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  1. Article ; Online: Racial and socioeconomic status differences in stress, posttraumatic growth, and mental health in an older adult cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic

    Brea Willey / Kayden Mimmack / Geoffroy Gagliardi / Michelle L. Dossett / Sharon Wang / Onyinye J Udeogu / Nancy J. Donovan / Jennifer R. Gatchel / Yakeel T. Quiroz / Rebecca Amariglio / Cindy H. Liu / Sunah Hyun / Abdelrahman ElTohamy / Dorene Rentz / Reisa A. Sperling / Gad A. Marshall / Patrizia Vannini

    EClinicalMedicine, Vol 45, Iss , Pp 101343- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Summary: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted the most vulnerable and widened the health disparity gap in both physical and mental well-being. Consequentially, it is vital to understand how to best support elderly individuals, ...

    Abstract Summary: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted the most vulnerable and widened the health disparity gap in both physical and mental well-being. Consequentially, it is vital to understand how to best support elderly individuals, particularly Black Americans and people of low socioeconomic status, in navigating stressful situations during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. The aim of this study was to investigate perceived levels of stress, posttraumatic growth, coping strategies, socioeconomic status, and mental health between Black and non-Hispanic, White older adults, the majority over the age of 70. Additionally, we investigated which variables, if any, were associated with posttraumatic growth in these populations. Methods: One hundred seventy-six community dwelling older adults (mean age = 76.30 ±8.94), part of two observational studies (The Harvard Aging Brain Study and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Study) in Massachusetts, US, were included in this cross-sectional study. The survey, conducted from March 23, 2021 to May 13, 2021, measured perceived stress, behavioral coping strategies, posttraumatic growth, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated associations with post-traumatic growth in a multiple linear regression model and examined their differences by race with t-tests, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Fisher's exact tests. A second multiple linear regression model was used to examine which coping strategies were associated with posttraumatic growth. Findings: Our results indicated no significant difference between the groups in terms of mental health or stress. However, Black participants showed significantly greater posttraumatic growth compared to non-Hispanic, White participants. Additionally, the coping strategies of religion and positive reframing were found to be significantly associated with posttraumatic growth. Furthermore, even with the effects of stress and coping strategies controlled for, race remained significantly associated with ...
    Keywords Aging ; Posttraumatic growth ; Pandemic ; Geriatrics ; COVID-19 ; Coping strategies ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 150
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Pharmacometabolomic signature of ataxia SCA1 mouse model and lithium effects.

    Bertrand Perroud / Paymaan Jafar-Nejad / William R Wikoff / Jennifer R Gatchel / Lu Wang / Dinesh K Barupal / Juan Crespo-Barreto / Oliver Fiehn / Huda Y Zoghbi / Rima Kaddurah-Daouk

    PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 8, p e

    2013  Volume 70610

    Abstract: We have shown that lithium treatment improves motor coordination in a spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) disease mouse model (Sca1(154Q/+)). To learn more about disease pathogenesis and molecular contributions to the neuroprotective effects of lithium, ...

    Abstract We have shown that lithium treatment improves motor coordination in a spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) disease mouse model (Sca1(154Q/+)). To learn more about disease pathogenesis and molecular contributions to the neuroprotective effects of lithium, we investigated metabolomic profiles of cerebellar tissue and plasma from SCA1-model treated and untreated mice. Metabolomic analyses of wild-type and Sca1(154Q/+) mice, with and without lithium treatment, were performed using gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry and BinBase mass spectral annotations. We detected 416 metabolites, of which 130 were identified. We observed specific metabolic perturbations in Sca1(154Q/+) mice and major effects of lithium on metabolism, centrally and peripherally. Compared to wild-type, Sca1(154Q/+) cerebella metabolic profile revealed changes in glucose, lipids, and metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid cycle and purines. Fewer metabolic differences were noted in Sca1(154Q/+) mouse plasma versus wild-type. In both genotypes, the major lithium responses in cerebellum involved energy metabolism, purines, unsaturated free fatty acids, and aromatic and sulphur-containing amino acids. The largest metabolic difference with lithium was a 10-fold increase in ascorbate levels in wild-type cerebella (p<0.002), with lower threonate levels, a major ascorbate catabolite. In contrast, Sca1(154Q/+) mice that received lithium showed no elevated cerebellar ascorbate levels. Our data emphasize that lithium regulates a variety of metabolic pathways, including purine, oxidative stress and energy production pathways. The purine metabolite level, reduced in the Sca1(154Q/+) mice and restored upon lithium treatment, might relate to lithium neuroprotective properties.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 572
    Language English
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States and Latin America

