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  1. Article ; Online: Elucidation of Surface Functional Groups Deposited by Electrochemical Surface Treatment of Discontinuous Carbon Fiber by NEXAFS and XPS.

    Kolodziejczyk, Alec / Wheeler, Jacob / Tran, Ngon T / Jaye, Cherno / Knorr, Daniel

    Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids

    2023  Volume 39, Issue 50, Page(s) 18289–18301

    Abstract: Control of carbon fiber heteroatom (oxygen and nitrogen) functionalization using electrochemical oxidation is explored in a variety of electrolyte solutions. Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure ( ...

    Abstract Control of carbon fiber heteroatom (oxygen and nitrogen) functionalization using electrochemical oxidation is explored in a variety of electrolyte solutions. Results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy indicate that most electrolytes in aqueous and anodic conditions are limited to heteroatom surface content of no more than 13 atomic percent (at %) with a majority C-O and/or C-N moieties; the remaining moieties include an oxidative sequence of carbon (alcohol to ketone to carboxylate) and more complex O- and N-containing groups. The pH of the electrolyte solution was found to be crucial in controlling the ratio of the amount of oxygen to nitrogen functionalities, with the increased basicity of solution resulting in higher nitrogen deposition. The oxidative (and/or thermal) decomposition of many electrolytes during electrochemical treatment can have a major impact on functionalization through changes to pH. Oxidation of carbon fiber in some electrolyte solutions showed higher surface concentrations of heteroatoms (25-30 at %) than most electrolytes (13 at %). Mechanisms were proposed to explain how some electrolytes can exceed 13 at % of heteroatom deposition. Specifically, we hypothesized that electrolytes that contain organic ions with chelation capabilities and moieties that produce additional sites of functionalization can overcome that threshold.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2005937-1
    ISSN 1520-5827 ; 0743-7463
    ISSN (online) 1520-5827
    ISSN 0743-7463
    DOI 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02193
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  2. Article ; Online: Linking water quality, fouling layer composition, and performance of reverse osmosis membranes

    Landsman, Matthew R. / Rongpipi, Sintu / Freychet, Guillaume / Gann, Eliot / Jaye, Cherno / Lawler, Desmond F. / Katz, Lynn E. / Su, Gregory M.

    Elsevier B.V. Journal of Membrane Science. 2023 Aug., v. 680 p.121717-

    2023  

    Abstract: Fouling of polyamide membranes during reverse osmosis (RO) is a major challenge for adopting membrane technologies to treat highly contaminated waters, especially those containing organic foulants (e.g., natural organic matter (NOM), polysaccharides) and ...

    Abstract Fouling of polyamide membranes during reverse osmosis (RO) is a major challenge for adopting membrane technologies to treat highly contaminated waters, especially those containing organic foulants (e.g., natural organic matter (NOM), polysaccharides) and dominant cations (e.g., sodium, magnesium, calcium). This work combines bench-scale membrane fouling experiments with detailed characterization of feedwater chemistry and fouling layer composition/morphology to reveal fundamental mechanisms of (in)organic fouling during RO. Divalent cations are shown to promote fouling by hydrophobic NOM containing aromatic and carboxyl groups, while NOM fouling in the presence of a monovalent cation, sodium, occurs by smaller fulvic acids containing larger fractions of carboxyl groups and other oxygen-rich moieties. Calcium-carboxyl bridging occurs in solution and near the membrane surface to induce NOM aggregation on nanometer length scales. In complex waters containing foulant mixtures, co-fouling by calcium-carboxyl bridging and CaCO₃ precipitation influence membrane performance at longer timeframes. However, the flux decline observed for the co-fouling mechanism was less significant than the sum of its parts, suggesting both synergistic and antagonistic fouling mechanisms should be considered in membrane design/operation. These results encourage the design of pretreatment processes to reduce concentrations of multivalent ions and hydrophobic NOM in RO feedwaters, and of membrane materials to limit attachment/deposition of aggregates to/on polyamide surfaces.
    Keywords calcium ; cations ; hydrophobicity ; magnesium ; organic matter ; polyamides ; polysaccharides ; reverse osmosis ; sodium ; water quality ; Polyamide ; Natural organic matter ; Calcium carbonate ; Resonant x-ray scattering ; X-ray absorption spectroscopy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-08
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 194516-6
    ISSN 0376-7388
    ISSN 0376-7388
    DOI 10.1016/j.memsci.2023.121717
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  3. Article ; Online: Interface-modulated kinetic differentials in electron and hole transfer rates as a key design principle for redox photocatalysis by Sb2VO5/QD heterostructures.

