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  1. Article ; Online: The Relationship of Urban Form on Children and Adolescent Health Outcomes

    Tona M. Pitt / Janet Aucoin / Tate HubkaRao / Suzanne Goopy / Jason Cabaj / Brent Hagel / Gavin R. McCormack

    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 4180, p

    A Scoping Review of Canadian Evidence

    2021  Volume 4180

    Abstract: Urban form can have an impact on health outcomes in children, and the synthesis of findings can identify gaps in the literature and regional reviews may help guide policymakers. This study aims to complete a scoping review of the research relating urban ... ...

    Abstract Urban form can have an impact on health outcomes in children, and the synthesis of findings can identify gaps in the literature and regional reviews may help guide policymakers. This study aims to complete a scoping review of the research relating urban form to health outcomes in children and adolescents from urban Canadian settings. Thirteen online databases were searched to identify studies that had objective measures of urban form and health outcomes. Two research assistants independently reviewed 27,444 titles and abstracts, and 176 full-text articles, returning 32 unique studies with youth-specific data. The majority of the included studies were cross-sectional or ecological ( n = 26). Six studies used Canada-wide data and the rest were from Ontario ( n = 11), Alberta ( n = 6), and Quebec ( n = 6). Urban form characteristics included neighbourhood food environment ( n = 11), parks/natural space/greenness ( n = 10), road or intersection characteristics ( n = 7), and aggregated urban form measures ( n = 7). Studies examined a variety of health outcomes: the majority considered weight status ( n = 16) and injury ( n = 10). Although there is over-reliance on mainly cross-sectional study designs, there is evidence suggesting that urban form is associated with health outcomes in Canadian youth, with parks/greenspace, road connectivity, and road characteristics most consistently associated with health outcomes in youth.
    Keywords urban form ; child ; youth ; adolescent ; food environment ; health ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: A scoping review of opioid harm reduction interventions for equity-deserving populations

    Katrina Milaney / Rebecca Haines-Saah / Brenlea Farkas / Oluwaseun Egunsola / Liza Mastikhina / Sage Brown / Diane Lorenzetti / Brian Hansen / Kerry McBrien / Katherine Rittenbach / Leslie Hill / Claire O'Gorman / Christopher Doig / Jason Cabaj / Caitlin Stokvis / Fiona Clement

    The Lancet Regional Health. Americas, Vol 12, Iss , Pp 100271- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Summary: Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use has become a North American crisis. Harm reduction is an evidence-based approach to substance use. Targeted harm reduction strategies that consider the needs of specific populations ... ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: Morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use has become a North American crisis. Harm reduction is an evidence-based approach to substance use. Targeted harm reduction strategies that consider the needs of specific populations are required. The objective of this scoping review was to document the range of opioid harm reduction interventions across equity-deserving populations including racialized groups, Indigenous peoples, LGBTQIA2S+, people with disabilities, and women. Methods: Ten databases were searched from inception to July 5th, 2021. Terms for harm reduction and opioid use formed the central concepts of the search. We included studies that: (1) assessed the development, implementation, and/or evaluation of harm reduction interventions for opioid use, and (2) reported health-related outcomes or presented perspectives that directly related to experiences receiving or administering harm reduction interventions, (3) were completed within an equity-deserving population and (4) were completed in New Zealand, Australia, Canada or the US. A knowledge map was developed a-priori based on literature outlining different types of harm reduction interventions and supplemented by the expertise of the research team. Findings: 12,958 citations were identified and screened, with 1373 reviewed in full-text screening. Of these, 15 studies were included in the final dataset. The most common harm reduction program was opioid agonist treatment (OAT) (n = 11, 73%). The remaining four studies included: overdose prevention; drug testing equipment; and outreach, peer support, and educational programs for safer use. Nine studies focused on women, primarily pregnant/post-partum women, three focused on Indigenous peoples, and three studies included racialized groups. No studies were identified that provided any information on persons with a disability or members of the LGBTQIA2S+ population. Interpretation: The scant opioid specific harm reduction literature on equity-deserving populations to date has ...
    Keywords Opioid ; Overdose ; Equity-deserving ; Harm reduction ; Scoping review ; Health equity ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Synthèse des données probantes – Examen de la portée sur les associations entre aménagement urbain et santé

    Gavin R. McCormack / Jason Cabaj / Heather Orpana / Ryan Lukic / Anita Blackstaffe / Suzanne Goopy / Brent Hagel / Noel Keough / Ryan Martinson / Jonathan Chapman / Celia Lee / Joyce Tang / Gabriel Fabreau

    Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada, Vol 39, Iss 5, Pp 206-

    les données quantitatives canadiennes

    2019  Volume 220

    Abstract: Introduction. En dépit de données canadiennes abondantes sur les associations entre aménagement urbain et comportements liés à la santé, nous savons peu de chose sur les associations entre aménagement urbain et problèmes de santé. Cet examen de la portée ...

