniel B. / Fan, Jiawei / Osae, Sharmon / Zhang, Wayne W. / Montoya, Jose G. / Erlandson, Kristine M. / Scherger, Sias J. / Franco-Paredes, Carlos / Henao-Martinez, Andres F. / Shapiro, Leland

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Importance: There is a need to develop tools to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia at the time of clinical presentation before diagnostic testing is available. Objective: To determine if the Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin ratio (F/P) can be used ... ...

    Abstract Importance: There is a need to develop tools to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia at the time of clinical presentation before diagnostic testing is available. Objective: To determine if the Ferritin-to-Procalcitonin ratio (F/P) can be used to differentiate COVID-19 from bacterial pneumonia. Design: This case-control study compared patients with either COVID-19 or bacterial pneumonia, admitted between March 1 and May 31, 2020. Patients with COVID-19 and bacterial pneumonia co-infection were excluded. Setting: A multicenter study conducted at three hospitals that included UCHealth and Phoebe Putney Memorial Hospital in the United States, and Yichang Central People Hospital in China. Participants: A total of 242 cases with COVID-19 infection and 34 controls with bacterial pneumonia. Main Outcomes and Measures: The F/P in patients with COVID-19 or with bacterial pneumonia were compared. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined the sensitivity and specificity of various cut-off F/P values for the diagnosis of COVID-19 versus bacterial pneumonia. Results: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had a lower mean age (57.11 vs 64.4 years, p=0.02) and a higher BMI (30.74 vs 27.15 kg/m2, p=0.02) compared to patients with bacterial pneumonia. Cases and controls had a similar proportion of women (47% vs 53%, p=0.5) and COVID-19 patients had a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (32.6% vs 12%, p=0.01). The median F/P was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 (4037.5) compared to the F/P in bacterial pneumonia (802, p<0.001). An F/P greater than or equal to 877 used to diagnose COVID-19 resulted in a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 56%, with a positive predictive value of 93.2%, and a likelihood ratio of 1.92. In multivariable analyses, an F/P greater than or equal to 877 was associated with greater odds of identifying a COVID-19 case (OR: 11.27, CI: 4-31.2, p<0.001). Conclusions and Relevance: An F/P greater than or equal to 877 increases the likelihood of COVID-19 pneumonia compared to bacterial pneumonia. Further research is needed to determine if obtaining ferritin and procalcitonin simultaneously at the time of clinical presentation has improved diagnostic value. Additional questions include whether an increased F/P and/or serial F/P associates with COVID-19 disease severity or outcomes.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-22
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.10.20.20216309
    Database COVID19

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