    Ayala, Jaime R / García-Pedraza, Karoline E / Giem, Alice R / Wijethunga, Udani / Hariyani, Shruti / Carrillo, Luis / Jaye, Cherno / Weiland, Conan / Fischer, Daniel A / Watson, David F / Banerjee, Sarbajit

    The Journal of chemical physics

    2024  Volume 160, Issue 19

    Abstract: The efficient conversion of solar energy to chemical energy represents a critical bottleneck to the energy transition. Photocatalytic splitting of water to generate solar fuels is a promising solution. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are prime ... ...

    Abstract The efficient conversion of solar energy to chemical energy represents a critical bottleneck to the energy transition. Photocatalytic splitting of water to generate solar fuels is a promising solution. Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are prime candidates for light-harvesting components of photocatalytic heterostructures, given their size-dependent photophysical properties and band-edge energies. A promising series of heterostructured photocatalysts interface QDs with transition-metal oxides which embed midgap electronic states derived from the stereochemically active electron lone pairs of p-block cations. Here, we examine the thermodynamic driving forces and dynamics of charge separation in Sb2VO5/CdSe QD heterostructures, wherein a high density of Sb 5s2-derived midgap states are prospective acceptors for photogenerated holes. Hard-x-ray valence band photoemission spectroscopy measurements of Sb2VO5/CdSe QD heterostructures were used to deduce thermodynamic driving forces for charge separation. Interfacial charge transfer dynamics in the heterostructures were examined as a function of the mode of interfacial connectivity, contrasting heterostructures with direct interfaces assembled by successive ion layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) and interfaces comprising molecular bridges assembled by linker-assisted assembly (LAA). Transient absorption spectroscopy measurements indicate ultrafast (<2 ps) electron and hole transfer in SILAR-derived heterostructures, whereas LAA-derived heterostructures show orders of magnitude differentials in the kinetics of hole (<100 ps) and electron (∼1 ns) transfer. The interface-modulated kinetic differentials in electron and hole transfer rates underpin the more effective charge separation, reduced charge recombination, and greater photocatalytic efficiency observed for the LAA-derived Sb2VO5/CdSe QD heterostructures.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3113-6
    ISSN 1089-7690 ; 0021-9606
    ISSN (online) 1089-7690
    ISSN 0021-9606
    DOI 10.1063/5.0201550
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  4. Article ; Online: Structure of Keratins in Adhesive Gecko Setae Determined by Near-Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectromicroscopy.

    Holler, Katinka Rønnow / Rasmussen, Mette A / Baio, Joe E / Jaye, Cherno / Fischer, Daniel A / Gorb, Stanislav N / Weidner, Tobias

    The journal of physical chemistry letters

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 9, Page(s) 2193–2196

    Abstract: Geckos have the astonishing ability to climb on vertical surfaces due to the adhesive properties of fibrous setae at the tips of their toe pads. While the adhesion mechanism principle, based on van der Waals interactions of myriads of spatula located at ... ...

    Abstract Geckos have the astonishing ability to climb on vertical surfaces due to the adhesive properties of fibrous setae at the tips of their toe pads. While the adhesion mechanism principle, based on van der Waals interactions of myriads of spatula located at the outermost end of the setal arrays, has been studied extensively, there are still open questions about the chemistry of gecko setae. The gecko adhesive system is based on keratin fibrils assembled to support the entire setal structure. At the same time, the structure and alignment of keratin molecules within the ultrafine spatula tissue, which can support the enormous mechanical strain, still remain unknown. We have studied the molecular structure of gecko spatula using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) imaging. We indeed found that the setae consist of a β-sheet structure aligned with the adhesion direction of the setae. Such alignment may provide mechanical stability to the setae and resistance to wear across different length scales.
    MeSH term(s) Adhesiveness ; Adhesives ; Animals ; Keratins ; Lizards ; Sensilla ; X-Rays
    Chemical Substances Adhesives ; Keratins (68238-35-7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1948-7185
    ISSN (online) 1948-7185
    DOI 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00004
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  5. Article ; Online: Evidence that gecko setae are coated with an ordered nanometre-thin lipid film.

    Rasmussen, Mette H / Holler, Katinka Rønnow / Baio, Joe E / Jaye, Cherno / Fischer, Daniel A / Gorb, Stanislav N / Weidner, Tobias

    Biology letters

    2022  Volume 18, Issue 7, Page(s) 20220093

    Abstract: The fascinating adhesion of gecko to virtually any material has been related to surface interactions of myriads of spatula at the tips of gecko feet. Surprisingly, the molecular details of the surface chemistry of gecko adhesion are still largely unknown. ...