    Ganesh M. Babulal / Valeria L. Torres / Daisy Acosta / Cinthya Agüero / Sara Aguilar-Navarro / Rebecca Amariglio / Juliana Aya Ussui / Ana Baena / Yamile Bocanegra / Sonia Maria Dozzi Brucki / Julian Bustin / Diego M. Cabrera / Nilton Custodio / Monica M. Diaz / Lissette Duque Peñailillo / Idalid Franco / Jennifer R. Gatchel / Ana Paola Garza-Naveda / Mariana González Lara /
    Lidia Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez / Edmarie Guzmán-Vélez / Bernard J. Hanseeuw / Ivonne Z. Jimenez-Velazquez / Tomás León Rodríguez / Jorge Llibre-Guerra / María J. Marquine / Jairo Martinez / Luis D. Medina / Claudia Miranda-Castillo / Alejandra Morlett Paredes / Diana Munera / Alberto Nuñez-Herrera / Maira Okada de Oliveira / Santiago J. Palmer-Cancel / Enmanuelle Pardilla-Delgado / Jaime Perales-Puchalt / Celina Pluim / Liliana Ramirez-Gomez / Dorene M. Rentz / Claudia Rivera-Fernández / Monica Rosselli / Cecilia M Serrano / Maria Jose Suing-Ortega / Andrea Slachevsky / Marcio Soto-Añari / Reisa A. Sperling / Fernando Torrente / Daniela Thumala / Patrizia Vannini / Clara Vila-Castelar

    EClinicalMedicine, Vol 35, Iss , Pp 100848- (2021)

    2021  

    Abstract: Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic's impact on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the ... ...

    Abstract Background: In the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults from vulnerable ethnoracial groups are at high risk of infection, hospitalization, and death. We aimed to explore the pandemic's impact on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States (US), Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Methods: 1,608 (646 White, 852 Latino, 77 Black, 33 Asian; 72% female) individuals from the US and four Latin American countries aged ≥ 55 years completed an online survey regarding well-being and cognition during the pandemic between May and September 2020. Outcome variables (pandemic impact, discrimination, loneliness, purpose of life, subjective cognitive concerns) were compared across four US ethnoracial groups and older adults living in Argentina, Chile, Mexico, and Peru. Findings: Mean age for all participants was 66.7 (SD = 7.7) years and mean education was 15.4 (SD = 2.7) years. Compared to Whites, Latinos living in the US reported greater economic impact (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.031); while Blacks reported experiencing discrimination more often (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.050). Blacks and Latinos reported more positive coping (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.040). Compared to Latinos living in the US, Latinos in Chile, Mexico, and Peru reported greater pandemic impact, Latinos in Mexico and Peru reported more positive coping, Latinos in Argentina, Mexico, and Peru had greater economic impact, and Latinos in Argentina, Chile, and Peru reported less discrimination. Interpretation: The COVID-19 pandemic has differentially impacted the well-being of older ethnically diverse individuals in the US and Latin America. Future studies should examine how mediators like income and coping skills modify the pandemic's impact. Funding: Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Psychiatry.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; US ; Latin America ; Diversity ; Well-being ; Cognition ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Lithium therapy improves neurological function and hippocampal dendritic arborization in a spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 mouse model.

    Kei Watase / Jennifer R Gatchel / Yaling Sun / Effat Emamian / Richard Atkinson / Ronald Richman / Hidehiro Mizusawa / Harry T Orr / Chad Shaw / Huda Y Zoghbi

    PLoS Medicine, Vol 4, Iss 5, p e

    2007  Volume 182

    Abstract: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor and cognitive dysfunction. Caused by an expanded polyglutamine tract in ataxin 1 (ATXN1), SCA1 pathogenesis involves a ... ...

    Abstract Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor and cognitive dysfunction. Caused by an expanded polyglutamine tract in ataxin 1 (ATXN1), SCA1 pathogenesis involves a multifactorial process that likely begins with misfolding of ATXN1, which has functional consequences on its interactions, leading to transcriptional dysregulation. Because lithium has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in a variety of conditions, possibly by affecting gene expression, we tested the efficacy of lithium treatment in a knock-in mouse model of SCA1 (Sca1(154Q/2Q) mice) that replicates many features of the human disease.Sca1(154Q/2Q) mice and their wild-type littermates were fed either regular chow or chow that contained 0.2% lithium carbonate. Dietary lithium carbonate supplementation resulted in improvement of motor coordination, learning, and memory in Sca1(154Q/2Q) mice. Importantly, motor improvement was seen when treatment was initiated both presymptomatically and after symptom onset. Neuropathologically, lithium treatment attenuated the reduction of dendritic branching in mutant hippocampal pyramidal neurons. We also report that lithium treatment restored the levels of isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (Icmt; alternatively, Pccmt), down-regulation of which is an early marker of mutant ATXN1 toxicity.The effect of lithium on a marker altered early in the course of SCA1 pathogenesis, coupled with its positive effect on multiple behavioral measures and hippocampal neuropathology in an authentic disease model, make it an excellent candidate treatment for human SCA1 patients.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616 ; 572
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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