    Abstract Introduction. En dépit de données canadiennes abondantes sur les associations entre aménagement urbain et comportements liés à la santé, nous savons peu de chose sur les associations entre aménagement urbain et problèmes de santé. Cet examen de la portée est destiné à offrir une synthèse des données tirées d’études quantitatives ayant examiné la relation entre l’environnement bâti et les problèmes de santé chroniques, l’état de santé et la qualité de vie autodéclarés ainsi que les blessures au sein de la population canadienne adulte. Méthodologie. De janvier à mars 2017, nous avons effectué des recherches dans 13 bases de données afin de sélectionner, sans égard à la date de publication, les études quantitatives ayant fait l’objet d’une évaluation par les pairs et portant sur les associations entre des mesures objectives de l’environnement bâti et divers problèmes de santé affectant les adultes canadiens. Seules les études menées en milieu urbain ont été incluses. Nous avons catalogué et synthétisé les études pertinentes en fonction de leur sujet et de leur plan d’étude ainsi que de leurs résultats sur le plan de la santé et des caractéristiques de l’environnement bâti. Résultats. Cinquante-cinq articles ont répondu aux critères d’inclusion, dont 52 publiés après 2008. La plupart des études menées dans une seule province ont porté sur Ontario (n = 22), le Québec (n = 12) ou l’Alberta (n = 7). L’examen a permis de dégager des associations entre les caractéristiques du milieu bâti et 11 résultats généraux en matière de santé, à savoir les blessures (n = 19), le poids (n = 19), les maladies cardiovasculaires (n = 5), la dépression et l’anxiété (n = 5), le diabète (n = 5), la mortalité (n = 4), l’état de santé autoévalué (n = 2), les problèmes de santé chroniques (n = 2), les troubles du métabolisme (n = 2), la qualité de vie (n = 1) et le cancer (n = 1). Nous avons relevé des données probantes cohérentes montrant des associations entre les indicateurs agrégés de l’environnement bâti (p. ex. le potentiel ...
    Keywords maladie ; quartier ; environnement bâti ; blessure ; santé ; santé mentale ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Health Agency of Canada
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Evidence synthesis – A scoping review on the relations between urban form and health

    Gavin R. McCormack / Jason Cabaj / Heather Orpana / Ryan Lukic / Anita Blackstaffe / Suzanne Goopy / Brent Hagel / Noel Keough / Ryan Martinson / Jonathan Chapman / Celia Lee / Joyce Tang / Gabriel Fabreau

    Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada, Vol 39, Iss 5, Pp 187-

    a focus on Canadian quantitative evidence

    2019  Volume 200

    Abstract: Introduction: Despite the accumulating Canadian evidence regarding the relations between urban form and health behaviours, less is known about the associations between urban form and health conditions. Our study aim was to undertake a scoping review to ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Despite the accumulating Canadian evidence regarding the relations between urban form and health behaviours, less is known about the associations between urban form and health conditions. Our study aim was to undertake a scoping review to synthesize evidence from quantitative studies that have investigated the relationship between built environment and chronic health conditions, self-reported health and quality of life, and injuries in the Canadian adult population. Methods: From January to March 2017, we searched 13 databases to identify peer-reviewed quantitative studies from all years that estimated associations between the objectively-measured built environment and health conditions in Canadian adults. Studies undertaken within urban settings only were included. Relevant studies were catalogued and synthesized in relation to their reported study and sample design, and health outcome and built environment features. Results: Fifty-five articles met the inclusion criteria, 52 of which were published after 2008. Most single province studies were undertaken in Ontario (n = 22), Quebec (n = 12), and Alberta (n = 7). Associations between the built environment features and 11 broad health outcomes emerged from the review, including injury (n = 19), weight status (n = 19), cardiovascular disease (n = 5), depression/anxiety (n = 5), diabetes (n = 5), mortality (n = 4), self-rated health (n = 2), chronic conditions (n = 2), metabolic conditions (n = 2), quality of life (n = 1), and cancer (n = 1). Consistent evidence for asso-ciations between aggregate built environment indicators (e.g., walkability) and diabetes and weight and between connectivity and route features (e.g., transportation route, trails, pathways, sidewalks, street pattern, intersections, route characteristics) and injury were found. Evidence for greenspace, parks and recreation features impacting multiple health outcomes was also found. Conclusion: Within the Canadian context, the built environment is associated with a range of chronic ...
    Keywords disease ; neighbourhood ; built environment ; injury ; health ; mental health ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Health Agency of Canada
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Healthy food prescription incentive programme for adults with type 2 diabetes who are experiencing food insecurity

    Colleen Norris / Tyler Williamson / Richard Oster / Dana Lee Olstad / Laura White / David J T Campbell / Sharlette Dunn / Kim D Raine / Mary L'Abbé / Richard Lewanczuk / Lorraine L Lipscombe / Eldon Spackman / Reed Beall / Kienan Williams / Sara Scott / Gabrielle L Zimmermann / Kerry A McBrien / Kieran J D Steer / Catherine B Chan /
    Sheila Tyminski / Seth Berkowitz / Alun L Edwards / Terry Saunders-Smith / Saania Tariq / Naomi Popeski / Sara Nejatinamini / Aruba Naser / Carlota Basualdo-Hammond / Petra O’Connell / Judy Seidel / Jason Cabaj

    BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss

    protocol for a randomised controlled trial, modelling and implementation studies

    2022  Volume 2

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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