    Abstract The fascinating adhesion of gecko to virtually any material has been related to surface interactions of myriads of spatula at the tips of gecko feet. Surprisingly, the molecular details of the surface chemistry of gecko adhesion are still largely unknown. Lipids have been identified within gecko adhesive pads. However, the location of the lipids, the extent to which spatula are coated with lipids, and how the lipids are structured are still open questions. Lipids can modulate adhesion properties and surface hydrophobicity and may play an important role in adhesion. We have therefore studied the molecular structure of lipids at spatula surfaces using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure imaging. We provide evidence that a nanometre-thin layer of lipids is present at the spatula surfaces of the tokay gecko (
    MeSH term(s) Adhesiveness ; Animals ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipids/chemistry ; Lizards/metabolism ; Proteins ; Sensilla/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Lipids ; Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2135022-X
    ISSN 1744-957X ; 1744-9561
    ISSN (online) 1744-957X
    ISSN 1744-9561
    DOI 10.1098/rsbl.2022.0093
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  6. Article: Effect of tribologically-induced changes in surface termination of silicon-containing diamond-like carbon coatings on the resistance to biomolecule adsorption

    Li, Zixuan / Ye, Jennings Z. / Yan, Jieming / Molina, Nicolás / Lien, Hsu-Ming / Chrostowksi, Robert / Jaye, Cherno / Fischer, Daniel A. / Lin, Jianliang / Mangolini, Filippo

    Carbon. 2022 Oct. 31, v. 199

    2022  

    Abstract: Silicon-containing diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a class of thin-film materials with excellent mechanical properties, high thermal stability, and good tribological performance over a wide range of environmental conditions. While non-alloyed/non-doped DLCs ...

    Abstract Silicon-containing diamond-like carbon (DLC) is a class of thin-film materials with excellent mechanical properties, high thermal stability, and good tribological performance over a wide range of environmental conditions. While non-alloyed/non-doped DLCs also exhibit good biocompatibility and bioinertness, our understanding of the effect of silicon in DLCs on biomolecules/DLC interactions is still elusive. Here, we evaluated the structural, mechanical, and tribological properties of Si-containing DLC coatings with silicon content fraction of 11% and 16%. Tribological tests, performed by sliding a stainless steel pin on the coatings in water, indicated a low friction response (steady-state coefficient of friction <0.11), while quartz crystal microbalance experiments indicated no adsorption of a model biomolecule, namely adenosine triphosphate (ATP), on Si-containing DLCs. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectromicroscopy analyses performed after tribological experiments provided evidence for an increase in the fraction of silanol surface terminal groups formed in the worn region upon sliding in water without any significant sp³-to-sp² rehybridization of carbon atoms. The fraction of surface hydroxyl groups in the worn region increases with the silicon content in Si-containing DLC, which leads to a decrease in friction. This tribologically-induced change in surface termination did not lead to the adsorption of ATP upon incubation of tribotested samples in ATP solutions for several hours. These findings open the path for the use of Si-containing DLC in applications requiring good tribological properties in aqueous solution and an excellent resistance to biomolecule surface adsorption that is maintained even after tribologically-induced variations in surface termination.
    Keywords X-ray absorption spectroscopy ; adenosine triphosphate ; adsorption ; aqueous solutions ; biocompatibility ; carbon ; friction ; quartz crystal microbalance ; silicon ; stainless steel ; thermal stability
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-1031
    Size p. 132-140.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0008-6223
    DOI 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.07.043
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  7. Article: Toggling Stereochemical Activity through Interstitial Positioning of Cations between 2D V

    Agbeworvi, George / Zaheer, Wasif / Handy, Joseph V / Andrews, Justin L / Perez-Beltran, Saul / Jaye, Cherno / Weiland, Conan / Fischer, Daniel A / Balbuena, Perla B / Banerjee, Sarbajit

    Chemistry of materials : a publication of the American Chemical Society

    2023  Volume 35, Issue 17, Page(s) 7175–7188

    Abstract: ... The 5/ ... ...

    Abstract The 5/6s
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1500399-1
    ISSN 1520-5002 ; 0897-4756
    ISSN (online) 1520-5002
    ISSN 0897-4756
    DOI 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01463
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  8. Article ; Online: Core level spectroscopies locate hydrogen in the proton transfer pathway - identifying quasi-symmetrical hydrogen bonds in the solid state.

    Stevens, Joanna S / Coultas, Sarah / Jaye, Cherno / Fischer, Daniel A / Schroeder, Sven L M

    Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 9, Page(s) 4916–4923

    Abstract: Short, strong hydrogen bonds (SSHBs) have been a source of interest and considerable speculation over recent years, culminating with those where hydrogen resides around the midpoint between the donor and acceptor atoms, leading to quasi-covalent nature. ... ...

    Abstract Short, strong hydrogen bonds (SSHBs) have been a source of interest and considerable speculation over recent years, culminating with those where hydrogen resides around the midpoint between the donor and acceptor atoms, leading to quasi-covalent nature. We demonstrate that X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy provide deep insight into the electronic structure of the short OHN hydrogen bond of 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, revealing for the first time distinctive spectroscopic identifiers for these quasi-symmetrical hydrogen bonds. An intermediate nitrogen (core level) chemical shift occurs for the almost centrally located hydrogen compared to protonated (ionic) and non-ionic analogues, and it reveals the absence of two-site disorder. This type of bonding is also evident through broadening of the nitrogen 1s photoemission and 1s → 1π* peaks in XPS and NEXAFS, respectively, arising from the femtosecond lifetimes of hydrogen in the potential wells slightly offset to either side of the centre. The line-shape of the core level excitations are thus related to the population occupancies, reflecting the temperature-dependent shape of the hydrogen potential energy well. Both XPS and NEXAFS provide a distinctive identifier for these quasi-symmetrical hydrogen bonds, paving the way for detailed studies into their prevalence and potentially unique physical and chemical properties.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1476244-4
    ISSN 1463-9084 ; 1463-9076
    ISSN (online) 1463-9084
    ISSN 1463-9076
    DOI 10.1039/c9cp05677g
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  9. Article ; Online: Effect of Stereochemically Active Electron Lone Pairs on Magnetic Ordering in Trivanadates.

    Agbeworvi, George / Zaheer, Wasif / Ponis, John D / Handy, Joseph V / Ayala, Jaime R / Andrews, Justin L / Schofield, Parker / Jaye, Cherno / Weiland, Conan / Fischer, Daniel A / Banerjee, Sarbajit

    Inorganic chemistry

    2023  Volume 62, Issue 32, Page(s) 12965–12975

    Abstract: Stereoactive electron lone pairs derived from filled 5/ ... ...

    Abstract Stereoactive electron lone pairs derived from filled 5/6s
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1484438-2
    ISSN 1520-510X ; 0020-1669
    ISSN (online) 1520-510X
    ISSN 0020-1669
    DOI 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c01760
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  10. Article ; Online: Diamond surface functionalization via visible light-driven C-H activation for nanoscale quantum sensing.

    Rodgers, Lila V H / Nguyen, Suong T / Cox, James H / Zervas, Kalliope / Yuan, Zhiyang / Sangtawesin, Sorawis / Stacey, Alastair / Jaye, Cherno / Weiland, Conan / Pershin, Anton / Gali, Adam / Thomsen, Lars / Meynell, Simon A / Hughes, Lillian B / Jayich, Ania C Bleszynski / Gui, Xin / Cava, Robert J / Knowles, Robert R / de Leon, Nathalie P

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2024  Volume 121, Issue 11, Page(s) e2316032121

    Abstract: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a promising platform for nanoscale NMR sensing. Despite significant progress toward using NV centers to detect and localize nuclear spins down to the single spin level, NV-based spectroscopy of individual, ... ...

    Abstract Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are a promising platform for nanoscale NMR sensing. Despite significant progress toward using NV centers to detect and localize nuclear spins down to the single spin level, NV-based spectroscopy of individual, intact, arbitrary target molecules remains elusive. Such sensing requires that target molecules are immobilized within nanometers of NV centers with long spin coherence. The inert nature of diamond typically requires harsh functionalization techniques such as thermal annealing or plasma processing, limiting the scope of functional groups that can be attached to the surface. Solution-phase chemical methods can be readily generalized to install diverse functional groups, but they have not been widely explored for single-crystal diamond surfaces. Moreover, realizing shallow NV centers with long spin coherence times requires highly ordered single-crystal surfaces, and solution-phase functionalization has not yet been shown with such demanding conditions. In this work, we report a versatile strategy to directly functionalize C-H bonds on single-crystal diamond surfaces under ambient conditions using visible light, forming C-F, C-Cl, C-S, and C-N bonds at the surface. This method is compatible with NV centers within 10 nm of the surface with spin coherence times comparable to the state of the art. As a proof-of-principle demonstration, we use shallow ensembles of NV centers to detect nuclear spins from surface-bound functional groups. Our approach to surface functionalization opens the door to deploying NV centers as a tool for chemical sensing and single-molecule spectroscopy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2316032121
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